Document
 
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
 
FORM 10-Q
 
þ
 
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
 
FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED JUNE 30, 2017
OR
o
 
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
 
FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM __________ TO ________
COMMISSION FILE NUMBER 001-34295
 
SIRIUS XM HOLDINGS INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
 
Delaware
 
38-3916511

(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
 
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
 
 
 
1290 Avenue of the Americas, 11th Floor
 
 
New York, New York
 
10104
(Address of principal executive offices)
 
(Zip Code)
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (212) 584-5100
Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report: Not Applicable
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  þ        No  o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  þ        No  o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.:
Large accelerated filer þ
 
Accelerated filer o
 
Non-accelerated filer o
 
 
 
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
Smaller reporting company o
 
Emerging growth company o
 
 
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes o No þ
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer's classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.
(Class)
 
(Outstanding as of July 25, 2017)
COMMON STOCK, $0.001 PAR VALUE
 
4,613,015,656
SHARES

 

Table of Contents

SIRIUS XM HOLDINGS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
INDEX TO FORM 10-Q

Item No.
 
Description
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 


Table of Contents


SIRIUS XM HOLDINGS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(UNAUDITED)
 
For the Three Months Ended June 30,
 
For the Six Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands, except per share data)
2017
 
2016
 
2017
 
2016
Revenue:
 

 
 

 
 
 
 
Subscriber revenue
$
1,111,011

 
$
1,033,284

 
$
2,189,268

 
$
2,042,966

Advertising revenue
40,178

 
33,521

 
76,194

 
65,062

Equipment revenue
29,674

 
27,858

 
59,332

 
54,979

Other revenue
166,706

 
140,903

 
316,841

 
273,569

Total revenue
1,347,569

 
1,235,566

 
2,641,635

 
2,436,576

Operating expenses:
 

 
 

 
 
 
 
Cost of services:
 

 
 

 
 
 
 
Revenue share and royalties
292,893

 
264,385

 
570,193

 
516,129

Programming and content
96,255

 
83,645

 
191,799

 
168,745

Customer service and billing
95,324

 
93,712

 
192,099

 
190,579

Satellite and transmission
19,603

 
34,847

 
40,179

 
58,385

Cost of equipment
9,371

 
9,728

 
16,283

 
19,507

Subscriber acquisition costs
125,154

 
128,956

 
252,642

 
261,405

Sales and marketing
106,707

 
91,358

 
203,616

 
180,084

Engineering, design and development
27,783

 
18,893

 
51,600

 
38,334

General and administrative
84,607

 
81,178

 
162,808

 
158,683

Depreciation and amortization
73,519

 
66,708

 
150,223

 
134,335

Total operating expenses
931,216

 
873,410

 
1,831,442

 
1,726,186

Income from operations
416,353

 
362,156

 
810,193

 
710,390

Other income (expense):
 

 
 

 
 
 
 
Interest expense
(82,794
)
 
(83,396
)
 
(164,451
)
 
(161,796
)
Other (expense) income
(11,937
)
 
2,515

 
(3,074
)
 
13,363

Total other expense
(94,731
)
 
(80,881
)
 
(167,525
)
 
(148,433
)
Income before income taxes
321,622

 
281,275

 
642,668

 
561,957

Income tax expense
(119,513
)
 
(106,310
)
 
(233,486
)
 
(214,552
)
Net income
$
202,109

 
$
174,965

 
$
409,182

 
$
347,405

Foreign currency translation adjustment, net of tax
2,763

 
(15
)
 
2,746

 
434

Total comprehensive income
$
204,872

 
$
174,950

 
$
411,928

 
$
347,839

Net income per common share:
 

 
 

 
 
 
 
Basic
$
0.04

 
$
0.04

 
$
0.09

 
$
0.07

Diluted
$
0.04

 
$
0.04

 
$
0.09

 
$
0.07

Weighted average common shares outstanding:
 

 
 

 
 
 
 
Basic
4,652,426

 
4,938,820

 
4,681,223

 
5,002,070

Diluted
4,735,592

 
4,988,247

 
4,759,741

 
5,049,571

Dividends declared per common share
$
0.01


$
—

 
$
0.02

 
$
—

 
See accompanying notes to the unaudited consolidated financial statements.


2
Table of Contents

SIRIUS XM HOLDINGS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands, except per share data)
June 30, 2017
 
December 31, 2016
ASSETS
(unaudited)



Current assets:
 

 
 

Cash and cash equivalents
$
42,738

 
$
213,939

Receivables, net
234,352

 
223,029

Inventory, net
19,581

 
20,363

Related party current assets
12,085

 
6,170

Prepaid expenses and other current assets
186,481

 
179,148

Total current assets
495,237

 
642,649

Property and equipment, net
1,410,265

 
1,398,693

Intangible assets, net
2,536,675

 
2,544,801

Goodwill
2,290,240

 
2,205,107

Related party long-term assets
449,417

 
8,918

Long-term investment
173,104

 
—

Deferred tax assets
873,024

 
1,084,330

Other long-term assets
119,742

 
119,097

Total assets
$
8,347,704

 
$
8,003,595

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' (DEFICIT) EQUITY
 

 
 

Current liabilities:
 

 
 

Accounts payable and accrued expenses
$
663,892

 
$
713,034

Accrued interest
107,591

 
114,633

Current portion of deferred revenue
1,864,643

 
1,832,609

Current maturities of long-term debt
5,160

 
5,485

Related party current liabilities
2,840

 
2,840

Total current liabilities
2,644,126

 
2,668,601

Deferred revenue
180,647

 
176,319

Long-term debt
6,453,757

 
5,842,764

Related party long-term liabilities
6,535

 
7,955

Deferred tax liabilities
6,418

 
6,418

Other long-term liabilities
97,911

 
93,553

Total liabilities
9,389,394

 
8,795,610

Commitments and contingencies (Note 15)


 


Stockholders’ (deficit) equity:
 

 
 

Common stock, par value $0.001; 9,000,000 shares authorized; 4,628,821 and 4,746,047 shares issued; 4,626,078 and 4,740,947 outstanding at June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively
4,628

 
4,745

Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
2,607

 
(139
)
Additional paid-in capital
2,448,057

 
3,117,666

Treasury stock, at cost; 2,743 and 5,100 shares of common stock at June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively
(14,783
)
 
(22,906
)
Accumulated deficit
(3,482,199
)
 
(3,891,381
)
Total stockholders’ (deficit) equity
(1,041,690
)
 
(792,015
)
Total liabilities and stockholders’ (deficit) equity
$
8,347,704

 
$
8,003,595


See accompanying notes to the unaudited consolidated financial statements.

3
Table of Contents

SIRIUS XM HOLDINGS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF STOCKHOLDERS’ (DEFICIT) EQUITY
(UNAUDITED)
 
 
Common Stock
 
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
(Loss) Income
 
Additional
Paid-in
Capital
 
Treasury Stock
 
Accumulated
Deficit
 
Total
Stockholders’ (Deficit) Equity
(in thousands)
 
Shares
 
Amount
 
 
 
Shares
 
Amount
 
 
Balance at December 31, 2016
 
4,746,047

 
$
4,745

 
$
(139
)
 
$
3,117,666

 
5,100

 
$
(22,906
)
 
$
(3,891,381
)
 
$
(792,015
)
Comprehensive income, net of tax
 
—

 
—

 
2,746

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
409,182

 
411,928

Issuance of common stock related to investment in Sirius XM Canada
 
35,000

 
35

 
—

 
178,815

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
178,850

Share-based payment expense
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
51,939

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
51,939

Exercise of options and vesting of restricted stock units
 
5,842

 
6

 
—

 
(6
)
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Minimum withholding taxes on net share settlement of stock-based compensation
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(23,053
)
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(23,053
)
Cash dividends paid on common stock
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(93,638
)
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(93,638
)
Common stock repurchased
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
155,711

 
(775,701
)
 
—

 
(775,701
)
Common stock retired
 
(158,068
)
 
(158
)
 
—

 
(783,666
)
 
(158,068
)
 
783,824

 
—

 
—

Balance at June 30, 2017
 
4,628,821

 
$
4,628

 
$
2,607

 
$
2,448,057

 
2,743

 
$
(14,783
)
 
$
(3,482,199
)
 
$
(1,041,690
)

See accompanying notes to the unaudited consolidated financial statements.

4
Table of Contents

SIRIUS XM HOLDINGS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(UNAUDITED)
 
For the Six Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands)
2017
 
2016
Cash flows from operating activities:
 
 
 
Net income
$
409,182

 
$
347,405

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
 

 
 

Depreciation and amortization
150,223

 
134,335

Non-cash interest expense, net of amortization of premium
4,231

 
4,230

Provision for doubtful accounts
27,377

 
25,707

Amortization of deferred income related to equity method investment
(1,388
)
 
(1,388
)
Loss (gain) on unconsolidated entity investments, net
2,183

 
(8,451
)
Dividend received from unconsolidated entity investment
3,606

 
7,160

Loss on disposal of assets

—

 
12,912

Share-based payment expense
59,697

 
47,870

Deferred income taxes
220,415

 
202,170

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
 

 
 

Receivables
(38,063
)
 
(16,305
)
Inventory
2,492

 
(3,981
)
Related party, net
(5,756
)
 
(2,191
)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
(6,617
)
 
(14,052
)
Other long-term assets
5,937

 
15,081

Accounts payable and accrued expenses
(69,078
)
 
(12,869
)
Accrued interest
(7,042
)
 
5,448

Deferred revenue
30,779

 
49,288

Other long-term liabilities
4,358

 
1,919

Net cash provided by operating activities
792,536

 
794,288

Cash flows from investing activities:
 

 
 

Additions to property and equipment
(119,517
)
 
(67,172
)
Purchases of restricted and other investments
(7,355
)
 
(3,953
)
Acquisition of business, net of cash acquired
(107,488
)
 
—

Investment in convertible preferred stock
(172,500
)

—

Loan to related parties
(130,794
)
 
—

Payments to acquire additional ownership in related parties
(130,026
)
 
—

Net cash used in investing activities
(667,680
)
 
(71,125
)
Cash flows from financing activities:
 

 
 

Taxes paid in lieu of shares issued for stock-based compensation
(22,595
)
 
(5,379
)
Net proceeds (repayments) related to revolving credit facility
610,000

 
(340,000
)
Proceeds from long-term borrowings, net of costs
—

 
987,294

Principal payments of long-term borrowings
(6,000
)
 
(4,831
)
Common stock repurchased and retired
(783,824
)
 
(995,632
)
Dividends paid
(93,638
)

—

Net cash used in financing activities
(296,057
)
 
(358,548
)
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents
(171,201
)
 
364,615

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
213,939

 
111,838

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
$
42,738

 
$
476,453

See accompanying notes to the unaudited consolidated financial statements.

5
Table of Contents

SIRIUS XM HOLDINGS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - Continued
(UNAUDITED)
 
For the Six Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands)
2017
 
2016
Supplemental Disclosure of Cash and Non-Cash Flow Information
 
 
 
Cash paid during the period for:
 
 
 
Interest, net of amounts capitalized
$
164,147

 
$
148,398

Income taxes paid
$
12,264

 
$
11,478

Non-cash investing and financing activities:
 
 
 
Capital lease obligations incurred to acquire assets
$
—

 
$
6,647

Treasury stock not yet settled
$
14,783

 
$
19,458

Issuance of common stock as part of investment in Sirius XM Canada
$
178,850

 
$
—


See accompanying notes to the unaudited consolidated financial statements.


6
Table of Contents
SIRIUS XM HOLDINGS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
(Dollars and shares in thousands, except per share amounts)



(1)
Business & Basis of Presentation
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q presents information for Sirius XM Holdings Inc. (“Holdings”).  The terms “Holdings,” “we,” “us,” “our,” and “our company” as used herein and unless otherwise stated or indicated by context, refer to Sirius XM Holdings Inc. and its subsidiaries, and “Sirius XM” refers to, our wholly-owned subsidiary Sirius XM Radio Inc. Holdings has no operations independent of its wholly-owned subsidiary, Sirius XM.
Business
We transmit music, sports, entertainment, comedy, talk, news, traffic and weather channels, as well as infotainment services, in the United States on a subscription fee basis through our two proprietary satellite radio systems.  Subscribers can also receive music and other channels, plus features such as SiriusXM On Demand and MySXM, over our Internet radio service, including through applications for mobile devices, home devices and other consumer electronic equipment.  We are also a leader in providing connected vehicle services.  Our connected vehicle services are designed to enhance the safety, security and driving experience for vehicle operators while providing marketing and operational benefits to automakers and their dealers.
We have agreements with every major automaker (“OEMs”) to offer satellite radio in their vehicles. We also acquire subscribers through marketing to owners and lessees of previously owned vehicles that include factory-installed satellite radios that are not currently subscribing to our services. Our satellite radios are primarily distributed through automakers, retail stores nationwide, and through our website. Satellite radio services are also offered to customers of certain rental car companies.
Our primary source of revenue is subscription fees, with most of our customers subscribing to annual, semi-annual, quarterly or monthly plans.  We offer discounts for prepaid, longer-term subscription plans, as well as a multiple subscription discount.  We also derive revenue from activation and other fees, the sale of advertising on select non-music channels, the direct sale of satellite radios and accessories, and other ancillary services, such as our weather, traffic and data services.
In certain cases, a subscription to our radio services is included in the sale or lease price of new or previously owned vehicles. The length of these subscriptions varies but is typically three to twelve months.  We receive payments for these subscriptions from certain automakers.  We also reimburse various automakers for certain costs associated with satellite radios installed in new vehicles.
During the three months ended June 30, 2017, we entered into several strategic transactions:
•
On April 18, 2017, Sirius XM acquired Automatic Labs Inc. (“Automatic”). Refer to Note 2 for information on this transaction.
•
On May 25, 2017, Sirius XM completed a recapitalization of Sirius XM Canada Holdings Inc. (“Sirius XM Canada”). Refer to Note 10 for information on this transaction.
•
On June 9, 2017, Sirius XM entered into an investment agreement with Pandora Media, Inc. (“Pandora”). Refer to Note 11 for information on this transaction.
As of June 30, 2017, Liberty Media Corporation (“Liberty Media”) beneficially owned, directly and indirectly, approximately 68% of the outstanding shares of our common stock.  As a result, we are a “controlled company” for the purposes of the NASDAQ corporate governance requirements.  Liberty Media owns interests in a range of media, communications and entertainment businesses.
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements of Holdings and its subsidiaries have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”), the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) for interim financial reporting. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in the financial statements presented in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations.

7
Table of Contents
SIRIUS XM HOLDINGS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - Continued
(UNAUDITED)
(Dollars and shares in thousands, except per share amounts)

Certain amounts in our prior period consolidated financial statements have been either reclassified to conform to our current period presentation or adjusted to reflect the adoption of Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-09, Compensation-Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting, in the third quarter of 2016. All significant intercompany transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. In the opinion of our management, all normal recurring adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of our unaudited consolidated financial statements as of June 30, 2017 and for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016 have been made.
Interim results are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for a full year. This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q should be read together with our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016, which was filed with the SEC on February 2, 2017.
Public companies are required to disclose certain information about their reportable operating segments.  Operating segments are defined as significant components of an enterprise for which separate financial information is available and is evaluated on a regular basis by the chief operating decision makers in deciding how to allocate resources to an individual segment and in assessing performance of the segment. We have determined that we have one reportable segment as our chief operating decision maker, our Chief Executive Officer, assesses performance and allocates resources based on the consolidated results of operations of our business.
We have evaluated events subsequent to the balance sheet date and prior to the filing of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017 and have determined that no events have occurred that would require adjustment to our unaudited consolidated financial statements.  For a discussion of subsequent events that do not require adjustment to our unaudited consolidated financial statements refer to Note 17.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and footnotes.  Estimates, by their nature, are based on judgment and available information.  Actual results could differ materially from those estimates.  Significant estimates inherent in the preparation of the accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements include asset impairment, depreciable lives of our satellites, share-based payment expense, and income taxes.

(2)
Acquisition
On April 18, 2017, Sirius XM acquired Automatic, a connected vehicle device and mobile application company, for an aggregate purchase price of $107,488, net of cash and restricted cash acquired of $819. Automatic has created and operates a data-driven platform that enables vehicle owners to be safer and drive smarter. The company's proprietary Automatic Pro and Automatic Lite connected car adapters provide, among other things, vehicle diagnostic alerts, emergency crash assistance, fuel monitoring, access to parking information and live vehicle location tracking.

8
Table of Contents
SIRIUS XM HOLDINGS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - Continued
(UNAUDITED)
(Dollars and shares in thousands, except per share amounts)

The condensed table below summarizes the fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date:
Acquired Assets:
 
Intangible assets subject to amortization
$
14,700

Goodwill
85,133

Deferred income tax asset, net
10,854

Other assets
4,019

Trademark
800

Total Assets
$
115,506

 
 
Assumed Liabilities:
 
Deferred revenue
(5,582
)
Other liabilities
(1,617
)
Total Liabilities
$
(7,199
)
Total Consideration
$
108,307

The transaction was accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting. The initial purchase price allocation is subject to change upon receipt of the final valuation analysis for Automatic. The fair value assessed for the majority of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed equaled their carrying value. The excess purchase price over identifiable net assets of $85,133 has been recorded to Goodwill in our unaudited consolidated balance sheets as of June 30, 2017. A total of $14,700 has been allocated to identifiable intangible assets subject to amortization and relates to the assessed fair value of software and technology and a total of $800 has been allocated to the Automatic trademark.
We recognized acquisition related costs of $861 that were expensed in General and administrative expenses in our unaudited consolidated statements of comprehensive income during the quarter ended June 30, 2017. Pro forma financial information related to this acquisition has not been provided as it is not material to our consolidated results of operations.

(3)
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Fair Value Measurements
For assets and liabilities required to be reported at fair value, GAAP provides a hierarchy that prioritizes inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value into three broad levels. Level 1 inputs are based on unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical instruments. Level 2 inputs are inputs, other than quoted market prices included within Level 1, that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs for the asset or liability. As of June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, receivables, and accounts payable approximated fair value due to the short-term nature of these instruments.
Our assets and liabilities measured at fair value were as follows:
 
June 30, 2017
 
December 31, 2016
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total Fair
Value
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total Fair
Value
Assets:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Pandora - investment (a)
—

 
$
173,104

 
—

 
$
173,104

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
$
—

Sirius XM Canada - investment (b)
—

 
—

 
—

 
N/A
 
$
178,696

 
—

 
—

 
$
178,696

Liabilities:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Debt (c)
—

 
$
6,735,887

 
—

 
$
6,735,887

 
—

 
$
6,008,205

 
—

 
$
6,008,205

(a)
During the three months ended June 30, 2017, we entered into an investment agreement with Pandora. We have elected the fair value option to account for this investment. Refer to Note 11 for information on this transaction.

9
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SIRIUS XM HOLDINGS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - Continued
(UNAUDITED)
(Dollars and shares in thousands, except per share amounts)

(b)
During the three months ended June 30, 2017, we completed a recapitalization of Sirius XM Canada. Following this recapitalization, Sirius XM Canada ceased to be a publicly traded company. Refer to Note 10 for information on this transaction. The amount as of December 31, 2016 approximated fair value.  The carrying value of our investment in Sirius XM Canada was $313,698 and $8,615 as of June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively.
(c)
The fair value for non-publicly traded instruments is based upon estimates from a market maker and brokerage firm.  Refer to Note 12 for information related to the carrying value of our debt as of June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016.

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Accumulated other comprehensive income of $2,607 was primarily comprised of the cumulative foreign currency translation adjustments related to the loan with Sirius XM Canada (refer to Note 10 for additional information related to this loan). During the six months ended June 30, 2017, we recorded a foreign currency translation adjustment gain of $2,746, net of a tax benefit of $1,745, which was primarily related to the second quarter of 2017.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In January 2017, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2017-04, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other (Topic 350).  This ASU eliminates Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test. Under the new guidance, entities should perform its annual or interim goodwill impairment test by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount and recognize an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value. Additionally, this ASU eliminates the requirements for any reporting unit with a zero or negative carrying amount to perform a qualitative assessment and, if it fails that qualitative test, to perform Step 2 of the goodwill impairment test. The amendments in this ASU are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years, and is applied on a prospective basis. Early adoption is permitted for interim or annual goodwill impairment tests performed on testing dates after January 1, 2017. While we are currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of this ASU, we do not believe that the adoption of this guidance will have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). This ASU requires a company to recognize lease assets and liabilities arising from operating leases in the statement of financial position. This ASU does not significantly change the previous lease guidance for how a lessee should recognize the recognition, measurement, and presentation of expenses and cash flows arising from a lease. Additionally, the criteria for classifying a finance lease versus an operating lease are substantially the same as the previous guidance. The amendments in this ASU are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years, and early adoption is permitted. This ASU must be adopted using a modified retrospective approach. We plan to adopt this ASU on January 1, 2019. Although we are in the process of evaluating the impact of adoption of the ASU on our consolidated financial statements, we currently believe the most significant changes will be related to the recognition of right-of-use assets and lease liability on our consolidated balance sheet for operating leases.
In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606). This ASU is a comprehensive new revenue recognition model that requires a company to recognize revenue to depict the transfer of goods or services to a customer at an amount that reflects the consideration it expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. This ASU also requires additional disclosure about the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from customer contracts, including significant judgments and changes in judgments and assets recognized from costs incurred to obtain or fulfill a contract. In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-14 which amended the effective date of this ASU to fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and early adoption is permitted only for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016. In 2016, the FASB issued additional guidance which clarified principal versus agent considerations, identification of performance obligations and the implementation guidance for licensing. In addition, the FASB issued guidance regarding practical expedients related to disclosures of remaining performance obligations, as well as other amendments to guidance on transition, collectibility, non-cash consideration and the presentation of sales and other similar taxes. The two permitted transition methods under the new standard are the full retrospective method, in which case the standard would be applied to each prior reporting period presented, or the modified retrospective method, in which case the cumulative effect of applying the standard would be recognized at the date of initial application. We currently plan to adopt this ASU under the modified retrospective method.
We have substantially completed our evaluation of the impact this ASU will have on our subscription fees earned from self-pay subscribers and advertising revenue and, based on the preliminary results of our evaluation, we do not expect the

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SIRIUS XM HOLDINGS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - Continued
(UNAUDITED)
(Dollars and shares in thousands, except per share amounts)

application of this ASU to have a material impact on the recognition of these revenues. We are still evaluating the impact of this ASU as it relates to other ancillary revenue, as well as certain associated expenses. Depending on the results of our review, there could be changes to the classification and timing of recognition of revenues and expenses related to these ancillary areas. We expect to complete our assessment of this ASU by the end of the third quarter of 2017, along with our implementation process prior to the adoption of this ASU on January 1, 2018.

(4)
Earnings per Share
Basic net income per common share is calculated by dividing the income available to common stockholders by the weighted average common shares outstanding during each reporting period.  Diluted net income per common share adjusts the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the potential dilution that could occur if common stock equivalents (stock options and restricted stock units) were exercised or converted into common stock, calculated using the treasury stock method. We had no participating securities during the three and six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016.
Common stock equivalents of 35,468 and 232,784 for the three months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively, and 35,447 and 238,391 for the six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively, were excluded from the calculation of diluted net income per common share as the effect would have been anti-dilutive.
 
For the Three Months Ended June 30,
 
For the Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2017
 
2016
 
2017
 
2016
Numerator:
 

 
 

 
 
 
 
Net income available to common stockholders for basic and diluted net income per common share
$
202,109

 
$
174,965

 
$
409,182

 
$
347,405

Denominator:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 
Weighted average common shares outstanding for basic net income per common share
4,652,426

 
4,938,820

 
4,681,223

 
5,002,070

Weighted average impact of dilutive equity instruments
83,166

 
49,427

 
78,518

 
47,501

Weighted average shares for diluted net income per common share
4,735,592

 
4,988,247

 
4,759,741

 
5,049,571

Net income per common share:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 
Basic
$
0.04

 
$
0.04

 
$
0.09

 
$
0.07

Diluted
$
0.04

 
$
0.04

 
$
0.09

 
$
0.07


(5)
Receivables, net
Receivables, net, includes customer accounts receivable, receivables from distributors and other receivables.
Customer accounts receivable, net, includes receivables from our subscribers and other customers, including advertising, and is stated at amounts due, net of an allowance for doubtful accounts. Our allowance for doubtful accounts is based upon our assessment of various factors.  We consider historical experience, the age of the receivable balances, current economic conditions and other factors that may affect the counterparty’s ability to pay.  Bad debt expense is included in Customer service and billing expense in our unaudited consolidated statements of comprehensive income.
Receivables from distributors primarily include billed and unbilled amounts due from OEMs for services included in the sale or lease price of vehicles, as well as billed amounts due from wholesale distributors of our satellite radios.  Other receivables primarily include amounts due from manufacturers of our radios, modules and chipsets where we are entitled to subsidies and royalties based on the number of units produced.  We have not established an allowance for doubtful accounts for our receivables from distributors or other receivables as we have historically not experienced any significant collection issues with OEMs or other third parties.

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SIRIUS XM HOLDINGS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - Continued
(UNAUDITED)
(Dollars and shares in thousands, except per share amounts)

Receivables, net, consists of the following:
 
June 30, 2017
 
December 31, 2016
Gross customer accounts receivable
$
109,562

 
$
105,737

Allowance for doubtful accounts
(8,570
)
 
(8,658
)
Customer accounts receivable, net
$
100,992

 
$
97,079

Receivables from distributors
109,762

 
98,498

Other receivables
23,598

 
27,452

Total receivables, net
$
234,352

 
$
223,029


(6)
Inventory, net
Inventory consists of finished goods, refurbished goods, chipsets and other raw material components used in manufacturing radios and devices. Inventory is stated at the lower of cost or market.  We record an estimated allowance for inventory that is considered slow moving or obsolete or whose carrying value is in excess of net realizable value.  The provision related to products purchased for resale in our direct to consumer distribution channel and components held for resale by us is reported as a component of Cost of equipment in our unaudited consolidated statements of comprehensive income.  The provision related to inventory consumed in our OEM channel is reported as a component of Subscriber acquisition costs in our unaudited consolidated statements of comprehensive income.
Inventory, net, consists of the following:
 
June 30, 2017
 
December 31, 2016
Raw materials
$
8,034

 
$
10,219

Finished goods
20,855

 
19,581

Allowance for obsolescence
(9,308
)
 
(9,437
)
Total inventory, net
$
19,581

 
$
20,363


(7)
Goodwill
Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the estimated fair value of the net tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired in business combinations.  Our annual impairment assessment of our single reporting unit is performed as of the fourth quarter of each year, and an assessment is performed at other times if an event occurs or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying amount.  If the carrying amount of goodwill exceeds its fair value, an impairment loss is recognized. As a result of the acquisition of Automatic, we recorded additional goodwill of $85,133 during the three and six months ended June 30, 2017.
As of June 30, 2017, there were no indicators of impairment, and no impairment loss was recorded, for goodwill during the three and six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016.  As of June 30, 2017, the cumulative balance of goodwill impairments recorded since the July 2008 merger (the “Merger”) between our wholly owned subsidiary, Vernon Merger Corporation, and XM Satellite Radio Holdings Inc. (“XM”), was $4,766,190, which was recognized during the year ended December 31, 2008.


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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - Continued
(UNAUDITED)
(Dollars and shares in thousands, except per share amounts)

(8)
Intangible Assets
Our intangible assets include the following:
 
 
 
June 30, 2017
 
December 31, 2016
 
Weighted
Average
Useful Lives
 
Gross
Carrying
Value
 
Accumulated Amortization
 
Net Carrying
Value
 
Gross
Carrying
Value
 
Accumulated Amortization
 
Net Carrying
Value
Indefinite life intangible assets:
 
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

FCC licenses
Indefinite
 
$
2,083,654

 
$
—

 
$
2,083,654

 
$
2,083,654

 
$
—

 
$
2,083,654

Trademark
Indefinite
 
250,800

 
—

 
250,800

 
250,000

 
—

 
250,000

Definite life intangible assets:
 
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Subscriber relationships
9 years
 
380,000

 
(377,896
)
 
2,104

 
380,000

 
(364,893
)
 
15,107

OEM relationships
15 years
 
220,000

 
(53,778
)
 
166,222

 
220,000

 
(46,444
)
 
173,556

Licensing agreements
12 years
 
45,289

 
(32,506
)
 
12,783

 
45,289

 
(30,664
)
 
14,625

Software and technology
7 years
 
43,915

 
(22,803
)
 
21,112

 
29,215

 
(21,356
)
 
7,859

Total intangible assets
 
 
$
3,023,658

 
$
(486,983
)
 
$
2,536,675

 
$
3,008,158

 
$
(463,357
)
 
$
2,544,801


Indefinite Life Intangible Assets
We have identified our FCC licenses and the XM trademark as indefinite life intangible assets after considering the expected use of the assets, the regulatory and economic environment within which they are used and the effects of obsolescence on their use. As part of the Automatic acquisition in April 2017, we have also identified $800 related to its trademark.
We hold FCC licenses to operate our satellite digital audio radio service and provide ancillary services. The following table outlines the years in which each of our satellite licenses expires:
FCC satellite licenses
 
Expiration year
SIRIUS FM-5
 
2025
SIRIUS FM-6
 
2022
XM-3
 
2021
XM-4
 
2022
XM-5
 
2018
Prior to expiration, we are required to apply for a renewal of our FCC licenses.  The renewal and extension of our licenses is reasonably certain at minimal cost, which is expensed as incurred.  Each of the FCC licenses authorizes us to use the radio spectrum, which is a renewable, reusable resource that does not deplete or exhaust over time.
Our annual impairment assessment of our identifiable indefinite life intangible assets is performed as of the fourth quarter of each year. An assessment is performed at other times if an event occurs or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of the asset below its carrying value. If the carrying value of the intangible assets exceeds its fair value, an impairment loss is recognized. As of June 30, 2017, there were no indicators of impairment, and no impairment loss was recorded, for intangible assets with indefinite lives during the three and six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016.

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SIRIUS XM HOLDINGS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - Continued
(UNAUDITED)
(Dollars and shares in thousands, except per share amounts)

Definite Life Intangible Assets
As part of the Automatic acquisition in April 2017, $14,700 has been allocated to identifiable intangible assets subject to amortization and relates to the assessed fair value of software and technology. Amortization expense for all definite life intangible assets was $12,098 and $12,258 for the three months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively, and $23,626 and $24,698 for the six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively. Expected amortization expense for the remaining period in 2017, each of the fiscal years 2018 through 2021 and for periods thereafter is as follows:
Years ending December 31,
 
Amount
2017 (remaining)
 
$
13,829

2018
 
23,138

2019
 
22,701

2020
 
22,121

2021
 
16,678

Thereafter
 
103,754

Total definite life intangible assets, net
 
$
202,221


(9)
Property and Equipment
Property and equipment, net, consists of the following:
 
June 30, 2017
 
December 31, 2016
Satellite system
$
1,586,794

 
$
1,586,794

Terrestrial repeater network
129,127

 
127,854

Leasehold improvements
54,749

 
53,898

Broadcast studio equipment
88,634

 
84,697

Capitalized software and hardware
606,567

 
558,101

Satellite telemetry, tracking and control facilities
66,759

 
77,290

Furniture, fixtures, equipment and other
91,567

 
90,214

Land
38,411

 
38,411

Building
61,729

 
61,597

Construction in progress
223,543

 
144,954

Total property and equipment
2,947,880

 
2,823,810

Accumulated depreciation and amortization
(1,537,615
)
 
(1,425,117
)
Property and equipment, net
$
1,410,265

 
$
1,398,693

Construction in progress consists of the following:
 
June 30, 2017
 
December 31, 2016
Satellite system
$
96,759

 
$
43,977

Terrestrial repeater network
1,863

 
1,139

Capitalized software
104,660

 
82,204

Other
20,261

 
17,634

Construction in progress
$
223,543

 
$
144,954

Depreciation and amortization expense on property and equipment was $61,421 and $54,450 for the three months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively, and $126,597 and $109,637 for the six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively.  We retired property and equipment of $14,760 and $36,512 during the six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively. We recognized a loss on disposal of assets of $12,912, which was recorded in Satellite and transmission expense

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SIRIUS XM HOLDINGS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - Continued
(UNAUDITED)
(Dollars and shares in thousands, except per share amounts)

in our unaudited consolidated statements of comprehensive income during the three and six months ended June 30, 2016, which related to the disposal of certain obsolete spare parts for a future satellite.
We capitalize a portion of the interest on funds borrowed to finance the construction and launch of our satellites and launch vehicles. Capitalized interest is recorded as part of the asset’s cost and depreciated over the satellite’s useful life. Capitalized interest costs for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017 was $1,005 and $1,723, respectively, which related to the construction of our SXM-7 and SXM-8 satellites. We did not capitalize any interest costs for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016.
Satellites
As of June 30, 2017, we owned a fleet of five satellites.  The chart below provides certain information on our satellites as of June 30, 2017:
Satellite Description
 
Year Delivered
 
Estimated End of
Depreciable Life
SIRIUS FM-5
 
2009
 
2024
SIRIUS FM-6
 
2013
 
2028
XM-3
 
2005
 
2020
XM-4
 
2006
 
2021
XM-5
 
2010
 
2025

(10)
Related Party Transactions 
In the normal course of business, we enter into transactions with related parties.

Liberty Media
As of June 30, 2017, Liberty Media beneficially owned, directly and indirectly, approximately 68% of the outstanding shares of our common stock and has two executives and one of its directors on our board of directors.  Gregory B. Maffei, the President and Chief Executive Officer of Liberty Media, is the Chairman of our board of directors.

Sirius XM Canada
On May 25, 2017, Sirius XM completed a recapitalization of Sirius XM Canada (the “Transaction”), which is now a privately held corporation.
Following the Transaction, Sirius XM holds a 70% equity interest and 33% voting interest in Sirius XM Canada, with the remainder of the voting power and equity interest held by two of Sirius XM Canada’s previous shareholders. The total consideration from Sirius XM to Sirius XM Canada, excluding transaction costs, during the three and six months ended June 30, 2017 was $308,526, which included $129,676 in cash and we issued 35,000 shares of our common stock with an aggregate value of $178,850 to the holders of the shares of Sirius XM Canada acquired in the Transaction. Sirius XM received common stock, non-voting common stock and preferred stock of Sirius XM Canada. Sirius XM now owns a total of 590,950 shares of preferred stock of Sirius XM Canada, which has a liquidation preference of one Canadian dollar per share.
In connection with the Transaction, Sirius XM also made a contribution in the form of a loan to Sirius XM Canada in the aggregate amount of $130,794 on May 25, 2017. The loan is denominated in Canadian dollars and is considered a long-term investment with any unrealized gains or losses reported within Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income. Such loan has a term of fifteen years, bears interest at a rate of 7.62% per annum and includes customary covenants and events of default, including an event of default relating to Sirius XM Canada’s failure to maintain specified leverage ratios. In addition, the terms of the loan require Sirius XM Canada to prepay a portion of the outstanding principal amount of the loan within sixty days of the end of each fiscal year in an amount equal to any cash on hand in excess of C$10,000 at the last day of the financial year if all target dividends have been paid in full.
In connection with the Transaction, Sirius XM also entered into a Services Agreement and an Advisory Services Agreement with Sirius XM Canada. Each agreement has a thirty year term. Pursuant to the Services Agreement, Sirius XM

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SIRIUS XM HOLDINGS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - Continued
(UNAUDITED)
(Dollars and shares in thousands, except per share amounts)

Canada will pay Sirius XM 25% of its gross revenues on a monthly basis through December 31, 2021 and 30% of its gross revenues on a monthly basis thereafter. Pursuant to the Advisory Services Agreement, Sirius XM Canada will pay Sirius XM 5% of its gross revenues on a monthly basis. These agreements supersede and replace the existing agreements between Sirius XM Canada and its predecessors and Sirius XM.
Sirius XM Canada is accounted for as an equity method investment, and its results are not consolidated in our consolidated financial statements. As we do not have the ability to direct the most significant activities that impact Sirius XM Canada's economic performance, we do not meet the requirements for consolidation.
We had the following related party balances associated with Sirius XM Canada:

June 30, 2017

December 31, 2016
Related party current assets
$
12,085

 
$
6,170

Related party long-term assets
$
449,417

 
$
8,918

Related party current liabilities
$
2,840

 
$
2,840

Related party long-term liabilities
$
6,535

 
$
7,955

Under the legacy agreement, as of December 31, 2016, our related party current assets balance primarily consisted of activation fees and streaming and chipset costs for which we were reimbursed. As of June 30, 2017, our related party current asset balance included amounts due under the new royalty arrangement and certain amounts due prior to the recapitalization. Our related party long-term assets balance as of June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016 included the carrying value of our investment balance in Sirius XM Canada of $313,698 and $8,615, respectively, and, as of June 30, 2017, also included $135,421 for the current value of the outstanding loan to Sirius XM Canada. Our related party liabilities as of each of June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016 included $2,776 for the current portion of deferred revenue and $6,476 and $7,867, respectively, for the long-term portion of deferred revenue recorded as of the Merger date related to agreements with legacy XM Canada, now Sirius XM Canada.  These costs are being amortized on a straight line basis through 2020.
We recorded the following revenue and other (expense) income associated with Sirius XM Canada in our unaudited consolidated statements of comprehensive income:
 
For the Three Months Ended June 30,
 
For the Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2017
 
2016
 
2017
 
2016
Revenue (a)(b)
$
28,129

 
$
10,667

 
$
40,345


$
20,578

Other (expense) income
 

 
 

 





Share of net (loss) earnings (b)
$
(5,197
)
 
$
2,177

 
$
(2,183
)

$
8,451

Dividends (c)
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
3,796


$
3,575

Interest income (d)
$
803


$
—


$
803


$
—

(a)
Prior to the Transaction, under our legacy agreements with Sirius XM Canada, we received a percentage-based royalty of 10% and 15% for certain types of subscription revenue earned by Sirius XM Canada for the use of Sirius and XM platforms, respectively, and additional royalties for premium services and royalties for activation fees and reimbursements for other charges.  We record revenue from Sirius XM Canada as Other revenue in our unaudited consolidated statements of comprehensive income.
(b)
Prior to the Transaction, we recognized our proportionate share of revenue and earnings or losses attributable to Sirius XM Canada as they occurred as Other revenue and as a component of Other (expense) income, respectively, in our unaudited consolidated statements of comprehensive income on a one month lag. As a result of the Transaction, there is no longer a one-month lag for recognizing our proportionate share of revenue and earnings or losses attributable to Sirius XM Canada.
(c)
Sirius XM Canada paid dividends to us on a gross basis of $3,973 during the three months ended June 30, 2016, and $3,796 and $7,548 during the six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively.  These dividends were first recorded as a reduction to our investment balance in Sirius XM Canada to the extent a balance existed and then as Other (expense) income for the remaining portion. Sirius XM Canada did not pay any dividends to us during the three months ended June 30, 2017.
(d)
This interest income relates to the loan to Sirius XM Canada and is recorded as Other (expense) income in our unaudited consolidated statements of comprehensive income.


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SIRIUS XM HOLDINGS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - Continued
(UNAUDITED)
(Dollars and shares in thousands, except per share amounts)

(11)
Long-term Investment
On June 9, 2017, Sirius XM entered into an agreement to purchase a 19% interest, or approximately 16% on an as converted basis, in Pandora for $480,000. Pandora operates an internet-based music discovery platform, offering a personalized experience for listeners.
The Investment Agreement with Pandora relates to the issuance and sale of 480 shares of Pandora’s Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the “Series A Preferred Stock”), for an aggregate purchase price of $480,000, or one thousand dollars per share. In accordance with the Investment Agreement, Sirius XM purchased 172.5 shares of Series A Preferred Stock on June 9, 2017 for $172,500 (the “Initial Closing”), and will purchase the remaining 307.5 shares for $307,500 at a future date (the “Additional Closing”), subject to satisfaction of certain customary closing conditions, including, among others, obtaining clearance under the Hart-Scott-Rodino Act.
Beginning on the date of the Additional Closing (or if the Investment Agreement is terminated prior to the Additional Closing, the date of such termination), the Series A Preferred Stock is convertible at the option of the holders at any time into shares of common stock of Pandora (“Pandora Common Stock”) at an initial conversion price of $10.50 per share of Pandora Common Stock and an initial conversion rate of 95.2381 shares of Pandora Common Stock per share of Series A Preferred Stock, subject to certain customary anti-dilution adjustments. Holders of the Series A Preferred Stock are entitled to a cumulative dividend at the rate of 6.0% per annum, payable quarterly in arrears, if and when declared. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2017, we recognized $604 related to the dividend which was recorded to Other (expense) income in our unaudited consolidated statements of comprehensive income and Long-term investment within our unaudited consolidated balance sheets. Any conversion of Series A Preferred Stock may be settled by Pandora, at its option, in shares of Pandora Common Stock, cash or any combination thereof. However, unless and until Pandora’s stockholders have approved the issuance of greater than 19.99% of the outstanding Pandora Common Stock, the Series A Preferred Stock may not be converted into more than 19.99% of Pandora’s outstanding Pandora Common Stock as of the Initial Closing.
The investment includes a mandatory redemption feature on any date after the fifth anniversary of the Additional Closing (or, if the Additional Closing does not occur, the fifth anniversary of the Initial Closing) at 100% of the liquidation preference plus accrued and unpaid dividends and therefore the investment qualifies as a debt security under ASC 320. As the investment will include a conversion option upon the Additional Closing, we have elected to account for this investment under the fair value option to reduce the accounting asymmetry that would otherwise arise when recognizing the changes in the fair value of available-for-sale investments. Under the fair value option, any gains (losses) associated with the change in fair value will be recognized in Other (expense) income within our unaudited consolidated statements of comprehensive income. There was no gain or loss recognized during the three or six months ended June 30, 2017 associated with this investment.
Pursuant to the Investment Agreement, upon the Additional Closing, Pandora has agreed to appoint three individuals, including the Chairman, to be designated by us to Pandora’s board of directors. Once this occurs, we will reclassify the investment to related parties.
Our right to designate directors will fall away once we and our affiliates fail to beneficially own shares of Series A Preferred Stock and/or Pandora Common Stock issued upon conversion thereof equal to (on an as-converted basis) at least 50% of the number of shares of Pandora Common Stock issuable upon conversion of the Series A Preferred Stock purchased under the Investment Agreement. Following the earlier to occur of (i) the second anniversary of the Additional Closing and (ii) the date on which we and our affiliates fail to beneficially own shares of Series A Preferred Stock and/or Pandora Common Stock that were issued upon conversion of Series A Preferred Stock equal to (on an as-converted basis) at least 75% of the number of shares of Pandora Common Stock issuable upon conversion of the Series A Preferred Stock purchased under the Investment Agreement, we have the right to designate only two directors.
We are subject to certain standstill restrictions, including, among other things, that we are restricted from acquiring additional securities of Pandora for eighteen months after the Initial Closing.
The Investment Agreement may be terminated by either party if the Additional Closing has not occurred by February 1, 2018, subject to extension in certain circumstances. However, if all applicable closing conditions have been satisfied as of such date other than with respect to the expiration or early termination of the applicable waiting period under the HSR Act, such termination date will be extended for an additional 60 days.

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SIRIUS XM HOLDINGS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - Continued
(UNAUDITED)
(Dollars and shares in thousands, except per share amounts)

Beginning on the date of the Additional Closing, we are entitled to vote as a single class with the holders of Pandora Common Stock on an as-converted basis (up to a maximum of 19.99% of the Pandora Common Stock outstanding on the date of the Initial Closing, unless stockholder approval has been received). Effective as of the date of the Initial Closing, we are also entitled to a separate class vote with respect to certain amendments to Pandora’s organizational documents, issuances by Pandora of securities that are senior to, or equal in priority with, the Series A Preferred Stock and the incurrence of certain indebtedness by Pandora.
Upon certain change of control events involving Pandora, Pandora is required to repurchase all of the Series A Preferred Stock at a price equal to the greater of (1) an amount in cash equal to 100% of the liquidation preference thereof plus all accrued but unpaid dividends through the fifth anniversary of the Initial Closing (assuming such shares of Series A Preferred Stock remain outstanding through such date) and (2) the consideration the holders would have received if they had converted their shares of Series A Preferred Stock into Pandora Common Stock immediately prior to the change of control event (disregarding the 19.99% cap).
Beginning (i) after the third anniversary of the date of the Additional Closing (or, if the Additional Closing does not occur, the third anniversary of the Initial Closing) or (ii) after the Investment Agreement is terminated prior to the Additional Closing, if the volume weighted average price per share of Pandora Common Stock exceeds $18.375, as may be adjusted, for at least 20 trading days in any period of 30 consecutive trading days, Pandora may redeem all of the outstanding Series A Preferred Stock at 100% of the liquidation preference thereof plus all accrued but unpaid dividends for, at the election of Pandora, cash, shares of Pandora Common Stock or a combination thereof, provided that Pandora may not settle the redemption for shares of Pandora Common Stock to the extent the 19.99% cap would be exceeded.
Pursuant to a registration rights agreement entered into with Pandora, we have certain customary registration rights with respect to the Series A Preferred Stock and Pandora Common Stock issued upon conversion thereof.


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SIRIUS XM HOLDINGS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - Continued
(UNAUDITED)
(Dollars and shares in thousands, except per share amounts)

(12)
Debt
Our debt as of June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016 consisted of the following:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Carrying value(a) at
Issuer / Borrower
 
Issued
 
Debt
 
Maturity Date
 
Interest Payable
 
Principal Amount at June 30, 2017
 
June 30, 2017
 
December 31, 2016
Sirius XM
(b)(e)(f)
 
May 2013
 
4.25% Senior Notes
(the "4.25% Notes")
 
May 15, 2020
 
semi-annually on May 15 and November15
 
$
500,000

 
$
497,476

 
$
497,069

Sirius XM
(b)(f)
 
August 2013
 
5.75% Senior Notes
(the "5.75% Notes")
 
August 1, 2021
 
semi-annually on February 1 and August 1
 
600,000

 
596,735

 
596,386

Sirius XM
(b)
 
May 2013
 
4.625% Senior Notes
(the "4.625% Notes")
 
May 15, 2023
 
semi-annually on May 15 and November 15
 
500,000

 
496,375

 
496,111

Sirius XM
(b)
 
May 2014
 
6.00% Senior Notes
(the "6.00% Notes")
 
July 15, 2024
 
semi-annually on January 15 and July 15
 
1,500,000

 
1,487,268

 
1,486,556

Sirius XM
(b)
 
March 2015
 
5.375% Senior Notes
(the "5.375% Notes due 2025")
 
April 15, 2025
 
semi-annually on April 15 and October 15
 
1,000,000

 
990,806

 
990,340

Sirius XM
(b)
 
May 2016
 
5.375% Senior Notes
(the "5.375% Notes due 2026")
 
July 15, 2026
 
semi-annually on January 15 and July 15
 
1,000,000

 
989,693

 
989,259

Sirius XM
(b)(c)
 
August 2012
 
5.25% Senior Secured Notes (the "5.25% Notes")
 
August 15, 2022
 
semi-annually on February 15 and August 15
 
400,000

 
396,522

 
396,232

Sirius XM
(d)(f)
 
December 2012
 
Senior Secured
Revolving Credit Facility (the "Credit Facility")
 
June 16, 2020
 
variable fee paid quarterly
 
1,750,000

 
1,000,000

 
390,000

Sirius XM
 
Various
 
Capital leases
 
Various
 
 n/a
 
 n/a

 
10,832

 
13,559

Total Debt
 
6,465,707

 
5,855,512

Less: total current maturities
 
5,160

 
5,485

Less: total deferred financing costs for Notes
 
6,790

 
7,263

Total long-term debt
 
$
6,453,757

 
$
5,842,764

(a)
The carrying value of the obligations is net of any remaining unamortized original issue discount.
(b)
Substantially all of our domestic wholly-owned subsidiaries have guaranteed these notes.
(c)
The liens securing the 5.25% Notes are equal and ratable to the liens granted to secure the Credit Facility.  
(d)
Sirius XM's obligations under the Credit Facility are guaranteed by certain of its material domestic subsidiaries and are secured by a lien on substantially all of Sirius XM's assets and the assets of its material domestic subsidiaries.  Interest on borrowings is payable on a monthly basis and accrues at a rate based on LIBOR plus an applicable rate.  Sirius XM is also required to pay a variable fee on the average daily unused portion of the Credit Facility which is payable on a quarterly basis.  The variable rate for the unused portion of the Credit Facility was 0.25% per annum as of June 30, 2017.  Sirius XM's outstanding borrowings under the Credit Facility are classified as Long-term debt within our unaudited consolidated balance sheets due to the long-term maturity of this debt.
(e)
On June 27, 2017, Sirius XM issued a redemption notice pursuant to the indenture governing the 4.25% Notes to redeem all of its 4.25% Notes.
(f)
For a discussion of subsequent events related to this debt refer to Note 17.
Covenants and Restrictions
Under the Credit Facility, Sirius XM, our wholly-owned subsidiary, must comply with a debt maintenance covenant that it cannot exceed a total leverage ratio, calculated as consolidated total debt to consolidated operating cash flow, of 5.0 to 1.0.  The Credit Facility generally requires compliance with certain covenants that restrict Sirius XM's ability to, among other things, (i) incur additional indebtedness, (ii) incur liens, (iii) pay dividends or make certain other restricted payments, investments or acquisitions, (iv) enter into certain transactions with affiliates, (v) merge or consolidate with another person, (vi) sell, assign, lease or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of Sirius XM's assets, and (vii) make voluntary prepayments of certain debt, in each case subject to exceptions.

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SIRIUS XM HOLDINGS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - Continued
(UNAUDITED)
(Dollars and shares in thousands, except per share amounts)

The indentures governing Sirius XM's notes restrict Sirius XM's non-guarantor subsidiaries' ability to create, assume, incur or guarantee additional indebtedness without such non-guarantor subsidiary guaranteeing each such series of notes on a pari passu basis.  The indentures governing the notes also contain covenants that, among other things, limit Sirius XM's ability and the ability of its subsidiaries to create certain liens; enter into sale/leaseback transactions; and merge or consolidate.
Under Sirius XM's debt agreements, the following generally constitute an event of default: (i) a default in the payment of interest; (ii) a default in the payment of principal; (iii) failure to comply with covenants; (iv) failure to pay other indebtedness after final maturity or acceleration of other indebtedness exceeding a specified amount; (v) certain events of bankruptcy; (vi) a judgment for payment of money exceeding a specified aggregate amount; and (vii) voidance of subsidiary guarantees, subject to grace periods where applicable.  If an event of default occurs and is continuing, our debt could become immediately due and payable.
At June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, we were in compliance with our debt covenants.

(13)
Stockholders’ Equity
Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share
We are authorized to issue up to 9,000,000 shares of common stock. There were 4,628,821 and 4,746,047 shares of common stock issued and 4,626,078 and 4,740,947 shares outstanding on June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively. As part of the recapitalization of Sirius XM Canada, we issued 35,000 shares of our common stock to the holders of the shares of Sirius XM Canada.
As of June 30, 2017, there were 341,507 shares of common stock reserved for issuance in connection with outstanding stock based awards and common stock to be granted to members of our board of directors, employees and third parties.
Quarterly Dividends Declared, $0.01 per share
On April 25, 2017, our board of directors declared a dividend on our common stock in the amount of $0.01 per share of common stock to stockholders of record as of the close of business on May 10, 2017. The dividend was paid in cash on May 31, 2017 in the aggregate amount of $46,501. We also paid a dividend in cash on February 28, 2017 in the aggregate amount of $47,137. For a discussion of subsequent events refer to Note 17.
Stock Repurchase Program
As of June 30, 2017, our board of directors had approved for repurchase an aggregate of $10,000,000 of our common stock.  Our board of directors did not establish an end date for this stock repurchase program.  Shares of common stock may be purchased from time to time on the open market, pursuant to pre-set trading plans meeting the requirements of Rule 10b5-1 under the Exchange Act, in privately negotiated transactions, including transactions with Liberty Media and its affiliates, or otherwise.  As of June 30, 2017, our cumulative repurchases since December 2012 under our stock repurchase program totaled 2,359,319 shares for $8,749,538, and $1,250,462 remained available under our stock repurchase program.
The following table summarizes our total share repurchase activity for the six months ended:
 
 
June 30, 2017
 
June 30, 2016
Share Repurchase Type
 
Shares
 
Amount
 
Shares
 
Amount
Open Market (a)
 
155,711

 
$
775,701

 
261,451

 
$
991,363

(a)
As of June 30, 2017, $14,783 of common stock repurchases had not settled, nor been retired, and were recorded as Treasury stock within our unaudited consolidated balance sheets and unaudited consolidated statements of stockholders’ (deficit) equity. For a discussion of subsequent events refer to Note 17.
Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share
We are authorized to issue up to 50,000 shares of undesignated preferred stock with a liquidation preference of $0.001 per share.  There were no shares of preferred stock issued or outstanding as of June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016.

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - Continued
(UNAUDITED)
(Dollars and shares in thousands, except per share amounts)


(14)
Benefit Plans 
We recognized share-based payment expense of $30,251 and $24,177 for the three months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively, and $59,697 and $47,870 for the six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively.
2015 Long-Term Stock Incentive Plan
In May 2015, our stockholders approved the Sirius XM Holdings Inc. 2015 Long-Term Stock Incentive Plan (the “2015 Plan”).  Employees, consultants and members of our board of directors are eligible to receive awards under the 2015 Plan.  The 2015 Plan provides for the grant of stock options, restricted stock awards, restricted stock units and other stock-based awards that the compensation committee of our board of directors deem appropriate.  Stock-based awards granted under the 2015 Plan are generally subject to a graded vesting requirement, which is generally three to four years from the grant date.  Stock options generally expire ten years from the date of grant.  Restricted stock units include performance-based restricted stock units (“PRSUs”), the vesting of which is subject to the employee's continued employment. PRSU awards are subject to the achievement of performance goals and generally cliff vest on the three-year anniversary of the grant date. Each restricted stock unit entitles the holder to receive one share of common stock upon vesting.  As of June 30, 2017, 182,345 shares of common stock were available for future grants under the 2015 Plan.
Other Plans
We maintain three other share-based benefit plans — the Sirius XM Radio Inc. 2009 Long-Term Stock Incentive Plan, the XM 2007 Stock Incentive Plan and the Amended and Restated Sirius Satellite Radio 2003 Long-Term Stock Incentive Plan. Excluding dividend equivalent units granted as a result of a declared dividend, no further awards may be made under these plans.
The following table summarizes the weighted-average assumptions used to compute the fair value of options granted to employees and members of our board of directors:
 
For the Three Months Ended June 30,
 
For the Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2017
 
2016
 
2017
 
2016
Risk-free interest rate
1.6%
 
1.2%
 
1.6%
 
1.2%
Expected life of options — years
4.35
 
3.79
 
4.07
 
3.78
Expected stock price volatility
26%
 
24%
 
26%
 
24%
Expected dividend yield
0.8%
 
0.0%
 
0.8%
 
0.0%
There were no options granted to third parties during the three and six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016.  Since we did not historically pay dividends on our common stock prior to the fourth quarter of 2016, the expected dividend yield used in the Black-Scholes option pricing model was zero for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016.
The following table summarizes stock option activity under our share-based plans for the six months ended June 30, 2017:
 
Options
 
Weighted-
Average
Exercise
Price Per Share
 
Weighted-
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term (Years)
 
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
Outstanding as of December 31, 2016
332,648

 
$
3.50

 
 
 
 
Granted
3,047

 
$
4.91

 
 
 
 
Exercised
(21,616
)
 
$
2.78

 
 
 
 
Forfeited, cancelled or expired
(2,657
)
 
$
3.76

 
 
 
 
Outstanding as of June 30, 2017
311,422

 
$
3.56

 
6.94
 
$
593,984

Exercisable as of June 30, 2017
21,616

 
$
2.91

 
5.73
 
$
291,021


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SIRIUS XM HOLDINGS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - Continued
(UNAUDITED)
(Dollars and shares in thousands, except per share amounts)

The weighted average grant date fair value per share of options granted during the six months ended June 30, 2017 was $1.04.  The total intrinsic value of stock options exercised during the six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016 was $47,572 and $12,942, respectively.  During the six months ended June 30, 2017, the number of net settled shares which were issued as a result of stock option exercises was 5,364.
We recognized share-based payment expense associated with stock options of $20,125 and $18,987 for the three months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively, and $39,637 and $38,026 for the six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively.
The following table summarizes the restricted stock unit, including PRSUs, activity under our share-based plans for the six months ended June 30, 2017:
 
Shares
 
Grant Date
Fair Value
Per Share
Nonvested as of December 31, 2016
29,893

 
$
4.03

Granted
1,660

 
$
4.52

Vested
(978
)
 
$
3.83

Forfeited
(490
)
 
$
4.09

Nonvested as of June 30, 2017
30,085

 
$
4.07

The total intrinsic value of restricted stock units vesting during the six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016 was $4,802 and $765, respectively. During the six months ended June 30, 2017 the number of net settled shares which were issued as a result of restricted stock units vesting totaled 478. During the six months ended June 30, 2017, we granted 603 PRSUs to certain employees. We believe it is probable that the performance target applicable to these and other previously granted PRSUs will be achieved.
In connection with the cash dividends paid during the six months ended June 30, 2017, we granted 108 restricted stock units, including PRSUs, in accordance with the terms of existing award agreements. This grant did not result in any additional incremental share-based payment expense being recognized during the six months ended June 30, 2017.
We recognized share-based payment expense associated with restricted stock units, including PRSUs, of $10,126 and $5,190 for the three months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively, and $20,060 and $9,844 for the six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively.
Total unrecognized compensation costs related to unvested share-based payment awards for stock options and restricted stock units granted to employees, members of our board of directors and third parties at June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016 were $231,049 and $266,045, respectively.  The total unrecognized compensation costs at June 30, 2017 are expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.2 years.
401(k) Savings Plan
Sirius XM sponsors the Sirius XM Radio Inc. 401(k) Savings Plan (the “Sirius XM Plan”) for eligible employees. The Sirius XM Plan allows eligible employees to voluntarily contribute from 1% to 50% of their pre-tax eligible earnings, subject to certain defined limits. We match 50% of an employee’s voluntary contributions per pay period on the first 6% of an employee’s pre-tax salary up to a maximum of 3% of eligible compensation.  We may also make additional discretionary matching, true-up matching and non-elective contributions to the Sirius XM Plan.  Employer matching contributions under the Sirius XM Plan vest at a rate of 33.33% for each year of employment and are fully vested after three years of employment for all current and future contributions.  Our cash employer matching contributions are not used to purchase shares of our common stock on the open market, unless the employee elects our common stock as their investment option for this contribution.  We recognized $1,835 and $1,526 in expense during three months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively, and $3,517 and $3,217 in expense during six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively, in connection with the Sirius XM Plan.

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SIRIUS XM HOLDINGS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - Continued
(UNAUDITED)
(Dollars and shares in thousands, except per share amounts)

Sirius XM Holdings Inc. Deferred Compensation Plan
In 2015, we adopted the Sirius XM Holdings Inc. Deferred Compensation Plan (the “DCP”).  The DCP allows members of our board of directors and certain eligible employees to defer all or a portion of their base salary, cash incentive compensation and/or board of directors’ cash compensation, as applicable.  Pursuant to the terms of the DCP, we may elect to make additional contributions beyond amounts deferred by participants, but we are under no obligation to do so.  We have established a grantor (or “rabbi”) trust to facilitate the payment of our obligations under the DCP.
Contributions to the DCP, net of withdrawals, for the three months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016, were $334 and $156, respectively, and for the six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016, were $7,355 and $3,954, respectively. As of June 30, 2017, the fair value of the investments held in the trust was $13,111, which is included in Other long-term assets in our unaudited consolidated balance sheets and is classified as trading securities.  Trading gains and losses associated with these investments are recorded in Other (expense) income within our unaudited consolidated statements of comprehensive income.  The associated liability is recorded within Other long-term liabilities in our unaudited consolidated balance sheets, and any increase or decrease in the liability is recorded in General and administration expense within our unaudited consolidated statements of comprehensive income.  For the three and six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016, we recorded an immaterial amount of unrealized gains on investments held in the trust.

(15)
Commitments and Contingencies 
The following table summarizes our expected contractual cash commitments as of June 30, 2017:
 
2017
 
2018
 
2019
 
2020
 
2021

Thereafter

Total
Debt obligations
$
2,759


$
4,477


$
3,169


$
1,500,427


$
600,000


$
4,400,000


$
6,510,832

Cash interest payments
164,721


328,828


328,734


302,898


276,125


782,563


2,183,869

Satellite and transmission
55,576


67,922


51,760


25,749


19,296


6,667


226,970

Programming and content
163,057


314,120


290,215


244,738


165,939


206,100


1,384,169

Marketing and distribution
11,475


16,367


13,637


7,870


7,043


274


56,666

Satellite incentive payments
6,179


14,302


10,652


9,310


8,448


71,337


120,228

Operating lease obligations
18,726


43,037


39,409


37,154


31,317


153,103


322,746

Other
41,373


22,815


14,961


1,861


527


30


81,567

Total (1)
$
463,866


$
811,868


$
752,537


$
2,130,007


$
1,108,695


$
5,620,074


$
10,887,047

(1)
The table does not include our reserve for uncertain tax positions, which at June 30, 2017 totaled $6,570, as the specific timing of any cash payments cannot be projected with reasonable certainty.
Debt obligations.    Debt obligations include principal payments on outstanding debt and capital lease obligations.
Cash interest payments.    Cash interest payments include interest due on outstanding debt and capital lease payments through maturity.
Satellite and transmission.    During the year ended December 31, 2016, we entered into an agreement with Space Systems/Loral to design and build two satellites, SXM-7 and SXM-8, for our service. We also have entered into agreements with third parties to operate and maintain satellite telemetry, tracking and control facilities and certain components of our terrestrial repeater networks.
Programming and content.    We have entered into various programming agreements. Under the terms of these agreements, our obligations include fixed payments, advertising commitments and revenue sharing arrangements. Our future revenue sharing costs are dependent upon many factors and are difficult to estimate; therefore, they are not included in our minimum contractual cash commitments.
Marketing and distribution.    We have entered into various marketing, sponsorship and distribution agreements to promote our brand and are obligated to make payments to sponsors, retailers, automakers and radio manufacturers under these agreements. Certain programming and content agreements also require us to purchase advertising on properties owned or

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SIRIUS XM HOLDINGS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - Continued
(UNAUDITED)
(Dollars and shares in thousands, except per share amounts)

controlled by the licensors. We also reimburse automakers for certain costs associated with the incorporation of satellite radios into new vehicles they manufacture.
Satellite incentive payments.    Boeing Satellite Systems International, Inc., the manufacturer of certain of our in-orbit satellites, may be entitled to future in-orbit performance payments with respect to XM-3 and XM-4 meeting their fifteen-year design life, which we expect to occur.  Boeing may also be entitled to additional incentive payments up to $10,000 if our XM-4 satellite continues to operate above baseline specifications during the five years beyond the satellite’s fifteen-year design life.
Space Systems/Loral, the manufacturer of certain of our in-orbit satellites, may be entitled to future in-orbit performance payments with respect to XM-5, SIRIUS FM-5 and SIRIUS FM-6 meeting their fifteen-year design life, which we expect to occur.
Operating lease obligations.    We have entered into both cancelable and non-cancelable operating leases for office space, equipment and terrestrial repeaters. These leases provide for minimum lease payments, additional operating expense charges, leasehold improvements and rent escalations that have initial terms ranging from one to fifteen years, and certain leases have options to renew. The effect of the rent holidays and rent concessions are recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term, including reasonably assured renewal periods.
Other.    We have entered into various agreements with third parties for general operating purposes. In addition to the minimum contractual cash commitments described above, we have entered into agreements with other variable cost arrangements. These future costs are dependent upon many factors and are difficult to anticipate; however, these costs may be substantial. We may enter into additional programming, distribution, marketing and other agreements that contain similar variable cost provisions.  The cost of our common stock acquired in our capital return program but not paid for as of June 30, 2017 was also included in this category.
We do not have any other significant off-balance sheet financing arrangements that are reasonably likely to have a material effect on our financial condition, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources.
Legal Proceedings
In the ordinary course of business, we are a defendant or party to various claims and lawsuits, including those discussed below.
We record a liability when we believe that it is both probable that a liability will be incurred, and the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated. We evaluate developments in legal matters that could affect the amount of liability that has been previously accrued and make adjustments as appropriate.  Significant judgment is required to determine both probability and the estimated amount of a loss or potential loss.  We may be unable to estimate the reasonably possible loss or range of loss for a particular legal contingency for various reasons, including, among others, because: (i) the damages sought are indeterminate; (ii) the proceedings are in the relative early stages; (iii) there is uncertainty as to the outcome of pending proceedings (including motions and appeals); (iv) there is uncertainty as to the likelihood of settlement and the outcome of any negotiations with respect thereto; (v) there remain significant factual issues to be determined or resolved; (vi) the relevant law is unsettled; or (vii) the proceedings involve novel or untested legal theories.  In such instances, there may be considerable uncertainty regarding the ultimate resolution of such matters, including a possible eventual loss, if any.

SoundExchange Royalty Claims. In August 2013, SoundExchange, Inc. filed a complaint in the United States District Court for the District of Columbia alleging that we underpaid royalties for statutory licenses in violation of the regulations established by the Copyright Royalty Board for the 2007-2012 period. SoundExchange principally alleges that we improperly reduced our gross revenues applicable to royalties by improperly deducting revenue attributable to pre-1972 recordings and Premier package revenue that is not “separately charged” as required by the regulations. We believe that we properly applied the gross revenue exclusions contained in the regulations established by the Copyright Royalty Board. SoundExchange is seeking compensatory damages of not less than $50,000 and up to $100,000 or more, payment of late fees and interest, and attorneys’ fees and costs.

In August 2014, the United States District Court for the District of Columbia, in response to our motion to dismiss the complaint, stayed the case on the grounds that it properly should be pursued in the first instance before the Copyright Royalty

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SIRIUS XM HOLDINGS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - Continued
(UNAUDITED)
(Dollars and shares in thousands, except per share amounts)

Board rather than the District Court.  In its opinion, the District Court concluded that the gross revenue exclusions in the regulations established by the Copyright Royalty Board for the 2007-2012 period were ambiguous and did not, on their face, make clear whether our royalty calculation approaches were permissible under the regulations. In December 2014, SoundExchange filed a petition with the Copyright Royalty Board requesting an order interpreting the applicable regulations.

On January 10, 2017, the Copyright Royalty Board issued a ruling concluding that we correctly interpreted the revenue exclusions applicable to pre-1972 recordings, but in certain cases did not apply those exclusions properly. The ruling further indicated that we improperly claimed a revenue exclusion based on our Premier package upcharge, because, in the Judges’ view, the portion of the package that contained programming that did not include sound recordings was not offered for a “separate charge” in accordance with the regulations. On March 9, 2017, the Copyright Royalty Board issued an order withdrawing its January 10, 2017 ruling in its entirety and requesting that the parties submit briefs addressing certain jurisdictional issues related to this proceeding.

Rulings by the Copyright Royalty Board are subject to limited legal review by the Register of Copyrights. We expect that any ruling by the Copyright Royalty Board in this matter (and any potential review by the Register of Copyrights) will be transmitted back to the District Court for further proceedings, such as adjudication claims relating to damages and defenses. We believe we have substantial defenses to SoundExchange claims that can be asserted, including in proceedings in the District Court, and will continue to defend this action vigorously.

This matter is titled SoundExchange, Inc. v. Sirius XM Radio, Inc., No.13-cv-1290-RJL (D.D.C.), and Determination of Rates and Terms for Preexisting Subscription Services and Satellite Digital Audio Radio Services, United States Copyright Royalty Board, No. 2006-1 CRB DSTRA.  Information concerning the action is publicly available in filings under the docket numbers. This matter is not related to certain claims under state law brought by owners of pre-1972 recording copyrights arising out of our use and performance of those recordings.

At December 31, 2016, we concluded that a loss, in excess of our recorded liabilities, is reasonably possible in connection with the SoundExchange royalty claims. At June 30, 2017, the estimable portion of such possible loss continues to range from $0 to $70,000, plus any related interest or late fees. Based on our defenses, such a loss is not considered probable at this time and no liability for such additional loss has been recorded. The matters underlying this estimated range and the estimable portion of reasonably possible losses may change from time to time and the actual possible loss may vary from this estimate.

Other Matters.  In the ordinary course of business, we are a defendant in various other lawsuits and arbitration proceedings, including derivative actions; actions filed by subscribers, both on behalf of themselves and on a class action basis; former employees; parties to contracts or leases; and owners of patents, trademarks, copyrights or other intellectual property.  None of these other matters, in our opinion, is likely to have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.

(16)
Income Taxes
We file a consolidated federal income tax return for all of our wholly-owned subsidiaries, including Sirius XM.  For the three months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016, income tax expense was $119,513 and $106,310, respectively, and $233,486 and $214,552 for the six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively.
Our effective tax rate for the three months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016 was 37.2% and 37.8%, respectively. Our effective tax rate for the six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016 was 36.3% and 38.2%, respectively. The rate for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016 was impacted by the recognition of excess tax benefits or shortfalls related to share based compensation. We estimate our annual effective tax rate for the year ending December 31, 2017 will be 37.4%.
As of June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, we had a valuation allowance related to deferred tax assets of $44,022 and $47,682, respectively, that were not likely to be realized due to certain net operating loss limitations and acquired net operating losses that were not more likely than not going to be utilized.


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SIRIUS XM HOLDINGS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - Continued
(UNAUDITED)
(Dollars and shares in thousands, except per share amounts)

(17)
Subsequent Events
Debt Transactions
On June 27, 2017, Sirius XM issued a redemption notice pursuant to the indenture governing the 4.25% Notes to redeem all of its 4.25% Notes. The 4.25% Notes were redeemed on July 27, 2017 at 101.063% of the principal amount thereof plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon from May 15 through July 26, 2017 for a total amount of $509,565. This redemption will result in a Loss on extinguishment of debt and credit facilities, net, of approximately $8,393 in the third quarter of 2017.
On July 5, 2017, Sirius XM issued a redemption notice pursuant to the indenture governing the 5.75% Notes to redeem all of its 5.75% Notes. The 5.75% Notes will be redeemed on August 4, 2017 at 102.875% of the principal amount thereof plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon from August 1 through August 3, 2017 for a total amount of $617,538. This redemption will result in a Loss on extinguishment of debt and credit facilities, net, of approximately $20,963 in the third quarter of 2017.
On July 5, 2017, Sirius XM issued $750,000 aggregate principal amount of 3.875% Senior Notes due 2022 (the “3.875% Notes”) and $1,250,000 aggregate principal amount of 5.00% Senior Notes due 2027 (the “5.00% Notes”). For both series of notes, interest is payable semi-annually in arrears on February 1 and August 1, commencing on February 1, 2018. The 3.875% Notes will mature on August 1, 2022 and the 5.00% Notes will mature on August 1, 2027.
Capital Return Program
For the period from July 1, 2017 to July 25, 2017, we repurchased 13,314 shares of our common stock on the open market for an aggregate purchase price of $72,135, including fees and commissions.
On July 11, 2017, our board of directors declared a quarterly dividend on our common stock in the amount of $0.01 per share of common stock payable on August 31, 2017 to stockholders of record as of the close of business on August 10, 2017.

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ITEM 2.
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS 
All amounts referenced in this Item 2 are in thousands, except per subscriber and per installation amounts, unless otherwise stated.
The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our unaudited consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and with our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016.
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q presents information for Sirius XM Holdings Inc. (“Holdings”).  The terms “Holdings,” “we,” “us,” “our,” and “our company” as used herein and unless otherwise stated or indicated by context, refer to Sirius XM Holdings Inc. and its subsidiaries, and "Sirius XM" refers to, our wholly-owned subsidiary Sirius XM Radio Inc. Holdings has no operations independent of its wholly-owned subsidiary, Sirius XM.

Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
The following cautionary statements identify important factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those projected in forward-looking statements made in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and in other reports and documents published by us from time to time. Any statements about our beliefs, plans, objectives, expectations, assumptions, future events or performance are not historical facts and may be forward-looking. These statements are often, but not always, made through the use of words or phrases such as “will likely result,” “are expected to,” “will continue,” “is anticipated,” “estimated,” “intend,” “plan,” “projection” and “outlook.” Any forward-looking statements are qualified in their entirety by reference to the factors discussed throughout this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and in other reports and documents published by us from time to time, particularly the risk factors described under “Risk Factors” in Part I, Item 1A, of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016 and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” herein and in Part II, Item 7, of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016.

Among the significant factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those expressed in the forward-looking statements are:
•
we face substantial competition and that competition is likely to increase over time;
•
our ability to attract and retain subscribers in the future is uncertain;
•
our service may experience harmful interference from new wireless operations;
•
consumer protection laws and their enforcement could damage our business;
•
the unfavorable outcome of pending or future litigation could have a material adverse impact on our operations and financial condition;
•
the market for music rights is changing and is subject to significant uncertainties;
•
our business depends in large part upon the auto industry;
•
general economic conditions can affect our business;
•
if we fail to protect the security of personal information about our customers, we could be subject to costly government enforcement actions and private litigation and our reputation could suffer;
•
existing or future government laws and regulations could harm our business;
•
failure of our satellites would significantly damage our business;
•
interruption or failure of our information technology and communications systems could negatively impact our results and our brand;
•
we may not realize the benefits of acquisitions or other strategic investments and initiatives;
•
rapid technological and industry changes could adversely impact our services;
•
failure of third parties to perform could adversely affect our business;
•
failure to comply with FCC requirements could damage our business;

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•
we may from time to time modify our business plan, and these changes could adversely affect us and our financial condition;
•
we have a significant amount of indebtedness, and our debt contains certain covenants that restrict our operations;
•
our studios, terrestrial repeater networks, satellite uplink facilities or other ground facilities could be damaged by natural catastrophes or terrorist activities;
•
our principal stockholder has significant influence, including over actions requiring stockholder approval, and its interests may differ from the interests of other holders of our common stock;
•
we are a “controlled company” within the meaning of the NASDAQ listing rules and, as a result, qualify for, and rely on, exemptions from certain corporate governance requirements;
•
our business may be impaired by third-party intellectual property rights; and
•
while we currently pay a quarterly cash dividend to holders of our common stock, we may change our dividend policy at any time.

Because the risk factors referred to above could cause actual results or outcomes to differ materially from those expressed in any forward-looking statements made by us or on our behalf, you should not place undue reliance on any of these forward-looking statements. In addition, any forward-looking statement speaks only as of the date on which it is made, and we undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statement or statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date on which the statement is made, to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events or otherwise, except as required by law. New factors emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for us to predict which will arise or to assess with any precision the impact of each factor on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements.

Executive Summary
We transmit music, sports, entertainment, comedy, talk, news, traffic and weather channels, as well as infotainment services, in the United States on a subscription fee basis through our two proprietary satellite radio systems.  Subscribers can also receive music and other channels, plus features such as SiriusXM On Demand and MySXM, over our Internet radio service, including through applications for mobile devices, home devices and other consumer electronic equipment.  We are also a leader in providing connected vehicle services.  Our connected vehicle services are designed to enhance the safety, security and driving experience for vehicle operators while providing marketing and operational benefits to automakers and their dealers.  
We have agreements with every major automaker (“OEMs”) to offer satellite radio in their vehicles.  We also acquire subscribers through marketing to owners and lessees of previously owned vehicles that include factory-installed satellite radios that are not currently subscribing to our services.  Our satellite radios are primarily distributed through automakers; retail stores nationwide; and through our website. Satellite radio services are also offered to customers of certain rental car companies.
As of June 30, 2017, we had approximately 32.0 million subscribers of which approximately 26.7 million were self-pay subscribers and approximately 5.4 million were paid promotional subscribers. Our subscriber totals include subscribers under our regular pricing plans; discounted pricing plans; subscribers that have prepaid, including payments either made or due from automakers for subscriptions included in the sale or lease price of a vehicle; subscribers to our Internet services who do not also have satellite radio subscriptions; and certain subscribers to our weather, traffic, and data services who do not also have satellite radio subscriptions.  Subscribers and subscription related revenues and expenses associated with our connected vehicle services and the Sirius XM Canada service are not included in our subscriber count or subscriber-based operating metrics.
Our primary source of revenue is subscription fees, with most of our customers subscribing to annual, semi-annual, quarterly or monthly plans.  We offer discounts for prepaid, longer term subscription plans, as well as a multiple subscription discount.  We also derive revenue from activation and other fees, the sale of advertising on select non-music channels, the direct sale of satellite radios and accessories, and other ancillary services, such as our weather, traffic and data services.
In certain cases, a subscription to our radio services is included in the sale or lease price of new vehicles or previously owned vehicles. The length of these subscriptions varies but is typically three to twelve months.  We receive payments for these subscriptions from certain automakers.  We also reimburse various automakers for certain costs associated with satellite radios installed in new vehicles.

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As of June 30, 2017, Liberty Media beneficially owned, directly and indirectly, approximately 68% of the outstanding shares of our common stock.  As a result, we are a “controlled company” for the purposes of the NASDAQ corporate governance requirements.  Liberty Media owns interests in a range of media, communications and entertainment businesses.

Recent Transactions

During the three months ended June 30, 2017, we entered into several strategic transactions.

Acquisition of Automatic Labs. On April 18, 2017, Sirius XM acquired Automatic Labs Inc. (“Automatic”), a connected vehicle device and mobile application company, for an aggregate purchase price of $107,488, net of cash and restricted cash acquired. Automatic is included in connected vehicle services.

Recapitalization of Sirius XM Canada. On May 25, 2017, Sirius XM completed a recapitalization (the “Transaction”) of Sirius XM Canada Holdings Inc. (“Sirius XM Canada”), which is now a privately held corporation.

Following the Transaction, Sirius XM holds a 70% equity interest and 33% voting interest in Sirius XM Canada, with the remainder of the voting power and equity interest held by two of Sirius XM Canada’s previous shareholders. The total consideration from Sirius XM to Sirius XM Canada, excluding transaction costs, during the three and six months ended June 30, 2017 was $308,526, which included $129,676 in cash and we issued 35,000 shares of our common stock with an aggregate value of $178,850 to the holders of the shares of Sirius XM Canada acquired in the Transaction. Sirius XM received common stock, non-voting common stock and preferred stock of Sirius XM Canada. Sirius XM now owns a total of 590,950 shares of preferred stock of Sirius XM Canada, which has a liquidation preference of one Canadian dollar per share. Future dividends on the common stock of Sirius XM Canada are expected to be declared on a 6.0% annual basis.

In connection with the Transaction, Sirius XM also made a contribution in the form of a loan to Sirius XM Canada in the aggregate amount of $130,794 on May 25, 2017. The loan is denominated in Canadian dollars and is considered a long-term investment with any unrealized gains or losses reported within Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income. Such loan has a term of fifteen years, bears interest at a rate of 7.62% per annum and includes customary covenants and events of default, including an event of default relating to Sirius XM Canada’s failure to maintain specified leverage ratios. In addition, the terms of the loan require Sirius XM Canada to prepay a portion of the outstanding principal amount of the loan within sixty days of the end of each fiscal year in an amount equal to any cash on hand in excess of C$10,000 at the last day of the financial year if all target dividends have been paid in full.

In connection with the Transaction, Sirius XM also entered into a Services Agreement and an Advisory Services Agreement with Sirius XM Canada. Each agreement has a thirty year term. Pursuant to the Services Agreement, Sirius XM Canada will pay Sirius XM 25% of its gross revenues on a monthly basis through December 31, 2021 and 30% of its gross revenues on a monthly basis thereafter. Pursuant to the Advisory Services Agreement, Sirius XM Canada will pay Sirius XM 5% of its gross revenues on a monthly basis. These agreements supersede and replace the existing agreements between Sirius XM Canada and its predecessors and Sirius XM.

Sirius XM Canada is accounted for as an equity method investment, and its results are not consolidated in our consolidated financial statements. As we do not have the ability to direct the most significant activities that impact Sirius XM Canada's economic performance, we do not meet the requirements for consolidation.

Investment in Pandora Media, Inc. On June 9, 2017, Sirius XM entered into an agreement to purchase a 19% interest, or approximately 16% on an as converted basis, in Pandora Media, Inc. (“Pandora”) for $480,000. Pandora operates an internet-based music discovery platform, offering a personalized experience for listeners.

The Investment Agreement with Pandora relates to the issuance and sale of 480 shares of Pandora’s Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the “Series A Preferred Stock”), for an aggregate purchase price of $480,000, or one thousand dollars per share. In accordance with the Investment Agreement, Sirius XM purchased 172.5 shares of Series A Preferred Stock on June 9, 2017 for $172,500 (the “Initial Closing”), and will purchase the remaining 307.5 shares for $307,500 at a future date (the “Additional Closing”), subject to satisfaction of certain customary closing conditions, including, among others, obtaining clearance under the Hart-Scott-Rodino Act.

Beginning on the date of the Additional Closing (or if the Investment Agreement is terminated prior to the Additional Closing, the date of such termination), the Series A Preferred Stock is convertible at the option of the holders at any time into shares of common stock of Pandora (“Pandora Common Stock”) at an initial conversion price of $10.50 per share of Pandora Common Stock and an initial conversion rate of 95.2381 shares of Pandora Common Stock per share of Series A Preferred

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Stock, subject to certain customary anti-dilution adjustments. Holders of the Series A Preferred Stock are entitled to a cumulative dividend at the rate of 6.0% per annum, payable quarterly in arrears, if and when declared. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2017, we recognized $604 related to the dividend which was recorded to Other (expense) income in our unaudited consolidated statements of comprehensive income and Long-term investment within our unaudited consolidated balance sheets. Any conversion of Series A Preferred Stock may be settled by Pandora, at its option, in shares of Pandora Common Stock, cash or any combination thereof. However, unless and until Pandora’s stockholders have approved the issuance of greater than 19.99% of the outstanding Pandora Common Stock, the Series A Preferred Stock may not be converted into more than 19.99% of Pandora’s outstanding Pandora Common Stock as of the Initial Closing.

The investment includes a mandatory redemption feature on any date after the fifth anniversary of the Additional Closing (or, if the Additional Closing does not occur, the fifth anniversary of the Initial Closing) at 100% of the liquidation preference plus accrued and unpaid dividends and therefore the investment qualifies as a debt security under ASC 320. As the investment will include a conversion option upon the Additional Closing, we have elected to account for this investment under the fair value option to reduce the accounting asymmetry that would otherwise arise when recognizing the changes in the fair value of available-for-sale investments. Under the fair value option, any gains (losses) associated with the change in fair value will be recognized in Other (expense) income within our unaudited consolidated statements of comprehensive income. There was no gain or loss recognized during the three or six months ended June 30, 2017 associated with this investment.

Pursuant to the Investment Agreement, upon the Additional Closing, Pandora has agreed to appoint three individuals, including the Chairman, to be designated by us to Pandora’s board of directors. Once this occurs, we will reclassify the investment to related parties.

Our right to designate directors will fall away once we and our affiliates fail to beneficially own shares of Series A Preferred Stock and/or Pandora Common Stock issued upon conversion thereof equal to (on an as-converted basis) at least 50% of the number of shares of Pandora Common Stock issuable upon conversion of the Series A Preferred Stock purchased under the Investment Agreement. Following the earlier to occur of (i) the second anniversary of the Additional Closing and (ii) the date on which we and our affiliates fail to beneficially own shares of Series A Preferred Stock and/or Pandora Common Stock that were issued upon conversion of Series A Preferred Stock equal to (on an as-converted basis) at least 75% of the number of shares of Pandora Common Stock issuable upon conversion of the Series A Preferred Stock purchased under the Investment Agreement, we have the right to designate only two directors.

We are subject to certain standstill restrictions, including, among other things, that we are restricted from acquiring additional securities of Pandora for eighteen months after the Initial Closing.

The Investment Agreement may be terminated by either party if the Additional Closing has not occurred by February 1, 2018, subject to extension in certain circumstances. However, if all applicable closing conditions have been satisfied as of such date other than with respect to the expiration or early termination of the applicable waiting period under the HSR Act, such termination date will be extended for an additional 60 days.

Beginning on the date of the Additional Closing, we are entitled to vote as a single class with the holders of Pandora Common Stock on an as-converted basis (up to a maximum of 19.99% of the Pandora Common Stock outstanding on the date of the Initial Closing, unless stockholder approval has been received). Effective as of the date of the Initial Closing, we are also entitled to a separate class vote with respect to certain amendments to Pandora’s organizational documents, issuances by Pandora of securities that are senior to, or equal in priority with, the Series A Preferred Stock and the incurrence of certain indebtedness by Pandora.

Upon certain change of control events involving Pandora, Pandora is required to repurchase all of the Series A Preferred Stock at a price equal to the greater of (1) an amount in cash equal to 100% of the liquidation preference thereof plus all accrued but unpaid dividends through the fifth anniversary of the Initial Closing (assuming such shares of Series A Preferred Stock remain outstanding through such date) and (2) the consideration the holders would have received if they had converted their shares of Series A Preferred Stock into Pandora Common Stock immediately prior to the change of control event (disregarding the 19.99% cap).

Beginning (i) after the third anniversary of the date of the Additional Closing (or, if the Additional Closing does not occur, the third anniversary of the Initial Closing) or (ii) after the Investment Agreement is terminated prior to the Additional Closing, if the volume weighted average price per share of Pandora Common Stock exceeds $18.375, as may be adjusted, for at least 20 trading days in any period of 30 consecutive trading days, Pandora may redeem all of the outstanding Series A Preferred Stock at 100% of the liquidation preference thereof plus all accrued but unpaid dividends for, at the election of

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Pandora, cash, shares of Pandora Common Stock or a combination thereof, provided that Pandora may not settle the redemption for shares of Pandora Common Stock to the extent the 19.99% cap would be exceeded.

Pursuant to a registration rights agreement entered into with Pandora, we have certain customary registration rights with respect to the Series A Preferred Stock and Pandora Common Stock issued upon conversion thereof.

Results of Operations
Set forth below are our results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017 compared with the three and six months ended June 30, 2016.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2017 vs 2016 Change
 
For the Three Months Ended June 30,
 
For the Six Months Ended June 30,
 
Three Months
 
Six Months
 
2017
 
2016
 
2017
 
2016
 
Amount
 
%
 
Amount
 
%
Revenue:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Subscriber revenue
$
1,111,011

 
$
1,033,284

 
$
2,189,268


$
2,042,966

 
$
77,727

 
8
 %
 
$
146,302

 
7
 %
Advertising revenue
40,178

 
33,521

 
76,194


65,062

 
6,657

 
20
 %
 
11,132

 
17
 %
Equipment revenue
29,674

 
27,858

 
59,332


54,979

 
1,816

 
7
 %
 
4,353

 
8
 %
Other revenue
166,706

 
140,903

 
316,841


273,569

 
25,803

 
18
 %
 
43,272

 
16
 %
Total revenue
1,347,569

 
1,235,566

 
2,641,635


2,436,576

 
112,003

 
9
 %
 
205,059

 
8
 %
Operating expenses:
 
 
 
 



 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cost of services:
 
 
 
 



 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Revenue share and royalties
292,893

 
264,385

 
570,193


516,129

 
28,508

 
11
 %
 
54,064

 
10
 %
Programming and content
96,255

 
83,645

 
191,799


168,745

 
12,610

 
15
 %
 
23,054

 
14
 %
Customer service and billing
95,324

 
93,712

 
192,099


190,579

 
1,612

 
2
 %
 
1,520

 
1
 %
Satellite and transmission
19,603

 
34,847

 
40,179


58,385

 
(15,244
)
 
(44
)%
 
(18,206
)
 
(31
)%
Cost of equipment