e10vq
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
Form 10-Q
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þ |
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QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2007
OR
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o |
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TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from to
Commission file number 0-26820
CRAY INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
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Washington
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93-0962605 |
(State or other jurisdiction of
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(I.R.S. Employer |
incorporation or organization)
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Identification No.) |
411 First Avenue South, Suite 600
Seattle, WA 98104-2860
(206) 701- 2000
(Address of principal executive offices)
(Registrants telephone number, including area code)
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed
by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or
for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been
subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes
þ No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated
filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of accelerated filer and large accelerated
filer in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act:
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o Large accelerated filer
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þ Accelerated filer
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o Non- accelerated |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of
the Exchange Act). Yes o No þ
As of October 31, 2007, 32,618,918 shares of the Companys Common Stock, par value $0.01 per
share, were outstanding.
CRAY INC.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Available Information
Our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K,
amendments to those reports and proxy statements filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or
15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act are available free of charge at our website at www.cray.com as
soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such reports with the SEC.
Cray is a federally registered trademark of Cray Inc., and Cray X1, Cray X1E, Cray XT3, Cray
XT4, Cray XMT and Cray XD1 are trademarks of Cray Inc. Other trademarks used in this report are the
property of their respective owners.
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
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Item 1. |
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Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements |
CRAY INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Unaudited and in thousands, except share data)
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September 30, |
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December 31, |
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2007 |
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2006 |
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ASSETS
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Current assets: |
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Cash and cash equivalents |
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$ |
73,823 |
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$ |
115,328 |
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Restricted cash |
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25,000 |
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25,000 |
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Short-term investments, available-for-sale |
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40,836 |
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Accounts receivable, net |
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48,733 |
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44,790 |
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Inventory |
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72,338 |
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58,798 |
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Prepaid expenses and other current assets |
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4,228 |
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2,156 |
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Total current assets |
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264,958 |
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246,072 |
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Property and equipment, net |
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18,769 |
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21,564 |
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Service inventory, net |
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3,281 |
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4,292 |
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Goodwill |
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64,821 |
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57,138 |
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Deferred tax asset |
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794 |
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722 |
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Intangible assets, net |
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1,241 |
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1,404 |
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Other non-current assets |
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5,949 |
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6,311 |
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TOTAL ASSETS |
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$ |
359,813 |
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$ |
337,503 |
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LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY
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Current liabilities: |
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Accounts payable |
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$ |
31,621 |
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$ |
22,450 |
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Accrued payroll and related expenses |
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10,878 |
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17,411 |
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Advance research and development payments |
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12,401 |
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21,518 |
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Other accrued liabilities |
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11,663 |
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5,121 |
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Deferred revenue |
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49,592 |
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43,248 |
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Total current liabilities |
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116,155 |
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109,748 |
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Long-term deferred revenue |
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11,117 |
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2,475 |
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Other non-current liabilities |
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3,668 |
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3,906 |
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Convertible notes payable |
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80,000 |
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80,000 |
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TOTAL LIABILITIES |
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210,940 |
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196,129 |
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Commitments and Contingencies |
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Shareholders equity: |
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Preferred Stock Authorized and
undesignated, 5,000,000 shares; no shares
issued or outstanding |
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Common Stock and additional paid in capital,
par value $.01 per share Authorized,
75,000,000 shares; issued and outstanding,
32,589,844 and 32,236,888 shares,
respectively |
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512,271 |
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507,356 |
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Accumulated other comprehensive income |
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11,563 |
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6,855 |
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Accumulated deficit |
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(374,961 |
) |
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(372,837 |
) |
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TOTAL SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY |
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148,873 |
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141,374 |
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TOTAL LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY |
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$ |
359,813 |
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$ |
337,503 |
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See accompanying notes
2
CRAY INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Unaudited and in thousands, except per share data)
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Three Months Ended |
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Nine Months Ended |
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September 30, |
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September 30, |
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2007 |
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2006 |
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2007 |
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2006 |
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Revenue: |
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Product |
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$ |
42,742 |
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$ |
19,074 |
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$ |
90,191 |
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$ |
77,990 |
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Service |
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12,247 |
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13,491 |
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38,532 |
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41,603 |
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Total revenue |
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54,989 |
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32,565 |
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128,723 |
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119,593 |
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Cost of revenue: |
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Cost of product revenue |
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25,618 |
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13,927 |
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57,422 |
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58,703 |
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Cost of service revenue |
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7,222 |
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7,242 |
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22,880 |
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22,836 |
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Total cost of revenue |
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32,840 |
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21,169 |
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80,302 |
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81,539 |
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Gross margin |
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22,149 |
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11,396 |
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48,421 |
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38,054 |
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Operating expenses: |
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Research and development, net |
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9,067 |
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9,692 |
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25,806 |
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23,278 |
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Sales and marketing |
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5,423 |
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4,924 |
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15,814 |
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15,591 |
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General and administrative |
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3,340 |
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4,134 |
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11,442 |
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14,328 |
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Restructuring and severance |
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3 |
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10 |
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1,290 |
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Total operating expenses |
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17,830 |
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18,753 |
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53,072 |
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54,487 |
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Income (loss) from operations |
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4,319 |
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(7,357 |
) |
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(4,651 |
) |
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(16,433 |
) |
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Other income (expense), net |
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294 |
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|
(92 |
) |
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|
765 |
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|
(1,964 |
) |
Interest income (expense), net |
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|
716 |
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(608 |
) |
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2,715 |
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(1,657 |
) |
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Income (loss) before income taxes |
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5,329 |
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(8,057 |
) |
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(1,171 |
) |
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(20,054 |
) |
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Provision for income taxes |
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228 |
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|
267 |
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|
953 |
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|
748 |
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Net income (loss) |
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$ |
5,101 |
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$ |
(8,324 |
) |
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$ |
(2,124 |
) |
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$ |
(20,802 |
) |
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Earnings (loss) per share: |
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Basic |
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$ |
0.16 |
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|
$ |
(0.37 |
) |
|
$ |
(0.07 |
) |
|
$ |
(0.93 |
) |
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Diluted |
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$ |
0.16 |
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|
$ |
(0.37 |
) |
|
$ |
(0.07 |
) |
|
$ |
(0.93 |
) |
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Weighted average shares outstanding: |
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Basic |
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32,191 |
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22,634 |
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31,774 |
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22,475 |
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Diluted |
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|
32,346 |
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22,634 |
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31,774 |
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|
22,475 |
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See accompanying notes
3
CRAY INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited and in thousands)
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Nine Months Ended |
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September 30, |
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2007 |
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2006 |
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Operating activities: |
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Net loss |
|
$ |
(2,124 |
) |
|
$ |
(20,802 |
) |
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities: |
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Depreciation and amortization |
|
|
9,542 |
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|
12,615 |
|
Share-based compensation cost |
|
|
2,574 |
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|
1,539 |
|
Inventory write-down |
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|
422 |
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|
806 |
|
Amortization of issuance costs, convertible notes payable and line of credit |
|
|
516 |
|
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|
1,017 |
|
Deferred income taxes |
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(72 |
) |
|
|
(121 |
) |
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Changes in operating assets and liabilities: |
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Accounts receivable |
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(4,935 |
) |
|
|
9,074 |
|
Inventory |
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(17,625 |
) |
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|
(25,309 |
) |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets |
|
|
(2,238 |
) |
|
|
(981 |
) |
Other non-current assets |
|
|
(166 |
) |
|
|
(555 |
) |
Accounts payable |
|
|
8,435 |
|
|
|
4,163 |
|
Accrued payroll and related expenses and other accrued liabilities |
|
|
80 |
|
|
|
834 |
|
Advance research and development payments |
|
|
(9,117 |
) |
|
|
2,283 |
|
Other non-current liabilities |
|
|
(257 |
) |
|
|
34 |
|
Deferred revenue |
|
|
13,783 |
|
|
|
13,202 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
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Net cash used in operating activities |
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|
(1,182 |
) |
|
|
(2,201 |
) |
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Investing activities: |
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Sales/maturities of short-term investments |
|
|
27,894 |
|
|
|
|
|
Purchases of short-term investments |
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(68,113 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Proceeds from sale of investment |
|
|
|
|
|
|
239 |
|
Purchases of property and equipment |
|
|
(2,068 |
) |
|
|
(2,301 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash used in investing activities |
|
|
(42,287 |
) |
|
|
(2,062 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Financing activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Proceeds from issuance of common stock through employee stock purchase plan |
|
|
358 |
|
|
|
424 |
|
Proceeds from exercise of options |
|
|
1,271 |
|
|
|
2,381 |
|
Line of credit issuance costs |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(375 |
) |
Principal payments on capital leases |
|
|
(31 |
) |
|
|
(91 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash provided by financing activities |
|
|
1,598 |
|
|
|
2,339 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Effect of foreign exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents |
|
|
366 |
|
|
|
62 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents |
|
|
(41,505 |
) |
|
|
(1,862 |
) |
|
Cash and cash equivalents |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Beginning of period |
|
|
115,328 |
|
|
|
46,026 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
End of period |
|
$ |
73,823 |
|
|
$ |
44,164 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash paid for interest |
|
$ |
1,207 |
|
|
$ |
1,977 |
|
Non-cash investing and financing activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Inventory transfers to fixed assets and service inventory |
|
$ |
3,663 |
|
|
$ |
2,990 |
|
Stock issued for 401(k) match |
|
$ |
712 |
|
|
$ |
396 |
|
See accompanying notes
4
CRAY INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
Note 1 Basis of Presentation
In these Notes, Cray Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries are collectively referred to as
the Company. In the opinion of management, the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
and related Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Statements of Cash Flows have been
prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of
America (GAAP) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Rule
10-01 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required
by GAAP for complete financial statements. Management believes that all adjustments (consisting of
normal recurring adjustments) considered necessary for fair presentation have been included.
Interim results are not necessarily indicative of results for a full year. The information included
in this Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with Managements Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations and the financial statements and notes thereto
included in the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006,
as amended (as so amended, the 2006 Form 10-K).
The Companys revenue, results of operations and cash balances are likely to fluctuate
significantly from quarter-to-quarter. These fluctuations are due to such factors as the high
average sales prices and limited number of sales of the Companys products, the timing of purchase
orders and product deliveries, the revenue recognition accounting policy of generally not
recognizing product revenue until customer acceptance and other contractual provisions have been
fulfilled and the timing of payments for product sales, maintenance services, government research
and development funding and purchases of inventory. Given the nature of the Companys business, its
revenue, receivables and other related accounts are likely to be concentrated among a few
customers.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2007, the Company incurred a net loss of $2.1
million and used $1.2 million of cash in operating activities. The Company had $148.8 million of
working capital as of September 30, 2007.
Managements plans project that the Companys current cash resources will be adequate to meet
the Companys liquidity needs for at least the next twelve months. These plans assume sales,
shipment, acceptance and subsequent collections from several large customers, as well as cash
receipts on new bookings. There can be no assurance the Company will be successful in its efforts
to achieve future profitable operations or generate sufficient cash from operations.
Principles of Consolidation
The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Cray Inc.
and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All material intercompany accounts and transactions have been
eliminated.
Reclassifications
Certain prior-period amounts have been reclassified to conform with the current-period
presentation. There has been no impact on previously reported net loss or shareholders equity.
Use of Estimates
Preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make
estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements
and accompanying notes. These estimates are based on managements best knowledge of current events
and actions the Company may undertake in the future. Estimates are used in accounting for, among
other items, fair value determination used in revenue recognition, percentage of completion
accounting, estimates of proportional performance on co-funded engineering contracts, determination
of inventory at the lower of cost or market, useful lives for depreciation and amortization,
determination of future cash flows associated with impairment testing for goodwill and long-lived
5
assets, determination of the fair value of stock options, estimation of restructuring costs,
calculation of deferred income tax assets, potential income tax assessments and other
contingencies. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience, current conditions and on
other assumptions that it believes to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results could
differ from those estimates and assumptions.
Note 2 Summary of New Accounting Policies
Short-term investments
Investments generally mature between three months and two years from the purchase date. Investments
with maturities beyond one year are classified as short-term based on their highly liquid nature
and because such marketable securities are readily convertible into cash which could be used in
current operations. All short-term investments are classified as available-for-sale and are
recorded at fair value, based on quoted market prices; as such, unrealized gains and losses are
reflected in other comprehensive income, pursuant to the requirements of Financial Accounting
Standards Board (FASB) Statement No. 115, Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity
Securities, (FAS 115).
Note 3 Recent Accounting Developments
In June 2007, the Emerging Issues Task Force of the FASB issued EITF Issue No. 07-3,
Accounting for Nonrefundable Advance Payments for Goods or Services to be Used in Future Research
and Development Activities, (EITF 07-3) which is effective for fiscal years beginning after
December 15, 2007. EITF 07-3 requires that nonrefundable advance payments for future research and
development activities be deferred and capitalized. Such amounts will be recognized as an expense
as the goods are delivered or the related services are performed. The Company does not expect the
adoption of EITF 07-3 to have a material impact on the financial results of the Company.
Note 4
Earnings Per Share (EPS)
Basic EPS is computed by dividing net income available to common shareholders by the weighted
average number of common shares, including exchangeable shares but excluding unvested restricted
stock, outstanding during the period. Diluted EPS is computed by dividing net income available to
common shareholders by the weighted average number of common and potential common shares
outstanding during the period, which includes the additional dilution related to conversion of
stock options, unvested restricted stock and common stock purchase warrants as computed under the
treasury stock method and the common shares issuable upon conversion of the outstanding convertible
notes.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and the three and nine months ended September 30,
2006, outstanding stock options, unvested stock grants, warrants and shares issuable upon
conversion of the convertible notes were antidilutive because of net losses and, as such, their
effect has not been included in the calculation of basic or diluted net loss per share. For the
three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2007, potential gross common shares of 10.2
million and 10.9 million, respectively, were antidilutive and not included in computing diluted
EPS. For the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2006, potential gross common shares
of 10.8 million were antidilutive and not included in computing diluted EPS.
Note 5 Comprehensive Income (Loss)
The components of comprehensive income (loss) were as follows (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
Nine Months Ended |
|
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
September
30, |
|
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
Net income (loss) |
|
$ |
5,101 |
|
|
$ |
(8,324 |
) |
|
$ |
(2,124 |
) |
|
$ |
(20,802 |
) |
Unrealized gain (loss) on available-for-sale investments |
|
|
39 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(8 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Cash flow hedges: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net derivative gains (losses) |
|
|
(2,197 |
) |
|
|
105 |
|
|
|
(3,967 |
) |
|
|
105 |
|
Reclassification adjustment to revenue |
|
|
1,029 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,029 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1,168 |
) |
|
|
105 |
|
|
|
(2,938 |
) |
|
|
105 |
|
Foreign currency translation adjustment |
|
|
3,301 |
|
|
|
430 |
|
|
|
7,654 |
|
|
|
2,590 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Comprehensive income (loss) |
|
$ |
7,273 |
|
|
$ |
(7,789 |
) |
|
$ |
2,584 |
|
|
$ |
(18,107 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6
Note 6 Accounts Receivable
Net accounts receivable consisted of the following (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
December 31, |
|
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
Trade accounts receivable |
|
$ |
24,262 |
|
|
$ |
39,417 |
|
Unbilled receivables |
|
|
4,138 |
|
|
|
4,045 |
|
Other receivables |
|
|
4,709 |
|
|
|
349 |
|
Advance billings |
|
|
15,957 |
|
|
|
1,078 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
49,066 |
|
|
|
44,889 |
|
Allowance for doubtful accounts |
|
|
(333 |
) |
|
|
(99 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accounts receivable, net |
|
$ |
48,733 |
|
|
$ |
44,790 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of September 30, 2007, and December 31, 2006, accounts receivable included $21.4 million
and $34.7 million, respectively, due from U.S. government agencies and customers serving the U.S.
government. Of this amount, $3.9 million and $4.0 million was unbilled as of September 30, 2007,
and December 31, 2006, respectively, based upon contractual billing arrangements with these
customers. Other receivables included amounts due from vendors, various foreign government agencies
for value added tax paid and interest on the Companys short-term investments.
The Company makes estimates of allowances for potential future uncollectible amounts related
to current period revenues of products and services. The allowance for doubtful accounts is an
estimate that considers actual facts and circumstances of individual customers and other debtors,
such as financial condition and historical payment trends. Management evaluates the adequacy of the
allowance utilizing a combination of specific identification of potentially problematic accounts
and identification of accounts that have exceeded payment terms.
Note 7 Inventory
Inventory consisted of the following (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
December 31, |
|
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
Components and subassemblies |
|
$ |
24,646 |
|
|
$ |
22,536 |
|
Work in process |
|
|
17,314 |
|
|
|
15,310 |
|
Finished goods |
|
|
30,378 |
|
|
|
20,952 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
72,338 |
|
|
$ |
58,798 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
At both September 30, 2007, and December 31, 2006, the majority of finished goods inventory
was located at customer sites pending acceptance.
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, the Company wrote off $265,000 and
$422,000 of inventory, respectively, and during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2006,
the Company wrote off $423,000 and $806,000 of inventory, respectively, primarily related in all such periods to scrap,
excess or obsolete inventory of the Cray XT3 and Cray XD1 products, which the Company has phased
out.
Note 8 Deferred Revenue
Deferred revenue consisted of the following (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
December 31, |
|
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
Deferred product revenue |
|
$ |
32,349 |
|
|
$ |
26,993 |
|
Deferred service revenue |
|
|
28,360 |
|
|
|
18,730 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total deferred revenue |
|
|
60,709 |
|
|
|
45,723 |
|
Less long-term deferred revenue |
|
|
(11,117 |
) |
|
|
(2,475 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Deferred revenue in current liabilities |
|
$ |
49,592 |
|
|
$ |
43,248 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
7
As of September 30, 2007, three customers accounted for 71% of total deferred revenue. As of
December 31, 2006, one customer accounted for 42% of total deferred revenue.
Note 9 Restructuring and Severance Charges
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2006, the Company recognized
restructuring and severance charges of $3,000 and $1.3 million, respectively, all of which
originated from actions arising during 2005; there were no new actions taken during 2006 or 2007.
The current portion of restructuring and severance liability is included within Accrued
payroll and related expenses on the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The
liability activity related to restructuring for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006
was as follows (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nine Months Ended |
|
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
Balance, January 1 |
|
$ |
1,063 |
|
|
$ |
3,582 |
|
Payments |
|
|
(285 |
) |
|
|
(1,429 |
) |
Adjustments to previously accrued amounts |
|
|
10 |
|
|
|
107 |
|
Current period charges |
|
|
|
|
|
|
631 |
|
Foreign currency translation adjustment |
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
36 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total liability balance, March 31 |
|
|
790 |
|
|
|
2,927 |
|
Payments |
|
|
(116 |
) |
|
|
(723 |
) |
Adjustments to previously accrued amounts |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(3 |
) |
Current period charges |
|
|
|
|
|
|
552 |
|
Foreign currency translation adjustment |
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
42 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total liability balance, June 30 |
|
|
675 |
|
|
|
2,795 |
|
Payments |
|
|
(161 |
) |
|
|
(1,496 |
) |
Adjustments to previously accrued amounts |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(99 |
) |
Current period charges |
|
|
|
|
|
|
102 |
|
Foreign currency translation adjustment |
|
|
5 |
|
|
|
11 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total liability balance, September 30 |
|
|
519 |
|
|
|
1,313 |
|
Less long-term restructuring and severance liability |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(91 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current restructuring and severance liability |
|
$ |
519 |
|
|
$ |
1,222 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Note 10 Share-Based Compensation
The Company accounts for its share-based compensation under the provisions of FASB Statement
No. 123(R), Share-Based Payment, (FAS 123R).
The fair value of unvested stock grants is based on the price of a share of the Companys
common stock on the date of grant. However, in determining the fair value of stock options, the
Company uses the Black-Scholes option pricing model that employs the following key assumptions:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
Nine Months Ended |
|
|
September 30, |
|
September 30, |
|
|
2007 |
|
2006 |
|
2007 |
|
2006 |
Risk-free interest rate |
|
|
4.4 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.5 |
% |
|
|
4.6 |
% |
Expected dividend yield |
|
|
0 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
% |
|
|
0 |
% |
Volatility |
|
|
72 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
73 |
% |
|
|
64 |
% |
Expected life |
|
4.0 years |
|
|
|
|
|
4.0 years |
|
4.3 years |
Weighted average |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Black-Scholes value of options granted |
|
$ |
4.13 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
5.42 |
|
|
$ |
4.43 |
|
The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of
grant. The Company does not anticipate declaring dividends in the foreseeable future. Volatility is
based on adjusted historical data. The expected term of an option is based on the assumption that
options will be exercised, on average, about two years after vesting occurs. FAS 123R also requires
that the Company recognize compensation expense for only the portion
8
of options or stock units that are expected to vest. Therefore, management applies an
estimated forfeiture rate that is derived from historical employee termination data and adjusted
for expected future employee turnover rates. The estimated forfeiture rate for the three and nine
month periods ended September 30, 2007 was 10% and 9.4%, respectively, and 10% for the nine month
period ended September 30, 2006. If the actual number of forfeitures differs from those estimated
by management, additional adjustments to compensation expense may be required in future periods.
The Companys stock price volatility, option lives and expected forfeiture rates involve
managements best estimates at the time of such determination, all of which impact the fair value
of the option calculated under the Black-Scholes methodology and, ultimately, the expense that will
be recognized over the life of the option. The Company typically issues stock options with a
four-year vesting period (defined by FAS 123R as the requisite service period). The Company
amortizes stock compensation cost ratably over the requisite service period.
The Company also
has an employee stock purchase plan (ESPP) which allows employees to
purchase shares of the Companys common stock at 95% of fair market value on the fourth business
day after the end of each offering period. The ESPP is deemed non-compensatory and therefore is not
subject to the provisions of FAS 123R.
The following
table sets forth the share-based compensation cost resulting from stock options
and unvested stock grants that was recorded in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations
for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006 (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
Nine Months Ended |
|
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
Cost of product revenue |
|
$ |
14 |
|
|
$ |
15 |
|
|
$ |
69 |
|
|
$ |
44 |
|
Cost of service revenue |
|
|
22 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
109 |
|
|
|
|
|
Research and development, net |
|
|
185 |
|
|
|
101 |
|
|
|
829 |
|
|
|
287 |
|
Sales and marketing |
|
|
87 |
|
|
|
106 |
|
|
|
360 |
|
|
|
317 |
|
General and administrative |
|
|
294 |
|
|
|
318 |
|
|
|
1,207 |
|
|
|
891 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
602 |
|
|
$ |
540 |
|
|
$ |
2,574 |
|
|
$ |
1,539 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A summary
of the Companys year-to-date stock option activity and related information follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted |
|
Average |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Average |
|
Remaining |
|
Aggregate |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercise |
|
Contractual |
|
Intrinsic |
|
|
Options |
|
Price |
|
Term |
|
Value |
Outstanding at December 31, 2006 |
|
|
3,867,415 |
|
|
$ |
14.68 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Grants |
|
|
40,000 |
|
|
|
9.25 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercises |
|
|
(162,814 |
) |
|
|
7.81 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cancellations |
|
|
(187,869 |
) |
|
|
20.05 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Outstanding at September 30, 2007 |
|
|
3,556,732 |
|
|
$ |
14.65 |
|
|
6.1 years |
|
$ |
1,031,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercisable at September 30, 2007 |
|
|
2,829,152 |
|
|
$ |
15.74 |
|
|
5.3 years |
|
$ |
1,025,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Available for grant at September 30, 2007 |
|
|
2,406,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The aggregate intrinsic value in the table above represents the total pretax intrinsic value
for all in-the-money options (i.e., the difference between the Companys closing stock price on
the last trading day of its third quarter of 2007 and the exercise price, multiplied by the number
of shares) that would have been received by the option holders had all option holders exercised
their options on September 30, 2007. This amount changes, based on the fair market value of the
Companys stock. Total intrinsic value of options exercised was $884,000 for the nine months ended
September 30, 2007.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2007, 55,501 shares of unvested restricted stock were
granted by the Company and restrictions lapsed on an aggregate of 524,463 shares, respectively, of
formerly restricted stock. As of September 30, 2007, unvested restricted shares totaled 377,281.
As of September 30, 2007 and 2006, the Company had $6.6 million and $1.9 million,
respectively, of total unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested stock options and
unvested stock grants, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 3.1
years and 1.0 years, respectively.
9
Note 11 Taxes
The Company recorded a tax provision of $228,000 and $953,000 for the three and nine months
ended September 30, 2007, respectively, and $267,000 and $748,000 for the three and nine month
periods ended September 30, 2006, respectively. The expense recorded for both three and nine month
periods was related to foreign and state income taxes payable.
In June 2006, the FASB issued its Interpretation No. 48 Accounting for Uncertainty in Income
Taxes an interpretation of FASB Statement 109 (FIN 48). FIN 48 establishes a single model to
address accounting for uncertain tax positions. FIN 48 clarifies the accounting for income taxes by
prescribing a minimum recognition threshold a tax position is required to meet before being
recognized in the financial statements. FIN 48 also provides guidance on derecognition,
measurement, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure and
transition. The Company was subject to the provisions of FIN 48 as of January 1, 2007, and has
analyzed its filing positions in all of the federal, state, and international jurisdictions where
it, or its wholly-owned subsidiaries, are required to file income tax returns, as well as all open
tax years in these jurisdictions. Except for the tax years 2003 through 2005 with respect to the
Companys wholly-owned subsidiary in Spain and the 2005 tax year with respect to the Companys
wholly-owned subsidiary in Taiwan, no open periods in any jurisdiction are currently under audit.
There was no financial statement impact from the adoption of FIN 48. As of January 1, 2007,
the Company had recorded approximately $500,000 in liabilities related to unrecognized tax benefits
for uncertain income tax positions. Recognition of these tax benefits would reduce the Companys
effective tax rate. There have been no significant changes to these amounts during the three and
nine month periods ended September 30, 2007. Estimated interest and penalties are recorded as a
component of interest expense and other expense, respectively. Such amounts were not material as of
January 1, 2007 and September 30, 2007.
Note 12 Geographic Segment Information
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 131, Disclosure about Segments of an
Enterprise and Related Information (SFAS 131), establishes standards for reporting information
about operating segments and for related disclosures about products, services and geographic areas.
Operating segments are identified as components of an enterprise about which separate discrete
financial information is available for evaluation by the chief operating decision-maker, or
decision-making group, in making decisions regarding allocation of resources and assessing
performance. Crays chief decision-maker, as defined under SFAS 131, is the Chief Executive
Officer. The Company continues to operate in a single operating segment.
The Companys geographic operations outside the United States include sales and service
offices in Canada, Europe, the Middle East, Japan, Australia, Korea and Taiwan. The following data
presents the Companys revenue for the United States and all other countries, which is determined
based upon a customers geographic location (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
United States |
|
|
Other Countries |
|
|
Total |
|
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
Three months ended September 30, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Product revenue |
|
$ |
6,086 |
|
|
$ |
13,735 |
|
|
$ |
36,656 |
|
|
$ |
5,339 |
|
|
$ |
42,742 |
|
|
$ |
19,074 |
|
Service revenue |
|
|
7,421 |
|
|
|
9,411 |
|
|
|
4,826 |
|
|
|
4,080 |
|
|
|
12,247 |
|
|
|
13,491 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total revenue |
|
$ |
13,507 |
|
|
$ |
23,146 |
|
|
$ |
41,482 |
|
|
$ |
9,419 |
|
|
$ |
54,989 |
|
|
$ |
32,565 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
Nine months ended September 30, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Product revenue |
|
$ |
40,626 |
|
|
$ |
59,008 |
|
|
$ |
49,565 |
|
|
$ |
18,982 |
|
|
$ |
90,191 |
|
|
$ |
77,990 |
|
Service revenue |
|
|
23,849 |
|
|
|
29,846 |
|
|
|
14,683 |
|
|
|
11,757 |
|
|
|
38,532 |
|
|
|
41,603 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total revenue |
|
$ |
64,475 |
|
|
$ |
88,854 |
|
|
$ |
64,248 |
|
|
$ |
30,739 |
|
|
$ |
128,723 |
|
|
$ |
119,593 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10
Product and service revenue from U.S. government agencies and customers primarily serving the
U.S. government totaled approximately $11.9 million and $62.2 million for the three and nine months
ended September 30, 2007, compared to approximately $22.5 million and $81.0 million, respectively,
for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2006.
There has been no material change in the balances of long-lived assets, except for the impact
of foreign currency translation on goodwill.
Note 13 Foreign Currency Derivatives
As of September 30, 2007, the Company has outstanding forward contracts which have been
designated as cash flow hedges of anticipated future cash receipts on sales contracts payable in
foreign currencies (British pound sterling, Euro and Norwegian Kroner) and value added tax receipts
denominated in British pound sterling. These contracts hedge foreign currency exposure of
approximately $72.3 million. The associated cash receipts are expected to be received between the
end of 2007 and 2009.
As of September 30, 2007, the fair value of outstanding contracts totaled a loss of $2.3
million and unrecognized losses on the forward contracts have been recorded to Accumulated other
comprehensive income on the Companys Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet in the amount of $2.9
million. During the three months ended September 30, 2007, the Company reclassified approximately
$1.0 million of losses from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income to a reduction of product
revenue. During the first quarter of 2007, prior to one of the forward
contracts designation as an effective cash flow hedge, the Company recorded a gain of
approximately $370,000 to Other income on its Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.
Note 14 Red Storm Project Loss Accrual
During the three month period ended September 30, 2007, the Companys estimate of the costs to
complete the Red Storm project increased by $1.8 million related to additional costs required to
meet certain contractual requirements, of which $1.5 million remains
outstanding as of
September 30, 2007 and is included in Other accrued liabilities
in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet. As of September 30, 2007,
cumulative losses on this contract totaled $17.1 million. The $1.8 million charge was recorded as a component of cost
of product sales and had the effect to reduce basic and diluted earnings per share for the three
months ended September 30, 2007 by $.06 per share and to increase basic and diluted loss per share
for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 by $.06 per share.
11
Item 2. Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Preliminary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
The information set forth in Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and
Results of Operations below contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and
uncertainties, as well as assumptions that, if they never materialize or prove incorrect, could
cause our actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied by such
forward-looking statements. All statements other than statements of historical fact are statements
that could be deemed forward-looking statements, including any projections of earnings, revenue or
other financial items; any statements of the plans, strategies and objectives of management for
future operations; any statements concerning proposed new products, services or developments; any
statements regarding future economic conditions or performance; statements of belief and any
statement of assumptions underlying any of the foregoing. We assume no obligation to update these
forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are subject to the safe harbor created
by Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934. Factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those
expressed or implied in the forward-looking statements are set forth in the discussion under Item
1A. Risk Factors in Part II of this Report. The following discussion should also be read in
conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying Notes thereto in our 2006
Form 10-K and the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying Notes thereto in
this Report.
Overview and Executive Summary
We design, develop, manufacture, market and service high performance computing (HPC)
systems, commonly known as supercomputers. Our supercomputer systems provide capability, capacity
and sustained performance far beyond typical server-based computer systems and address challenging
scientific and engineering computing problems.
We believe we are well-positioned to meet the HPC markets demanding needs by providing
superior supercomputer systems with performance and cost advantages when sustained performance on
challenging applications and total cost of ownership are taken into account. We differentiate
ourselves from our competitors primarily by concentrating our research and development efforts on
the processing, interconnect and system capabilities that enable our supercomputers to scale that
is, to continue to increase performance as they grow in size. In addition, we have demonstrated
expertise in the four primary processor technologies. Purpose-built for the supercomputer market,
our systems balance highly capable processors, highly scalable system software and very high speed
interconnect and communications capabilities.
Summary of First Nine Months of 2007 Results
Total revenue for the first nine months of 2007 increased by $9.1 million or 8% compared to
the first nine months of 2006 principally due to a period-over-period sales increase in Cray XT3
and Cray XT4 systems offset by a $19 million decrease in revenue recognized in 2006 on low margin
DARPA Phase II and Red Storm projects.
Loss from operations was $4.7 million for the first nine months of 2007 compared to a loss
from operations of $16.4 million for the same period in 2006 due to improved product gross margins
and a decrease in operating expenses.
Net cash used by operations for the first nine months of 2007 was $1.2 million compared to a
use of cash of $2.2 million for the first nine months of 2006. Cash and cash equivalents,
restricted cash and short-term investments totaled $139.7 million and $140.3 million, respectively,
as of September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006.
12
Market Overview and Challenges
In recent years the most significant trend in the HPC market has been the continuing expansion
and acceptance of low-bandwidth cluster systems using processors manufactured by Intel, AMD, IBM
and others with commercially available commodity networking and other components throughout the HPC
market, especially in capacity computing situations. These systems may offer higher theoretical
peak performance for equivalent cost, and vendors of such systems often put pricing pressure on us
in competitive procurements, even at times in capability market procurements.
In the capability market and in large capacity procurements in the enterprise market, the use
of commodity processors, networking components and communication software is resulting in
increasing data transfer bottlenecks as these components do not balance faster processor speeds
with network communication capability. With the arrival of dual and quad-core processors, these
unbalanced systems have even lower productivity, especially in larger systems running more complex
applications, a trend that is likely to increase with the arrival of ever larger multi-core
processors in future years. In response, vendors have begun to augment standard microprocessors
with other processor types in order to solve complex problems faster. In addition, with increasing
numbers of multi-core processors, large computer systems use progressively higher amounts of power
to operate and require special cooling capabilities.
We believe we are well-positioned to meet the markets demanding needs, as we concentrate our
research and development efforts on the processing, interconnect, communication, system software
and packaging capabilities that enable our supercomputers to scale that is, to continue to
increase performance as, purpose built for the supercomputer market, they grow in size. We have
demonstrated expertise in the four primary processor technologies. Our experience and
capabilities across each of these fronts are becoming ever more important, especially in larger
procurements. We expect to be in an advantageous position as larger multi-core processors become
available and as multiple processing technologies become integrated into single systems.
Nevertheless, to compete against cluster systems in the longer term, we also need to
incorporate greater performance differentiation across our products. We believe we will have such
differentiation through our new vector-based product being developed in our BlackWidow project and
our new multithreaded Cray XMT system. These products, which focus initially on a narrower market
than our commodity processor products, are expected to be generally available in 2008. One of our
challenges is to broaden the markets for these products. In addition, we must add greater
performance differentiation to our high-bandwidth, massively parallel commodity processor-based
products, such as our Cray XT4 and successor systems, including our Baker systems. While increasing
performance differentiation, we must balance the business strategy trade-offs between using
commodity parts, which are available to our competitors, and proprietary components, which are both
expensive and time-consuming to develop but provide customers with higher levels of performance and
capability.
Our Strategy
Our goal is to become the leading provider of supercomputers in the markets that we target.
Key elements of our strategy include:
Gain Share in Our Core HPC Market. We intend to leverage our strong product portfolio, product
roadmap and brand recognition in the high end of the HPC market to gain market share. We believe
that most of our competitors are primarily focused on the lower end of the HPC market where
low-bandwidth cluster systems dominate. We plan to remain focused on the capability and enterprise
segments of the HPC market.
Maintain Focus on Execution and Profitability. We are committed to achieving sustained
profitability on an annual basis. We intend to continue to refine our product roadmap, converge our
technologies and development processes, improve our ability to deliver high quality products on
time and on budget and continue our commitment to financial discipline.
Extend Technology Leadership. We are an innovation driven company in a technology driven
market. We plan to maintain a technology leadership position by investing in research and
development and partnering with key customers with interests aligned strongly with ours. We will
rely in part on government funding for our research and
13
development efforts. We intend to execute on our product roadmap, supporting multiple processing technologies within single, highly scalable
systems.
Expand Total Addressable Market. Over time, we intend to leverage our technologies, customer
base and Cray brand in new segments and expand our addressable market. We believe we have the
opportunity to compete in a broader portion of the HPC market as well as selective markets outside
of HPC.
Key Performance Indicators
Our management monitors and analyzes several key performance indicators in order to manage our
business and evaluate our financial and operating performance, including:
Revenue. Product revenue generally constitutes the major portion of our revenue in any
reporting period and, for the reasons discussed elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, is
subject to significant variability from period to period. In the short term, we closely review the
status of product shipments, installations and acceptances in order to forecast revenue and cash
receipts; longer-term, we monitor the status of the pipeline of product sales opportunities and
product development cycles. Revenue growth is the best indicator of whether we are achieving our
objective of increased market share in the markets we address. Our new products scheduled for 2007
and 2008 and our longer-term roadmap are efforts to increase product revenue. Service revenue is
more constant in the short run and assists, in part, to offset the impact that the variability in
product revenue has on total revenue.
Gross margins. Our total gross margin and our product gross margin for the first nine months
of 2007 were 38% and 36%, respectively. The high product gross margin in the third quarter of 2007
was driven by favorable gross margin on a small number of transactions, including a large foreign
transaction. While we do not expect to consistently achieve the third quarter product gross margin
levels, to be successful, we need to achieve product gross margins above 2005 and 2006 levels,
which we believe is best achieved through increased product differentiation. We also monitor
service margins and have been proactive in reducing service costs where possible.
Operating expenses. Our operating expenses are driven largely by headcount, contracted
research and development services and the level of recognized co-funded research and development.
As part of our ongoing efforts to control operating expenses, we monitor headcount levels in
specific geographic and operational areas. During 2006 we received increased levels of co-funding
for our research and development projects. Our November 2006 DARPA Phase III award is in line with
our long-term development path. This award likely will result in potentially large increases in
gross and net research and development expenditures by us in future periods due to the size of the
overall program and the cost-sharing requirement on our part. Our operating expenses for the first
nine months of 2007 were approximately $1.4 million less than the first nine months of 2006, with
higher net research and development expenses in the first nine months of 2007 due to lower amounts
recognized from government co-funding arrangements offset by lower general and administrative and
restructuring and severance expenses.
Liquidity and cash flows. Due to the variability in product revenue, our cash position also
varies from quarter to quarter and within a quarter. We closely monitor our expected cash levels,
particularly in light of potential increased inventory purchases for large system installations and
the risk of delays in product shipments and acceptances and, longer-term, in product development.
Sustained profitability over annual periods is our primary objective, which should improve our cash
position and shareholder value.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
This discussion, as well as disclosures included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form
10-Q, is based upon our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance
with GAAP. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and
judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses, and
related disclosure of contingencies. In preparing our financial statements in accordance with GAAP,
there are certain accounting policies that are particularly important. These include revenue
recognition, inventory valuation, goodwill, accounting for income taxes, accounting for loss
contracts, research and development expenses and share-based compensation. Our relevant accounting
policies are set forth in Note 3 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in our 2006 Form
10-K and should be reviewed in conjunction with the
14
accompanying condensed consolidated financial
statements and notes thereto as of September 30, 2007, as they are integral to understanding our
results of operations and financial condition in this interim period. In some cases, these policies
represent required accounting. In other cases, they may represent a choice between acceptable
accounting methods or may require substantial judgment or estimation.
Additionally, we consider certain judgments and estimates to be significant, including those
relating to the fair value determination used in revenue recognition, estimates of proportional
performance on co-funded engineering contracts, percentage of completion accounting, determination
of inventory at the lower of cost or market, useful lives for depreciation and amortization,
determination of future cash flows associated with impairment testing for goodwill and long-lived
assets, determination of the fair value of stock options, estimation of restructuring costs,
calculation of deferred income tax assets, potential income tax assessments and other
contingencies. We base our estimates on historical experience, current conditions and on other
assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results may differ
from these estimates and assumptions.
Our management has discussed the selection of significant accounting policies and the effect
of judgments and estimates with the Audit Committee of our Board of Directors.
Revenue Recognition
We recognize revenue when it is realized or realizable and earned. In accordance with the
Securities and Exchange Commission Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB) No. 104, Revenue Recognition
in Financial Statements, we consider revenue realized or realizable and earned when we have
persuasive evidence of an arrangement, the product has been shipped or the services have been
provided to our customer, the sales price is fixed or determinable, no significant unfulfilled
obligations exist and collectibility is reasonably assured. We record revenue in our Consolidated
Statements of Operations net of any sales, use, value added or certain excise taxes imposed by
governmental authorities on specific sales transactions. In addition to the aforementioned general
policy, the following are our statements of policy with regard to multiple-element arrangements and
specific revenue recognition policies for each major category of revenue.
Multiple-Element Arrangements. We commonly enter into transactions that include
multiple-element arrangements, which may include any combination of hardware, maintenance and other
services. In accordance with Emerging Issues Task Force Issue No. 00-21, Revenue Arrangements with
Multiple Deliverables, when some elements are delivered prior to others in an arrangement and all
of the following criteria are met, revenue for the delivered element is recognized upon delivery
and acceptance of such item:
|
|
|
The element could be sold separately; |
|
|
|
|
The fair value of the undelivered element is established; and |
|
|
|
|
In cases with any general right of return, our performance with respect to any
undelivered element is within our control and probable. |
If all of the criteria are not met, revenue is deferred until delivery of the last element as
the elements would not be considered a separate unit of accounting and revenue would be recognized
as described below under our product or service revenue recognition policies. We consider the
maintenance period to commence upon acceptance of the product, which may include a warranty period
and accordingly allocate a portion of the sales price as a separate deliverable which is recognized
as service revenue over the entire service period.
Products. We recognize revenue from product sales upon customer acceptance of the system, when
we have no significant unfulfilled obligations stipulated by the contract that affect the
customers final acceptance, the price is fixed or determinable and collection is reasonably
assured. A customer-signed notice of acceptance or similar document is typically required from the
customer prior to revenue recognition.
DARPA Phase II and Red Storm Project Revenue. Revenue from contracts that require us to
design, develop, manufacture or modify complex information technology systems to a customers
specifications is recognized using the percentage of completion method for long-term development
projects under American Institute of Certified
15
Public Accountants (AICPA) Statement of Position
81-1, Accounting for Performance of Construction-Type and Certain Production-Type Contracts.
Percentage of completion is measured based on the ratio of costs incurred to date compared to the
total estimated costs. Total estimated costs are based on several factors, including estimated
labor hours to complete certain tasks and the estimated cost of purchased components or services.
Estimates may need to be adjusted from quarter to quarter, which would impact revenue and margins
on a cumulative basis. To the extent the estimate of total costs to complete the contract indicates
a loss, such amount is recognized in full in the period that the determination is made. Revenue
from these arrangements was included in Product Revenue on our accompanying Condensed Consolidated
Statements of Operations for the first nine months of 2006. Funding under DARPA Phase III, however,
was reflected as reimbursed research and development expense, and as such was deducted to arrive at
net research and development expenses as recorded on our Condensed Consolidated Statements of
Operations for the first nine months of 2007.
Services. Maintenance services are provided under separate maintenance contracts with our
customers. These contracts generally provide for maintenance services for one year, although some
are for multi-year periods, often with prepayments for the term of the contract. We consider the
maintenance period to commence upon acceptance of the product, which may include a warranty period.
We allocate a portion of the sales price to maintenance service revenue based on estimates of fair
value. Revenue for the maintenance of computers is recognized ratably over the term of the
maintenance contract. Maintenance contracts that are paid in advance are recorded as deferred
revenue. We consider fiscal funding clauses as contingencies for the recognition of revenue until
the funding is virtually assured. Revenue from Cray Technical Services is recognized as the
services are rendered.
Inventory Valuation
We record our inventory at the lower of cost or market. We regularly evaluate the
technological usefulness and anticipated future demand of our inventory components. Due to rapid
changes in technology and the increasing demands of our customers, we are continually developing
new products. Additionally, during periods of product or inventory component upgrades or
transitions, we may acquire significant quantities of inventory to support estimated current and
future production and service requirements. As a result, it is possible that older inventory items
we have purchased may become obsolete, be sold below cost or be deemed in excess of quantities
required for production or service requirements. When we determine it is not likely we will recover
the cost of inventory items through future sales, we write down the related inventory to our
estimate of its market value. We are nearing the end of the life cycle for the Cray X1E, Cray XT3
and Cray XD1 systems and have made certain estimates of the future demand for these products. These
estimates are subject to risk in the near term and could require a write-down of inventory if the
actual demand is lower than currently estimated. Additionally, we have placed last-time buy orders
for a key inventory component for our Cray XT4 and Cray XMT systems and our BlackWidow project and
have received inventory under these orders.
Because the products we sell have high average sales prices and because a high number of our
prospective customers receive funding from U.S. or foreign governments, it is difficult to estimate
future sales of our products and the timing of such sales. It also is difficult to determine
whether the cost of our inventories will ultimately be recovered through future sales. While we
believe our inventory is stated at the lower of cost or market and that our estimates and
assumptions to determine any adjustments to the cost of our inventories are reasonable, our
estimates may prove to be inaccurate. We have sold inventory previously reduced in part or in whole
to zero, and we may have future sales of previously written down inventory. We also may have
additional expense to write down inventory to its estimated market value. Adjustments to these
estimates in the future may materially impact our operating results.
16
Goodwill
Approximately 18% of our total assets as of September 30, 2007 consisted of goodwill resulting
from our acquisition of the Cray Research business unit assets from Silicon Graphics, Inc. (SGI)
in 2000 and our acquisition of OctigaBay Systems Corporation in April 2004. We no longer amortize
goodwill associated with the acquisitions, but we are required to conduct ongoing analyses of the
recorded amount of goodwill in comparison to its estimated fair value. We currently have one
operating segment and reporting unit. As such, we evaluate any potential goodwill impairment by
comparing our net assets against the market value of our outstanding shares of common stock. We
performed an annual impairment test effective January 1, 2007, and determined that our recorded
goodwill was not impaired.
The analysis of whether the fair value of recorded goodwill is impaired and the number and
nature of our reporting units involves a substantial amount of judgment. Future charges related to
the amounts recorded for goodwill could be material depending on future developments and changes in
technology and our business.
Accounting for Income Taxes
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on differences between financial
reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards
and are measured using the enacted tax rates and laws that will be in effect when the differences
and carryforwards are expected to be recovered or settled. In accordance with Statement of
Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 109, Accounting for Income Taxes, a valuation allowance
for deferred tax assets is provided when we estimate that it is more likely than not that all or a
portion of the deferred tax assets may not be realized through future operations. This assessment
is based upon consideration of available positive and negative evidence, which includes, among
other things, our most recent results of operations and expected future profitability. We consider
our actual historical results to have stronger weight than other more subjective indicators when
considering whether to establish or reduce a valuation allowance on deferred tax assets. As of
September 30, 2007, we had approximately $143.2 million of deferred tax assets, of which $142.4
million was fully reserved. The net deferred tax assets were generated in foreign jurisdictions
where we believe it is more likely than not that we will realize these assets through future
operations.
On January 1, 2007, we implemented the provisions of FIN 48. FIN 48 clarifies the accounting
for uncertainty in income taxes and prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attribute
for the financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be
taken in a tax return. The adoption of FIN 48 did not have a material impact on our financial
position.
Accounting for Loss Contracts
In accordance with our revenue recognition policy, certain production contracts are accounted
for using the percentage of completion accounting method. We recognize revenue based on a
measurement of completion comparing the ratio of costs incurred to date with total estimated costs
multiplied by the contract value. Inherent in these estimates are uncertainties about the total
cost to complete the project. If the estimate to complete results in a loss on the contract, we
will record the amount of the estimated loss in the period the determination is made. On a regular
basis, we update our estimates of total costs. Changes to the estimate may result in a charge or
benefit to operations. During the third quarter of 2007, we increased our estimate of the future
costs expected to be incurred on the Red Storm contract and recorded an additional loss of $1.8
million. As of September 30, 2007, the cumulative loss on this contract totaled $17.1 million.
Research and Development Expenses
Research and development costs include costs incurred in the development and production of our
hardware and software, costs incurred to enhance and support existing software features and
expenses related to future product development. Research and development costs are expensed as
incurred, and may be offset by co-funding from the U.S. government.
17
Amounts to be received under co-funding arrangements with the U.S. government are based on
either contractual milestones or costs incurred. These co-funding milestone payments are recognized
in operations as performance is estimated to be completed and are measured as milestone
achievements occur or as costs are incurred. In 2006, certain of these co-funding payments were
recognized as product revenue. See Revenue Recognition DARPA Phase II and Red Storm Project
Revenue above.
We do not record a receivable from the U.S. government prior to completing the requirements
necessary to bill for a milestone or cost reimbursement. Funding from the U.S. government is
subject to certain budget restrictions and as such, there may be periods in which research and
development costs are expensed as incurred for which no reimbursement is recorded, as milestones
have not been completed or the U.S. government has not funded an agreement.
We classify amounts to be received from funded research and development projects as either
revenue or a reduction to research and development expense, based on the specific facts and
circumstances of the contractual arrangement, considering total costs expected to be incurred
compared to total expected funding and the nature of the research and development contractual
arrangement. In the event that a particular arrangement is determined to represent revenue, the
corresponding research and development costs are classified as cost of revenue.
Share-based Compensation
We account for share-based compensation in accordance with the provisions of FAS 123R.
Estimates of fair value of stock options are based upon the Black-Scholes option pricing model. We
utilize assumptions related to stock price volatility, stock option term and forfeiture rates that
are based upon both historical factors as well as managements judgment.
Results of Operations
Revenue and Gross Margins
Our revenue, cost of revenue and gross margin for the three and nine months ended September
30, 2007 and 2006 were (in thousands, except for percentages):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
Nine Months Ended |
|
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
Product revenue |
|
$ |
42,742 |
|
|
$ |
19,074 |
|
|
$ |
90,191 |
|
|
$ |
77,990 |
|
Less: Cost of product revenue |
|
|
25,618 |
|
|
|
13,927 |
|
|
|
57,422 |
|
|
|
58,703 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Product gross margin |
|
$ |
17,124 |
|
|
$ |
5,147 |
|
|
$ |
32,769 |
|
|
$ |
19,287 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Product gross margin percentage |
|
|
40 |
% |
|
|
27 |
% |
|
|
36 |
% |
|
|
25 |
% |
|
Service revenue |
|
$ |
12,247 |
|
|
$ |
13,491 |
|
|
$ |
38,532 |
|
|
$ |
41,603 |
|
Less: Cost of service revenue |
|
|
7,222 |
|
|
|
7,242 |
|
|
|
22,880 |
|
|
|
22,836 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Service gross margin |
|
$ |
5,025 |
|
|
$ |
6,249 |
|
|
$ |
15,652 |
|
|
$ |
18,767 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Service gross margin percentage |
|
|
41 |
% |
|
|
46 |
% |
|
|
41 |
% |
|
|
45 |
% |
|
Total revenue |
|
$ |
54,989 |
|
|
$ |
32,565 |
|
|
$ |
128,723 |
|
|
$ |
119,593 |
|
Less: Total cost of revenue |
|
|
32,840 |
|
|
|
21,169 |
|
|
|
80,302 |
|
|
|
81,539 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total gross margin |
|
$ |
22,149 |
|
|
$ |
11,396 |
|
|
$ |
48,421 |
|
|
$ |
38,054 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total gross margin percentage |
|
|
40 |
% |
|
|
35 |
% |
|
|
38 |
% |
|
|
32 |
% |
Product revenue for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, consisted of $42.7
million and $90.2 million, respectively, primarily from Cray XT4 systems, Cray XT3 systems, Cray
XD1 systems, Cray X1E systems and other products and no revenue in either period from our Red Storm
and DARPA Phase II development projects. Product revenue for the three and nine months ended
September 30, 2006, consisted of $17.8 million and $58.9 million, respectively, from Cray XT3
systems, Cray XD1 systems, Cray X1/X1E systems and other products, and $1.3 million and $19.1
million, respectively, from our Red Storm and DARPA Phase II development projects.
18
We anticipate that total revenue for 2007 likely will be below $190 million. For 2008, while
a wide range of potential outcomes exist, we expect improved total revenue over 2007. We
anticipate initial revenue from quad-core Cray XT4 and BlackWidow systems in the first half of
2008, potentially in the first quarter, and initial Cray XMT system revenue by mid-2008.
Service Revenue
Service revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2007, was $12.2 million, a $1.2
million decrease from the same period in 2006 due to the termination of certain service contracts
on older systems and lower Cray Technical Services revenue. Service revenue for the nine months
ended September 30, 2007, decreased $3.1 million over the same period in 2006 for the same reasons.
Our overall service revenue will decline in 2007 from 2006 levels due to lower maintenance and
Technical Service revenue. While we expect our maintenance service revenue to stabilize over the
next year, we may have periodic revenue and margin declines as our older, higher margin service
contracts end. Our newer products will likely require less hardware maintenance and therefore
generate less maintenance revenue than our historic vector systems.
Product Gross Margin
Product gross margin improved 13 percentage points to 40% for the three month period ended
September 30, 2007, compared to the same period in 2006 and 11 percentage points to 36% for the
nine month period ended September 30, 2007, compared to the same period in 2006. These improvements
in product gross margin were due to increased margins across all product lines offset in part by an
additional $1.8 million loss accrual recorded on the Red Storm project in the third quarter of
2007. Product gross margins for both periods of 2006 were negatively impacted by low margin
development project revenue. If the effects of the low-margin development project revenue were
excluded, adjusted product margins for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2006
would have been approximately 31% in each period.
We expect product gross margins to increase in 2007 as compared to 2006, although the fourth
quarter 2007 gross margin is expected to be lower than third quarter 2007 levels, with 2008 product
gross margins to be consistent with 2007 levels.
Service Gross Margin
Service gross margin for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2007, was lower
than the respective 2006 periods due to lower revenue coupled with comparable cost of service in
both periods. Service gross margin percentage for 2007 is expected to decrease somewhat from 2006
levels, with 2008 service gross margins to be consistent with 2007 results.
Research and Development Expenses
Our research and development expenses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007
and 2006, were (in thousands, except for percentages):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
Nine Months Ended |
|
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
Gross research and development expenses |
|
$ |
23,730 |
|
|
$ |
24,095 |
|
|
$ |
67,913 |
|
|
$ |
76,303 |
|
Less: Amounts included in cost of product revenue |
|
|
(176 |
) |
|
|
(1,546 |
) |
|
|
(641 |
) |
|
|
(16,658 |
) |
Less: Reimbursed research and development
(excludes amounts in revenue) |
|
|
(14,487 |
) |
|
|
(12,857 |
) |
|
|
(41,466 |
) |
|
|
(36,367 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net research and development expenses |
|
$ |
9,067 |
|
|
$ |
9,692 |
|
|
$ |
25,806 |
|
|
$ |
23,278 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Percentage of total revenue |
|
|
16 |
% |
|
|
30 |
% |
|
|
20 |
% |
|
|
19 |
% |
19
Gross research and development expenses in the table above reflect all research and
development expenditures, including expenses related to our research and development activities on
the Red Storm and DARPA Phases II and III projects. Research and development expenses on the Red
Storm and DARPA Phase II projects are reflected in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of
Operations as cost of product revenue, and government co-funding on our other projects, including
DARPA Phase III, is recorded in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations as reimbursed
research and development expense. Research and development expenses include personnel expenses,
depreciation, allocations for certain overhead expenses, software, prototype materials and outside
contracted engineering expenses.
For the three months ended September 30, 2007, net research and development expenses decreased
as compared to the same period in 2006 due principally to lower overall gross spending and
slightly higher recognized government co-funding. For the nine months ended September 30, 2007,
net research and development expenses increased as the decrease in overall gross spending was more
than offset by the decrease in recognized government co-funding amounts.
We anticipate 2007 net research and development expenses will be higher than 2006 levels due
to lower government co-funding amounts recognized in operations. Net research and development
expenses may further increase if the U.S. government delays, decreases or ceases to co-fund our
DARPA Phase III, BlackWidow or Cray XMT projects. Amounts recognized related to our current
research and development co-funding arrangements, including amounts under the DARPA Phase III,
BlackWidow and Cray XMT funding agreements, are recorded as a reduction to research and development
expense in 2007. We anticipate 2008 gross and net research and development expense to increase
moderately to significantly over 2007 levels due to acceleration of DARPA Phase III project
spending, headcount increases and lower government reimbursements.
Other Operating Expenses
Our sales and marketing, general and administrative, and restructuring and severance charges
for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006 were (in thousands, except for
percentages):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
Nine Months Ended |
|
|
September 30, |
|
September 30, |
|
|
2007 |
|
2006 |
|
2007 |
|
2006 |
Sales and marketing |
|
$ |
5,423 |
|
|
$ |
4,924 |
|
|
$ |
15,814 |
|
|
$ |
15,591 |
|
Percentage of total revenue |
|
|
10 |
% |
|
|
15 |
% |
|
|
12 |
% |
|
|
13 |
% |
General and administrative |
|
$ |
3,340 |
|
|
$ |
4,134 |
|
|
$ |
11,442 |
|
|
$ |
14,328 |
|
Percentage of total revenue |
|
|
6 |
% |
|
|
13 |
% |
|
|
9 |
% |
|
|
12 |
% |
Restructuring and severance |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
3 |
|
|
$ |
10 |
|
|
$ |
1,290 |
|
Percentage of total revenue |
|
|
|
|
|
|
<1 |
% |
|
|
<1 |
% |
|
|
1 |
% |
Sales and Marketing. The increase in expenses for the three month period ended September 30,
2007, compared to the same period in 2006 was primarily due to higher headcount expenses. We expect
that full year 2007 sales and marketing expenses will be somewhat lower than 2006 levels primarily
due to lower commissions on total product sales offset in part by increases in headcount, and 2008
sales and marketing expense to grow moderately over 2007 levels, primarily due to higher
commissions on total product sales and, potentially higher variable pay expense.
General and Administrative. General and administrative costs for the three months ended
September 30, 2007 were $794,000 lower than the same period in 2006 primarily due to lower variable
pay and retention compensation expenses and outside services. The decrease in general and
administrative costs for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 over the corresponding 2006
period was primarily due to the same reasons. Additionally, the 2006 period was negatively impacted
by accounting and legal costs related to the accounting investigation related to certain 2004
financial information. We expect overall 2007 general and administrative expenses to be lower than
2006 levels, with 2008 general and administrative expense to grow moderately over 2007 levels,
primarily due to potentially higher variable pay expense.
Restructuring and Severance. Restructuring and severance charges included costs related to our
efforts to reduce our overall cost structure by reducing headcount related to our second and fourth
quarter 2005 actions.
20
Other Income (Expense), net
For the three months ended September 30, 2007, we recognized net other income of $294,000
compared to net other expense of $92,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2006. For the
nine months ended September 30, 2007, we recognized net other income of $765,000 compared to net
other expense of $2.0 million for the same period in 2006. Net other income for the three months
ended September 30, 2007 was principally the result of foreign currency transaction gains. Net
other income for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 was principally the result of gains
realized prior to a foreign currency derivatives designation as an effective cash flow hedge and
net foreign currency transaction gains. Net other expense for the three and nine months ended
September 30, 2006 was principally the result of a loss in fair value on a foreign currency
derivative not designated as a cash flow hedge, offset in part by net foreign currency transaction
gains.
Interest Income (Expense)
Our interest income and interest expense for the three and nine months ended September 30,
2007 and 2006 were (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
Nine Months Ended |
|
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
Interest income |
|
$ |
1,520 |
|
|
$ |
460 |
|
|
$ |
5,118 |
|
|
$ |
1,574 |
|
Interest expense |
|
|
(804 |
) |
|
|
(1,068 |
) |
|
|
(2,403 |
) |
|
|
(3,231 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net interest income (expense) |
|
$ |
716 |
|
|
$ |
(608 |
) |
|
$ |
2,715 |
|
|
$ |
(1,657 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest income increased in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007 compared to
the same periods in 2006 as a result of higher average invested cash balances and higher short-term
interest rates.
Interest expense for both three month periods ended September 30, 2007 and 2006 principally
consisted of $600,000 of interest on our convertible notes. Additionally, we recorded non-cash
amortization of capitalized issuance costs of $172,000 and $340,000, respectively. Interest expense
for both nine month periods ended September 30, 2007 and 2006 principally consisted of $1.8 million
of interest on our convertible notes and $516,000 and $1.0 million, respectively, of non-cash
amortization of capitalized issuance costs.
Taxes
We recorded tax expense of $228,000 and $953,000 for the three and nine months ended September
30, 2007, respectively, and $267,000 and $748,000 for the three and nine months ended September 30,
2006, respectively. The tax expense recognized in both 2007 and 2006 reflects tax expense for
local, state and foreign tax jurisdictions.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, short-term investments and accounts receivable
totaled $188.4 million at September 30, 2007, compared to $185.1 million at December 31, 2006; cash
and cash equivalents and restricted cash decreased by $41.5 million while short-term investments
increased by $40.8 million and accounts receivable increased by $3.9 million. At September 30,
2007, we had working capital of $148.8 million compared to $136.3 million at December 31, 2006.
Net cash used in operating activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 was $1.2
million compared to $2.2 million for the same period in 2006. For the nine months ended September
30, 2007, cash used by operating activities was principally the result of our net loss for the
period, an increase in inventory and accounts receivable and a decrease in advance research and
development payments, partially offset by increases in accounts payable and deferred revenue. For
the nine months ended September 30, 2006, cash used by operating activities was principally the
result of our net loss for the period and an increase in inventory, partially offset by a decrease
in accounts receivable and increases in deferred revenue and accounts payable.
Net cash used in investing activities was $42.3 million for the nine months ended September
30, 2007, compared to $2.1 million for the respective 2006 period. Net cash used by investing
activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 was due principally to the purchase of
short-term investments, net of their sales or maturities, and purchases of property and equipment.
Net cash used by investing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 consisted
primarily of purchases of property and equipment.
21
Net cash provided by financing activities was $1.6 million for the nine months ended September
30, 2007, compared to $2.3 million for the respective 2006 period. Cash provided by financing
activities for both periods was primarily cash received from the exercise of stock options and the
issuance of common stock through our employee stock purchase plan. In 2006, these proceeds were
offset by line of credit issuance costs and principal payments on capital leases.
Over the next twelve months, our significant cash requirements will relate to operational
expenses, consisting primarily of personnel costs, costs of inventory and spare parts, outside
engineering expenses, particularly as we continue development of our Cray XT4 and successor systems
and internally fund a portion of the expenses on our Cascade project pursuant to the DARPA Phase
III award, interest expense and acquisition of property and equipment. As of September 30, 2007,
our remaining fiscal year 2007 capital budget for property and equipment was approximately $3.0
million. In addition, we lease certain equipment used in our operations under operating or capital
leases in the normal course of business.
We have $80.0 million of outstanding Convertible Senior Subordinated Notes (Notes) which are
due in 2024. These Notes bear interest at 3.0% ($2.4 million per year, or $600,000 on a quarterly
basis) and holders of these Notes may require us to purchase these Notes on December 1, 2009,
December 1, 2014 and December 1, 2019, or upon the occurrence of certain events provided in the
indenture governing the Notes. Additionally, we have a two-year cash-secured revolving line of
credit for up to $25.0 million, which expires in December 2008. No amounts were outstanding under
this line as of September 30, 2007. As of the same date, we were eligible to borrow $20.3 million
against this line of credit; the borrowing limitation relates to restrictions from outstanding
letters of credit. We are required to maintain $25 million of restricted cash in connection with our
line of credit agreement.
In our normal course of operations, we have development arrangements under which we engage
outside engineering resources to work on our research and development projects. For the three and
nine month periods ended September 30, 2007, we incurred $5.4 million and $13.2 million,
respectively, for such arrangements, and for the three and nine month periods ended September 30,
2006, we incurred $4.4 million and $18.3 million, respectively, for such arrangements.
At any particular time, our cash position is affected by the timing of cash receipts for
product sales, maintenance contracts, government co-funding for research and development activities
and our payments for inventory, resulting in significant fluctuations in our cash balance from
quarter-to-quarter and within a quarter. Our principal sources of liquidity are our cash and cash
equivalents, short-term investments, operations and credit facility. With the acceptances and
payment for large new systems and the benefit from our restructuring activities and other recent
cost reduction efforts offset by expenditures for working capital purposes, we anticipate that our
cash flow from operations will be approximately neutral for 2007 as a whole, although a wide range
of results is possible. We do not anticipate borrowing from our credit line and we expect our cash
resources to be adequate for at least the next twelve months.
We have been focusing on expense controls, negotiating sales contracts with advance partial
payments where possible, implementing tighter purchasing and manufacturing processes and improving
working capital management in order to maintain adequate levels of cash. Additionally, the adequacy
of our cash resources is dependent on the amount and timing of government funding as well as our
ability to sell our products, particularly the Cray XT4, BlackWidow and Cray XMT systems, with
adequate margins. Beyond the next twelve months, the adequacy of our cash resources will largely
depend on our success in re-establishing profitable operations and positive operating cash flows on
a sustained basis. See Item 1A. Risk Factors in Part II below.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
We are exposed to financial market risks, including changes in interest rates and foreign
currency fluctuations.
22
Interest Rate Risk: We invest our available cash in investment-grade debt instruments of
corporate issuers and in debt instruments of the U.S. government and its agencies. We do not have
any derivative instruments in our investment portfolio. We protect and preserve invested funds by
limiting default, market and reinvestment risk. Investments in both fixed-rate and floating-rate
interest earning instruments carry a degree of interest rate risk. Fixed-rate securities may have
their fair market value adversely affected due to a rise in interest rates, while floating-rate
securities may produce less income than expected if interest rates fall. Due in part to these
factors, our future investment income may fall short of expectations due to changes in interest
rates or we may suffer losses in principal if forced to sell securities, which have declined in
market value due to changes in interest rates. At September 30, 2007, we held a portfolio of highly
liquid investments.
Foreign Currency Risk: We sell our products primarily in North America, Asia and Europe. As a
result, our financial results could be affected by factors such as changes in foreign currency
exchange rates or weak economic conditions in foreign markets. Our products are generally priced in
U.S. dollars, and a strengthening of the dollar could make our products less competitive in foreign
markets. While we commonly sell products with payments in U.S. dollars, our product sales contracts
may call for payment in foreign currencies and to the extent we do so, or engage with our foreign
subsidiaries in transactions deemed to be short-term in nature, we are subject to foreign currency
exchange risks. As of September 30, 2007, we have entered into forward exchange contracts that
hedge approximately $72.3 million of anticipated cash receipts on specific foreign currency
denominated sales contracts. These forward contracts hedge the risk of foreign exchange rate
changes between the time that the related contracts were signed and when the cash receipts are
expected to be received. Our foreign maintenance contracts are typically paid in local currencies
and provide a natural hedge against foreign exchange exposure. To the extent that we wish to
repatriate any of these funds to the United States, however, we are subject to foreign exchange
risks. As of September 30, 2007, a 10% change in foreign exchange rates could impact our annual
earnings and cash flows by approximately $1.9 million.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures. Under the supervision and with the
participation of our senior management, including our chief executive officer and chief financial
officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our
disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as of the end of the period covered by this quarterly report.
Based on this evaluation, our chief executive officer and chief financial officer concluded as of
September 30, 2007 that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective such that the
information required to be disclosed in our Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) reports (i)
is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in SEC rules and
forms, and (ii) is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our chief executive
officer and chief financial officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required
disclosure.
Changes in internal control over financial reporting. There have been no changes in our
internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the quarter ended September 30, 2007
that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect our internal control
over financial reporting.
Item 4T. Controls and Procedures
Not applicable.
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1A. Risk Factors
The following factors should be considered in evaluating our business, operations, prospects
and common stock as they may affect our future results and financial condition and they may affect
an investment in our securities.
23
Our operating results may fluctuate significantly and we may not achieve profitability in any
given period. Our operating results are subject to significant fluctuations due to the factors
listed below, which make estimating revenue and operating results for any specific period very
difficult, particularly as the product revenue recognized in any given quarter may depend on a very
limited number of system sales planned for that quarter, the timing of product acceptances by
customers and contractual provisions affecting revenue recognition. For example, we previously
reported that we expected that two large revenue transactions would constitute a substantial
majority of our product revenue in the second half of 2007, either or both of which could be
accepted and recognized in the third or fourth quarter; one of those transactions was accepted and
recognized in the third quarter and the second transaction was accepted in late October 2007.
Delays in recognizing revenue from any transaction due to development delays, not receiving needed
components timely, not achieving product acceptances, contractual provisions or for other reasons,
could have a material adverse effect on our operating results in any quarter, and could shift
associated revenue, margin and cash receipts into a subsequent quarter or fiscal year.
We have experienced net losses in recent periods. For example, in 2005 we had a net loss of
$64.3 million and in 2006 we had a net loss of $12.1 million, with net losses in the first three
quarters of the year offsetting net income in the fourth quarter; for the first nine months of
2007, we had a net loss of $2.1 million, with a net loss of $7.2 million in the first six months
partially offset by net income in the third quarter of $5.1 million.
Whether we will be able to increase our revenue and achieve and sustain profitability on a
quarterly and annual basis depends on a number of factors, including:
|
|
|
successfully selling the Cray XT4 system, including upgrades and successor systems, and
new products based on our BlackWidow project and Cray XMT system, and the timing and funding
of government purchases, especially in the United States; |
|
|
|
|
the level of revenue recognized in any given period, particularly with very high average
sales prices and limited number of system sales in any quarter, the timing of product
acceptances by customers and contractual provisions affecting the timing and amount of
revenue recognition; |
|
|
|
|
our expense levels, including research and development net of government funding, which
is affected by the level and timing of such funding; |
|
|
|
|
maintaining our product development projects on schedule and within budgetary
limitations; |
|
|
|
|
the level of product margin contribution in any given period due to product mix,
strategic transactions, product life cycle and component costs; |
|
|
|
|
the level and timing of maintenance contract renewals with existing customers; |
|
|
|
|
revenue delays or losses due to customers postponing purchases to wait for future
upgraded or new systems, delays in delivery of upgraded or new systems and longer than
expected customer acceptance cycles; |
|
|
|
|
the terms and conditions of sale or lease for our products; and |
|
|
|
|
the impact of expensing our share-based compensation under FAS 123R. |
The timing of orders and shipments impacts our quarterly and annual results and is affected by
events outside our control, such as:
|
|
|
the timely availability of acceptable components in sufficient quantities to meet
customer delivery schedules; |
|
|
|
|
the timing and level of government funding for product acquisitions and research and
development contracts; |
|
|
|
|
the availability of adequate customer facilities to install and operate new Cray systems; |
|
|
|
|
general economic trends, including changes in levels of customer capital spending; |
|
|
|
|
the introduction or announcement of competitive products; |
|
|
|
|
currency fluctuations, international conflicts or economic crises; and |
|
|
|
|
the receipt and timing of necessary export licenses. |
Because of the numerous factors affecting our revenue and results of operations, we cannot
assure our investors that we will have net income on a quarterly or annual basis in the future. We
anticipate that our quarterly results will vary significantly, and include losses. Delays in
product development, receipt of orders or product acceptances has had and could continue to have a
substantial adverse effect on our quarterly and full year results in 2007 and in future years.
24
Our reliance on third-party suppliers poses significant risks to our business and prospects.
We subcontract the manufacture of a majority of the hardware components for all of our products,
including integrated circuits, printed circuit boards, connectors, cables, power supplies and
memory parts, on a sole or limited source basis to third-party suppliers. We use contract
manufacturers to assemble our components for all of our systems. We also rely on third parties to
supply key capabilities, such as file systems and storage subsystems. We use key service providers
to co-develop key technologies, including integrated circuit design and verification. We are
subject to substantial risks because of our reliance on limited or sole source suppliers. For
example:
|
|
|
if a supplier does not provide components that meet our specifications in sufficient
quantities on time, then production and sales of our systems would be delayed, adversely
affecting revenue and cash flow these risks are accentuated during steep production ramp
periods as we introduce new or successor products; |
|
|
|
|
if an interruption of supply of our components occurs, because of a significant problem
with a supplier providing parts that later prove to be defective or because a single-source
supplier imposes allocations on its customers, decides to no longer provide those components
to us or increases the price of those parts significantly, it could take us a considerable
period of time to identify and qualify alternative suppliers, to redesign our products as
necessary and to begin manufacture of the redesigned components. In some cases, we may not
be able to redesign such components. Defective components may need to be replaced, which may
result in increased costs and obsolete inventory. See also the Risk Factor captioned,
Last-time buy decisions affecting our products may adversely affect our revenue and
operating results, below; |
|
|
|
|
if a supplier provides us with software or other intellectual property that contains bugs
or other errors or is different from what we expected, our development projects may be
adversely affected through additional design testing and verification efforts and respins of
integrated circuits; |
|
|
|
|
if a supplier providing us with key research and development services with respect to
integrated circuit design, network communication capabilities or internal software is late,
fails to provide us with effective designs or products or loses key internal talent, our
development programs may be delayed or prove to be not possible to complete; |
|
|
|
|
if a supplier cannot provide a competitive key component, our systems may be less
competitive than systems using components with greater capability; |
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some of our key component and service suppliers are small companies with limited
financial and other resources, and consequently may be more likely to experience financial
and operational difficulties than larger, well-established companies; and |
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if a key supplier is acquired or has a significant business change, production and sales
of our systems may be delayed or our development programs may be delayed or may not be
possible to complete. |
To the extent that Intel, IBM or other processor suppliers develop processors with greater
capabilities, even for a short time, our systems, including upgrades and successor products, may be
at a competitive disadvantage to systems utilizing such other processors. Our Cray XT4 and
successor systems, including our Baker system, are based on certain Opteron processors from AMD
while our BlackWidow system is based on custom integrated circuits manufactured for us by Texas
Instruments, Inc., and our Cray XMT system is based on custom integrated circuits manufactured for
us by Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company. If any of our integrated circuit suppliers
suffers delays or cancels the development of enhancements to its processors, our product revenue
would be adversely affected. Changing our product designs to utilize another suppliers integrated
circuits would be a costly and time-consuming process.
Our products must meet demanding specifications. For example, integrated circuits must perform
reliably at high frequencies to meet acceptance criteria. From time to time during the last three
years, we incurred significant delays in the receipt of key components which delayed product
shipments and acceptances. The delays in product shipments and acceptances adversely affected
revenue and margins in those years, including 2007, and, to the extent that we experience similar
problems in the future, such delays may adversely affect future revenue and margins.
If government support for development of our supercomputer systems is reduced or lost, our net
research and development expenditures and capital requirements would increase and our ability to
conduct research and development would decrease. A few government agencies and research
laboratories fund a significant portion of our development efforts, including our Cascade project
through the DARPA HPCS program and our BlackWidow and Cray XMT projects through other agencies;
this combined funding significantly reduces our reported level of net research and development
expenses. The DARPA program calls for the delivery of prototype systems by late 2010, and provides
for a contribution by DARPA to us of up to $250 million payable over approximately four years,
assuming we meet ten milestones, of which to date we have met two. If we are unable to
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meet any of
the remaining milestones based on our development schedule or performance, our cash flows would be
adversely impacted and our product development programs would be at risk. DARPAs future financial
commitments are subject to subsequent Congressional and federal inter-agency action, and our
Cascade development efforts and the level of reported research and development expenses would be
adversely impacted if DARPA did not receive expected funding, delayed payment for completed
milestones, delayed the timing of milestones or decided to terminate the program before completion
based on its assessment of the projects outlook. We have incurred some delays in payments and
program milestones by DARPA this year and additional delays are possible. By the projects
completion, we must have contributed at least $125 million towards the projects total development
cost; failure to do so would result
in a lower level of DARPA contribution and could result in a termination of the contract. The
DARPA program will result in increased net research and development expenditures by us for the
cost-sharing portion of the program and adversely affect our cash flow, particularly in the later
years of the program. We require additional funding for our BlackWidow program to complete the
current contract, which now funds a smaller proportion of our development costs on this program and
which ends on March 28, 2008; for the Cray XMT system, we require additional funding and a contract
extension for development work after December 31, 2007. Future funding and contract extensions for
these projects may be at risk, especially given the development delays we have encountered on both
of these projects.
Agencies of the U.S. government historically have facilitated the development of, and have
constituted a market for, new and enhanced very high performance computer systems. U.S. government
agencies may delay or decrease funding of our future product development efforts due to product
development delays, a change of priorities, international political developments, overall budgetary
considerations or other reasons. The U.S. government has not enacted any fiscal 2008 appropriations
bills and is currently operating pursuant to continuing resolutions. Any delay, decrease or
cessation of governmental support would cause an increased need for capital, increase significantly
our research and development expenditures and adversely impact our operating results and our
ability to implement our product roadmap.
Failure to overcome the technical challenges of completing the development of our
supercomputer systems on our product roadmap would adversely affect our revenue and operating
results in subsequent years. In addition to developing the BlackWidow system and scalable system
software for quad-core Cray XT4 systems for general availability, we continue work on our product
roadmap, including the Cray XMT system for 2008 deliveries, successor systems to the Cray XT4
system, including the Baker system for 2009 deliveries, our Granite project to combine our vector
and multithreaded architectures with our scalar systems, and our Cascade program under the DARPA
HPCS Phase III award to implement our Adaptive Supercomputing vision in subsequent years. These
development efforts are lengthy and technically challenging processes, and require a significant
investment of capital, engineering and other resources. Our engineering and technical personnel
resources are limited. Unanticipated performance and/or development issues may require more
engineers, time or testing resources than are currently available. Directing engineering resources
to solving current issues has adversely affected the timely development of successor or future
products. Given the breadth of our engineering challenges and our limited resources, we
periodically review the anticipated contributions and expense of our product programs to determine
their long-term viability. We may not be successful in meeting our development schedules for
technical reasons and/or because of insufficient engineering resources, which could cause a lack of
confidence in our capabilities among our key customers. To the extent we incur delays in completing
the design, development and production of hardware components, delays in development of requisite
system software, cancellation of programs due to technical infeasibility or uncover stability
issues, our revenue, results of operations and cash flows, and the reputation of such systems in
the market could be adversely affected. Future sales of our products may be adversely affected by
any of these factors. We have suffered significantly from product delays in the past that adversely
affected our financial performance, and we likely will continue to incur some stability issues
typical of new large installations. We previously announced development delays for both our
BlackWidow project and Cray XMT system. If planned Cray XT4 successors systems are not available
in 2008 or if the Baker system is not available in sufficient volume in 2009 and the current
project progress suggests that this is at increased risk, our results in those years could be
significantly impacted. We may incur additional development delays and stability issues in 2007 and
subsequent years in any or all of our key development projects, which would adversely affect our
revenue and operating results in those periods.
Failure to sell Cray XT4 systems in planned quantities and at expected gross margins could
adversely affect revenue and operating results in 2007 and future periods. We expect that a
substantial majority of our
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product revenue in 2007 and 2008 will come from a limited number of
sales of Cray XT4 and successor systems in the United States and overseas. We shipped the first
Cray XT4 system in November 2006, and we received the first customer acceptance of a Cray XT4
system in the first quarter of 2007. While we expect to build quad-core Cray XT4 systems late in
the fourth quarter of 2007, we expect that initial revenue from those transactions will not be
recognized until the first half of 2008, potentially in the first quarter. The delays in delivery
of the quad-core Cray XT4 system have adversely impacted our expected 2007 operating results, and
any additional delays in Cray XT4 and successor systems would impact future operating results. We
also face significant margin pressure for our Cray XT4 and successor systems from competitors. If
we do not sell these systems in planned quantities and at expected margins, our revenue and
operating results would be adversely affected.
In order to command higher margins, we need increased product differentiation from our
competitors in our Cray XT4 and successor systems, including our Baker system. The market for such
products is large but is replete with low bandwidth cluster systems offered by larger competitors
with significant resources and smaller companies with minimal research and development
expenditures. Potential customers may be able to meet their computing needs through the use of such
systems, and are willing to accept lower capability and/or less accurate modeling in return for
lower acquisition costs. Vendors of such systems, because they can offer high peak performance per
dollar, put pricing pressure on us in certain competitive procurements. Our long-term success may
be adversely affected if we are not successful in demonstrating the value of our balanced high
bandwidth systems with the capability of solving challenging problems quickly to a market beyond
our core of customers, largely certain agencies of the U.S. and other governments, that require
systems with the performance and features we offer.
Our inability to complete the development of our BlackWidow and Cray XMT supercomputer systems
has adversely affected our revenue and operating results in 2007 and may affect our operating
results in future periods. Our 2007 plan initially contemplated product revenue and gross margin
from sales of our BlackWidow and our Cray XMT systems. These systems are still in development and
we do not expect initial deliveries of the BlackWidow system until late 2007, with initial revenue
to be recognized in the first half of 2008, potentially in the first quarter, and initial revenue
from the Cray XMT system recognized in mid-2008. These hardware and software development efforts
are lengthy and technically challenging processes. We may incur additional delays in successfully
completing the design and production of these hardware components, including several custom
integrated circuits and network components; in detecting and correcting, if possible, design errors
in such integrated circuits and components; and/or in developing requisite system software,
integrating and stabilizing the full systems, including scaling applications to large systems. Any
of these delays could result in additional delays in the availability of the BlackWidow and/or the
Cray XMT systems. The delays in the BlackWidow and Cray XMT system development adversely impacted
our expected 2007 operating results and further delays in product availability of initial systems
could impact future revenue as anticipated follow-on purchases of these systems may be reduced or
delayed.
If the U.S. government purchases fewer supercomputers, our revenue would be reduced and our
operating results would be adversely affected. Historically, sales to the U.S. government and
customers primarily serving the U.S. government have represented a significant market for
supercomputers, including our products. From January 1, 2001, through December 31, 2003,
approximately 81% of our aggregate product revenue was derived from sales to various agencies of
the U.S. government; in 2004, 2005, 2006 and the first nine months of 2007, approximately 81%, 55%,
45% and 48% respectively, of our product revenue was derived from such sales. Our 2007 and future
plans contemplate significant sales to U.S. government agencies. Sales to government agencies,
including cancellations of existing contracts, may be affected by factors outside our control, such
as changes in procurement policies, budgetary considerations, domestic crises, and international
political developments. The U.S. government has not enacted any fiscal 2008 appropriations bills
and is currently operating pursuant to continuing resolutions, which may delay funding of systems
acquisitions and research and development activities. If agencies and departments of the United
States or other governments were to stop, reduce or delay their use and purchases of
supercomputers, our revenue and operating results would be adversely affected.
If we cannot retain, attract and motivate key personnel, we may be unable to effectively
implement our business plan. Our success also depends in large part upon our ability to retain,
attract and motivate highly skilled
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management, technical, marketing, sales and service personnel. The loss of and failure to
replace key engineering management and personnel could adversely affect multiple development
efforts. Recruitment and retention of senior management and skilled technical, sales and other
personnel is very competitive, and we may not be successful in either attracting or retaining such
personnel. As part of our strategy to attract and retain key personnel, we may offer equity
compensation through stock options and restricted stock grants. However, potential employees may
not perceive our equity incentives as attractive, and current employees who have significant
options with exercise prices significantly above current market values for our common stock may
seek other employment. In addition, due to the intense competition for qualified employees, we may
be required to increase the level of compensation paid to existing and new employees, which could
materially increase our operating expenses.
The achievement of our business plan is highly dependent on increased product revenue and
margins. Product revenue in recent years has been adversely affected by delays in product shipments
due to development delays, including system software development for large systems, and at times by
the availability of key components from third-party vendors. System stability issues typical of new
large systems previously have affected the timing of system acceptances, which adversely affects
our revenue, results of operations and cash flows. In the past, product margins have been adversely
impacted by competitive pressures, lower volumes than planned and higher than anticipated
manufacturing variances, including scrap, rework and excess and obsolete inventory. We sometimes do
not meet all of the contract requirements for customer acceptance of our systems, which has
resulted in contract penalties. Most often these penalties adversely affect the gross margin on a
sale through the provision of additional equipment and services to satisfy delivery delays and
performance shortfalls, although there is the risk of contract defaults and product return. The
risk of contract penalties is increased when we bid for new business prior to completing
development of new products when we must estimate future system performance. To improve our
financial performance, we need to limit negative manufacturing variances, contract penalties and
other charges that adversely affect product margin.
Last-time buy decisions affecting our products may adversely affect our revenue and operating
results. We placed a last-time buy order in the first quarter of 2007 for a key component for our
Cray XT4 and Cray XMT systems. Such last-time buy orders and inventory purchases had to be placed
before we could know all possible sales prospects for these products. In determining last-time buy
orders and inventory purchases, we either may have estimated too low, in which case we limit the
number of possible sales of products and reduce potential revenue, perhaps substantially, or we may
estimate too high, and may incur inventory obsolescence charges. Either way, our operating results
could be adversely affected. These last-time buy decisions adversely impact short-term cash flow
and increase inventory because the items are paid for well in advance of customer revenue. For
example, since September 2006 we have placed orders for approximately $7.7 million of certain
components, all of which has been received in 2007 but do not expect to sell the major part of the
products containing these components until sometime in 2008.
If we are unable to compete successfully in the HPC market, our revenue will decline. The
performance of our products may not be competitive with the computer systems offered by our
competitors. Many of our competitors are established companies well known in the HPC market,
including IBM, NEC, Hewlett-Packard, SGI, Dell, Bull S.A. and Sun Microsystems. Most of these
competitors have substantially greater research, engineering, manufacturing, marketing and
financial resources than we do. We also compete with systems builders and resellers of systems that
are constructed from commodity components using processors manufactured by Intel, AMD, IBM and
others. These competitors include the previously named companies as well as smaller firms that
benefit from the low research and development costs needed to assemble systems from commercially
available commodity products. These companies have capitalized on developments in parallel
processing and increased computer performance in commodity-based networking and cluster systems.
While these companies products are more limited in applicability and scalability, they have
achieved growing market acceptance. They offer significant peak/price performance on larger
problems lacking complexity. Such companies, because they can offer high peak performance per
dollar, can put pricing pressure on us in certain competitive procurements. In addition, to the
extent that Intel, IBM and other processor suppliers develop processors with greater capabilities
than the processors we use from AMD, our Cray XT4 systems and successor products may be at a
competitive disadvantage to systems utilizing such other processors.
Periodic announcements by our competitors of new HPC systems or plans for future systems and
price adjustments may reduce customer demand for our products. Many of our potential customers
already own or lease very high performance computer systems. Some of our competitors may offer
trade-in allowances or substantial
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discounts to potential customers, and engage in other aggressive pricing tactics, and we have
not always been able to match these sales incentives. We have in the past and may again be required
to provide substantial discounts to make strategic sales, which may reduce or eliminate any
positive margin on such transactions, or to provide lease financing for our products, which could
result in a deferral of our receipt of cash and revenue for these systems. These developments limit
our revenue and resources and reduce our ability to be profitable.
Our market is characterized by rapidly changing technology, accelerated product obsolescence
and continuously evolving industry standards. Our success depends upon our ability to sell our
current products, and to develop successor systems and enhancements in a timely manner to meet
evolving customer requirements, which may be influenced by competitive offerings. We may not
succeed in these efforts. Even if we succeed, products or technologies developed by others may
render our products or technologies noncompetitive or obsolete. A breakthrough in technology could
make low bandwidth cluster systems even more attractive to our existing and potential customers.
Such a breakthrough would impair our ability to sell our products and would reduce our revenue and
operating results.
Lower than anticipated sales of new supercomputers and the termination of maintenance
contracts on older and/or decommissioned systems may reduce our service revenue and margins from
maintenance service contracts. Our HPC systems are typically sold with maintenance service
contracts. These contracts generally are for annual periods, although some are for multi-year
periods, and provide a predictable revenue base. Our revenue from maintenance service contracts
declined from approximately $95 million in 2000 to approximately $42 million in 2005 while
increasing to approximately $50 million in 2006. We expect that 2007 maintenance service revenue
will decline from this level. We may have periodic revenue and margin declines as our older, higher
margin service contracts are ended and newer, lower margin contracts are established, based on the
timing of system withdrawals from service. Adding service personnel to new locations when we win
contracts where we have previously had no presence and servicing installed products to replace
defective components in the field create additional pressure on service margins.
Expansion of our Technical Services efforts could reduce our service margins. We plan to
expand our capabilities to deliver Cray Technical Services in the remainder of 2007 and 2008
through the addition of experienced managers and personnel and marketing of these services. These
services usually are rendered on a project-by-project basis. To the extent that we incur additional
expenses in this effort prior to receiving additional revenue, our service margins will be
adversely affected.
Our stock price is volatile. The trading price of our common stock is subject to significant
fluctuations in response to many factors, including our quarterly operating results (particularly
if they are less than our or analysts previous estimates), changes in analysts estimates, our
capital raising activities, announcements of technological innovations by us or our competitors and
general conditions in our industry.
The adoption of FAS 123R has and will continue to adversely affect our operating results and
may adversely affect the market price of our common stock. Beginning in 2006, in light of the
adoption of FAS 123R, we granted option and restricted stock awards to a limited number of new
employees and granted options and restricted stock to less than a majority of employees, generally
with four-year vesting periods. We also changed the purchase price under our employee stock
purchase plan in order to designate the plan as non-compensatory, and thereby avoid expense which
would have otherwise been incurred under FAS 123R. We recorded approximately $2.6 million as
non-cash compensation expense in the first nine months of 2007 for stock options and restricted
stock grants, which is an amount larger than our net loss for that period, and we anticipate that
the FAS 123R amount will increase in future years. Our estimates are based on the Black-Scholes
valuation method, which provides significantly different values depending on certain assumptions.
We do not know how analysts and investors will react to the additional expense recorded in our
statements of operations rather than disclosed in the notes thereto, and thus such additional
expense may adversely affect the market price of our common stock.
We may infringe or be subject to claims that we infringe the intellectual property rights of
others. Third parties in the past have asserted, and may in the future assert intellectual property
infringement claims against us, and such future claims, if proved, could require us to pay
substantial damages or to redesign our existing products or pay fees to obtain cross-license
agreements. Regardless of the merits, any claim of infringement would require management attention
and could be expensive to defend.
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We incorporate software licensed from third parties into the operating systems for our
products and any significant interruption in the availability of these third-party software
products or defects in these products could reduce the demand for our products. The operating
system software we develop for our HPC systems contains components that are licensed to us under
open source software licenses. Our business could be disrupted if this software, or functional
equivalents of this software, were either no longer available to us or no longer offered to us on
commercially reasonable terms. In either case we would be required to redesign our operating system
software to function with alternate third-party software, or develop these components ourselves,
which would result in increased costs and could result in delays in product shipments. Our Cray XT4
and successor systems utilize software system variants that incorporate Linux technology. The open
source licenses under which we have obtained certain components of our operating system software
may not be enforceable. Any ruling by a court that these licenses are not enforceable, or that
Linux-based operating systems, or significant portions of them, may not be copied, modified or
distributed as provided in those licenses, would adversely affect our ability to sell our systems.
In addition, as a result of concerns about the risks of litigation and open source software
generally, we may be forced to protect our customers from potential claims of infringement. In any
such event, our financial condition and results of operations may be adversely affected.
We also incorporate proprietary incidental software from third parties, such as for file
systems, job scheduling and storage subsystems. We have experienced some functional issues in the
past with implementing such software with our supercomputer systems. These issues, if repeated, may
result in additional expense by us and/or loss of customer
confidence.
Our indebtedness may adversely affect our financial strength. In December 2004 we sold $80.0
million in aggregate principal amount of our 3.0% Convertible Senior Subordinated Notes due 2024
(the Notes). Holders may require us to purchase all or a part of their Notes for cash at a
purchase price of 100% of the principal amount of the Notes plus accrued and unpaid interest on
December 1, 2009, December 1, 2014 or December 1, 2019, or upon the occurrence of certain events
provided in the indenture governing the Notes. As of September 30, 2007, we had no other
outstanding indebtedness for money borrowed and no material equipment lease obligations. We have a
$25.0 million cash secured credit facility which supports the issuance of letters of credit and
forward currency contracts. As of September 30, 2007, we had approximately $20.3 million available
to borrow under this credit facility. Our current credit facility constitutes senior debt with
respect to the Notes. We may incur additional indebtedness for money borrowed, which may include
borrowing under new credit facilities or the issuance of new debt securities. Over time, the level
of our indebtedness could, among other things:
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increase our vulnerability to general economic and industry conditions, including
recessions; |
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require us to use cash from operations to service our indebtedness, thereby reducing our
ability to fund working capital, capital expenditures, research and development efforts and
other expenses; |
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limit our flexibility investing in significant research and development projects with
long paybacks, as well as our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our
business, including merger and acquisition opportunities; |
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place us at a competitive disadvantage compared to competitors that have less
indebtedness; and |
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limit our ability to borrow additional funds that may be needed to operate and expand our
business. |
We may not have the funds necessary to purchase the Notes upon a fundamental change or other
purchase date and our ability to purchase the Notes in such events may be limited. On December 1,
2009, December 1, 2014 or December 1, 2019, holders of the Notes may require us to purchase their
Notes for cash. In addition, holders may also require us to purchase their Notes upon a fundamental
change, as defined in the indenture governing the Notes, which includes among other matters, a
change of control. Our ability to repurchase the Notes in such events may be limited by law and by
the terms of other indebtedness, including the terms of senior indebtedness, we may have
outstanding at the time of such events. While our existing credit facility does not prohibit us
from repurchasing any of the Notes, any subsequent credit facility may include such a covenant or a
requirement for prior written consent from the lender. If we do not have sufficient funds, we will
not be able to
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repurchase the Notes tendered to us for purchase. If a repurchase event occurs, we may require
third-party financing to repurchase the Notes, but we may not be able to obtain that financing on
favorable terms or at all. Our failure to repurchase tendered Notes at a time when the repurchase
is required by the indenture would constitute a default under the indenture. In addition, a default
under the indenture would constitute a default under our existing senior secured credit facility
and could lead to defaults under other existing and future agreements governing our indebtedness.
In these circumstances, the subordination provisions in the indenture governing the Notes may limit
or prohibit payments to Note holders. If, due to a default, the repayment of the related
indebtedness were to be accelerated after any applicable notice or grace periods, we may not have
sufficient funds to repay the indebtedness or repurchase the Notes.
We will require a significant amount of cash to repay our indebtedness and to fund planned
capital expenditures, research and development efforts and other corporate expenses. Our ability to
make payments on our indebtedness, including the potential repurchase of the Notes in December
2009, and to fund planned capital expenditures, research and development efforts and other
corporate expenses will depend on our future operating performance and on economic, financial,
competitive, legislative, regulatory and other factors. Many of these factors are beyond our
control. Our business may not generate sufficient cash from operations and future borrowings may
not be available to us in an amount sufficient to enable us to pay our indebtedness, including the
Notes, or to fund our other needs. If we are unable to generate sufficient cash to enable us to pay
our indebtedness, we may need to pursue one or more alternatives, such as reducing our operating
expenses, reducing or delaying capital expenditures or research and development, selling assets,
raising additional equity capital and/or debt, and seeking legal protection from our creditors.
We are required to evaluate our internal control over financial reporting under Section 404 of
the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 at the end of each fiscal year, and any adverse results from such
future evaluations could result in a loss of investor confidence in our financial reports and have
an adverse effect on our stock price. Pursuant to Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, we
are required to furnish a report by our management and our independent registered public accounting
firm on our internal control over financial reporting in our Annual Reports on Form 10-K. We
received favorable opinions from our independent registered public accounting firm and we reported
no material weaknesses for 2005 and 2006; for 2004, however, we reported material weaknesses and
received a disclaimed attestation report. Each year, we must continue to monitor and assess our
internal control over financial reporting and determine whether we have any material weaknesses.
Depending on their nature and severity, any future material weaknesses could result in our having
to restate financial statements, could make it difficult or impossible for us to obtain an audit of
our annual financial statements or could result in a qualification of any such audit. In such
events, we could experience a number of adverse consequences, including our inability to comply
with applicable reporting and listing requirements, a loss of market confidence in our publicly
available information, delisting from the Nasdaq Global Market, loss of financing sources such as
our line of credit, and litigation based on the events themselves or their consequences.
New environmental rules in Europe and other jurisdictions may adversely affect our operations.
In 2006 members of the European Union (EU) and certain other European countries began
implementing the Restrictions on Hazardous Substances (RoHS) Directive, which prohibits or limits
the use in electrical and electronic equipment of the following substances: lead, mercury, cadmium,
hexavalent chromium, polybrominated biphenyls, and polybrominated diphenyl ethers. After July 1,
2006, a company shipping products that do not comply with RoHS to the EU or such other European
countries could have its products detained and could be subject to penalties. We did not ship any
Cray X1E or Cray XD1 systems to Europe after July 1, 2006, because of these restrictions. We
believe we are RoHS-compliant with our Cray XT4 system which began shipping in the fourth quarter
of 2006 and our BlackWidow and Cray XMT systems which we may ship to EU members in 2008. If a
regulatory authority determines that one of our products is not RoHS-compliant, we will have to
redesign and requalify certain components to meet RoHS requirements, which could result in
increased engineering expenses, shipment delays, penalties and possible product detentions or
seizures.
A separate EU Directive on Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) was scheduled to
become effective in August 2005. Under the WEEE Directive, companies that put electrical and
electronic equipment on the EU market must register with individual member states, mark their
products, submit annual reports, provide recyclers with information about product recycling, and
either recycle their products or participate in or fund mandatory recycling schemes. In addition,
some EU member states require recycling fees to be paid in advance to
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ensure funds are available for product recycling at the end of the products useful life. We
mark our products as required by the WEEE Directive and are registered with those EU member states
where our products have been shipped since August 2005. Each EU member state is responsible for
implementing the WEEE Directive and some member states have not yet established WEEE registrars or
established or endorsed the recycling schemes required by the WEEE Directive. We are monitoring
implementation of the WEEE Directive by the member states. Compliance with the WEEE Directive could
increase our costs and any failure to comply with the WEEE Directive could lead to monetary
penalties.
Other jurisdictions are considering adoption of rules similar to the RoHS and WEEE
regulations. To the extent that any such rules differ from the RoHS and WEEE regulations, they may
result in additional expense for us to redesign and requalify our products, and may delay us from
shipping products into such jurisdictions.
U.S. export controls could hinder our ability to make sales to foreign customers and our
future prospects. The U.S. government regulates the export of HPC systems such as our products.
Occasionally we have experienced delays for up to several months in receiving appropriate approvals
necessary for certain sales, which have delayed the shipment of our products. Delay or denial in
the granting of any required licenses could make it more difficult to make sales to foreign
customers, eliminating an important source of potential revenue.
We may not be able to protect our proprietary information and rights adequately. We rely on a
combination of patent, copyright and trade secret protection, nondisclosure agreements and
licensing arrangements to establish, protect and enforce our proprietary information and rights. We
have a number of patents and have additional applications pending. There can be no assurance,
however, that patents will be issued from the pending applications or that any issued patents will
protect adequately those aspects of our technology to which such patents will relate. Despite our
efforts to safeguard and maintain our proprietary rights, we cannot be certain that we will succeed
in doing so or that our competitors will not independently develop or patent technologies that are
substantially equivalent or superior to our technologies. The laws of some countries do not protect
intellectual property rights to the same extent or in the same manner as do the laws of the United
States. Additionally, under certain conditions, the U.S. government might obtain non-exclusive
rights to certain of our intellectual property. Although we continue to implement protective
measures and intend to defend our proprietary rights vigorously, these efforts may not be
successful.
A substantial number of our shares are eligible for future sale and may depress the market
price of our common stock and may hinder our ability to obtain additional financing. As of
September 30, 2007, we had outstanding:
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32,589,844 shares of common stock; |
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1,284,852 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of warrants; |
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3,556,732 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of options, of which options to
purchase 2,829,152 shares of common stock were then exercisable; and |
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Notes convertible into an aggregate of 4,144,008 shares of common stock or, under certain
circumstances specified in the indenture governing the Notes, a maximum of 5,698,006 shares
of common stock. |
Almost all of our outstanding shares of common stock may be sold without substantial
restrictions, with certain exceptions including 377,281 shares held by Board members, executive
officers and key managers that may be forfeited and are restricted against transfer until vested.
Almost all of the shares of common stock that may be issued on exercise of the warrants and
options will be available for sale in the public market when issued, subject in some cases to
volume and other limitations. The warrants outstanding at September 30, 2007, consisted of warrants
to purchase 1,284,852 shares of common stock, with an exercise price of $10.12 per share, expiring
on June 21, 2009. The Notes are not now convertible, and only become convertible upon the
occurrence of certain events specified in the indenture governing the Notes. Sales in the public
market of substantial amounts of our common stock, including sales of common stock issuable upon
the exercise or conversion of warrants, options and Notes, may depress prevailing market prices for
the common stock. Even the perception that sales could occur may impact market prices adversely.
The existence of outstanding
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warrants, options and Notes may prove to be a hindrance to our future financings. Further, the
holders of warrants, options and Notes may exercise or convert them for shares of common stock at a
time when we would otherwise be able to obtain additional equity capital on terms more favorable to
us. Such factors could impair our ability to meet our capital needs. We also have authorized
5,000,000 shares of undesignated preferred stock, although no shares of preferred stock currently
are outstanding.
Provisions of our Restated Articles of Incorporation and Bylaws could make a proposed
acquisition that is not approved by our Board of Directors more difficult. Provisions of our
Restated Articles of Incorporation and Bylaws could make it more difficult for a third party to
acquire us. These provisions could limit the price that investors might be willing to pay in the
future for our common stock. For example, our Restated Articles of Incorporation and Bylaws provide
for:
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removal of a director only in limited circumstances and only upon the affirmative vote of
not less than two-thirds of the shares entitled to vote to elect directors; |
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the ability of our board of directors to issue preferred stock, without shareholder
approval, with rights senior to those of the common stock; |
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no cumulative voting of shares; |
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the right of shareholders to call a special meeting of the shareholders only upon demand
by the holders of not less than 30% of the shares entitled to vote at such a meeting; |
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the affirmative vote of not less than two-thirds of the outstanding shares entitled to
vote on an amendment, unless the amendment was approved by a majority of our continuing
directors, who are defined as directors who have either served as a director since August
31, 1995, or were nominated to be a director by the continuing directors; |
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special voting requirements for mergers and other business combinations, unless the
proposed transaction was approved by a majority of continuing directors; |
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special procedures to bring matters before our shareholders at our annual shareholders
meeting; and |
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special procedures to nominate members for election to our board of directors. |
These provisions could delay, defer or prevent a merger, consolidation, takeover or other business
transaction between us and a third party that is not approved by our Board of Directors.
Item 6. Exhibits
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31.1
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Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)
of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to
Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
31.2
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Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)
of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to
Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
32.1
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Certificate pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant
to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
Items 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 of Part II are not applicable and have been omitted.
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SIGNATURES
In accordance with the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant
caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
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CRAY INC.
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November 7, 2007 |
/s/ PETER J. UNGARO
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Peter J. Ungaro |
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Chief Executive Officer and President |
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/s/ BRIAN C. HENRY
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Brian C. Henry |
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Chief Financial Officer |
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/s/ KENNETH D. ROSELLI
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Kenneth D. Roselli |
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Chief Accounting Officer |
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