UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
x | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2008 |
OR
¨ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM TO |
Commission File Number: 001-33551
The Blackstone Group L.P.
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware | 20-8875684 | |
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
345 Park Avenue
New York, New York 10154
(Address of principal executive offices)(Zip Code)
(212) 583-5000
(Registrants telephone number, including area code)
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of large accelerated filer, accelerated filer and smaller reporting company in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer ¨ |
Accelerated filer ¨ | |
Non-accelerated filer x |
Smaller reporting company ¨ | |
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company) |
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ¨ No x
The number of the Registrants voting common units representing limited partner interests outstanding as of October 31, 2008 was 162,232,794. The number of the Registrants non-voting common units representing limited partner interests outstanding as of October 31, 2008 was 103,268,576.
Page | ||||
PART I. |
FINANCIAL INFORMATION |
|||
ITEM 1. |
1 | |||
Unaudited Condensed Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements September 30, 2008 and 2007: |
||||
1 | ||||
2 | ||||
3 | ||||
4 | ||||
Notes to Condensed Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements |
6 | |||
ITEM 2. |
MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS |
35 | ||
ITEM 3. |
62 | |||
ITEM 4T. |
64 | |||
PART II |
OTHER INFORMATION |
|||
ITEM 1. |
65 | |||
ITEM 1A. |
66 | |||
ITEM 2. |
66 | |||
ITEM 3. |
66 | |||
ITEM 4. |
66 | |||
ITEM 5. |
66 | |||
ITEM 6. |
67 | |||
68 |
Forward-Looking Statements
This report may contain forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 which reflect our current views with respect to, among other things, our operations and financial performance. You can identify these forward-looking statements by the use of words such as outlook, believes, expects, potential, continues, may, will, should, seeks, approximately, predicts, intends, plans, estimates, anticipates or the negative version of these words or other comparable words. Such forward-looking statements are subject to various risks and uncertainties. Accordingly, there are or will be important factors that could cause actual outcomes or results to differ materially from those indicated in these statements. We believe these factors include but are not limited to those described under section entitled Risk Factors in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007, as such factors may be updated from time to time in our periodic filings with the SEC, which are accessible on the SECs website at www.sec.gov. These factors should not be construed as exhaustive and should be read in conjunction with the other cautionary statements that are included in this report and in our other periodic filings. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or review any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future developments or otherwise.
i
In this report, references to Blackstone, we, us or our refer (1) prior to the consummation of our reorganization into a holding partnership structure in June 2007 as described under Item 1. Financial InformationFinancial StatementsNotes to Condensed Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements (Unaudited)Note 1. Organization and Basis of PresentationReorganization of the Partnership, to Blackstone Group, which comprised certain consolidated and combined entities historically under the common ownership of (a) our two founders, Mr. Stephen A. Schwarzman and Mr. Peter G. Peterson, and our other senior managing directors, (b) selected other individuals engaged in some of our businesses and (c) a subsidiary of American International Group, Inc., to whom we refer collectively as our predecessor owners or pre-IPO owners, and (2) after our reorganization, to The Blackstone Group L.P. and its consolidated subsidiaries. Unless the context otherwise requires, references in this report to the ownership of our founders and other Blackstone personnel include the ownership of personal planning vehicles and family members of these individuals.
ii
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. | FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition (Unaudited)
(Dollars in Thousands, Except Unit Data)
September 30, 2008 |
December 31, 2007 | ||||||
Assets |
|||||||
Cash and Cash Equivalents |
$ | 1,134,954 | $ | 868,629 | |||
Cash Held by Blackstone Funds |
143,681 | 163,696 | |||||
Investments |
5,468,327 | 7,145,156 | |||||
Accounts Receivable |
297,385 | 213,086 | |||||
Due from Brokers |
804,301 | 812,250 | |||||
Investment Subscriptions Paid in Advance |
| 36,698 | |||||
Due from Affiliates |
387,585 | 855,854 | |||||
Intangible Assets, Net |
1,117,038 | 604,681 | |||||
Goodwill |
1,695,848 | 1,597,474 | |||||
Other Assets |
160,596 | 99,366 | |||||
Deferred Tax Assets |
739,542 | 777,310 | |||||
Total Assets |
$ | 11,949,257 | $ | 13,174,200 | |||
Liabilities and Partners Capital |
|||||||
Loans Payable |
$ | 986,021 | $ | 130,389 | |||
Amounts Due to Non-Controlling Interest Holders |
118,734 | 269,901 | |||||
Securities Sold, Not Yet Purchased |
590,437 | 1,196,858 | |||||
Due to Affiliates |
1,008,896 | 831,609 | |||||
Accrued Compensation and Benefits |
424,686 | 188,997 | |||||
Accounts Payable, Accrued Expenses and Other Liabilities |
170,498 | 250,445 | |||||
Total Liabilities |
3,299,272 | 2,868,199 | |||||
Commitments and Contingencies |
|||||||
Non-Controlling Interests in Consolidated Entities |
4,836,128 | 6,079,156 | |||||
Partners Capital |
|||||||
Partners Capital (common units: 272,702,270 issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2008; 260,471,862 issued and 259,826,700 outstanding as of December 31, 2007) |
3,814,142 | 4,226,500 | |||||
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income |
(285 | ) | 345 | ||||
Total Partners Capital |
3,813,857 | 4,226,845 | |||||
Total Liabilities and Partners Capital |
$ | 11,949,257 | $ | 13,174,200 | |||
See notes to condensed consolidated and combined financial statements.
1
Condensed Consolidated and Combined Statements of Income (Unaudited)
(Dollars in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data)
Three Months Ended September 30, |
Nine Months Ended September 30, |
|||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||
Revenues |
||||||||||||||||
Management and Advisory Fees |
$ | 447,373 | $ | 329,445 | $ | 1,094,941 | $ | 1,118,541 | ||||||||
Performance Fees and Allocations |
(416,076 | ) | 149,934 | (618,485 | ) | 1,266,181 | ||||||||||
Investment Income (Loss) and Other |
(191,551 | ) | 47,307 | (214,535 | ) | 320,460 | ||||||||||
Total Revenues |
(160,254 | ) | 526,686 | 261,921 | 2,705,182 | |||||||||||
Expenses |
||||||||||||||||
Compensation and Benefits |
991,521 | 929,721 | 2,997,476 | 1,354,472 | ||||||||||||
Interest |
5,893 | 2,258 | 14,326 | 28,560 | ||||||||||||
General, Administrative and Other |
121,842 | 111,814 | 324,580 | 190,633 | ||||||||||||
Fund Expenses |
13,442 | 7,202 | 58,187 | 126,448 | ||||||||||||
Total Expenses |
1,132,698 | 1,050,995 | 3,394,569 | 1,700,113 | ||||||||||||
Other Income (Loss) |
||||||||||||||||
Net Gains (Losses) from Fund Investment Activities |
(550,755 | ) | 9,884 | (576,713 | ) | 5,406,709 | ||||||||||
Income (Loss) Before Non-Controlling Interests in Income (Loss) of Consolidated Entities and Provision (Benefit) for Taxes |
(1,843,707 | ) | (514,425 | ) | (3,709,361 | ) | 6,411,778 | |||||||||
Non-Controlling Interests in Income (Loss) of Consolidated Entities |
(1,478,208 | ) | (407,076 | ) | (2,911,634 | ) | 4,601,139 | |||||||||
Income (Loss) Before Provision (Benefit) for Taxes |
(365,499 | ) | (107,349 | ) | (797,727 | ) | 1,810,639 | |||||||||
Provision (Benefit) for Taxes |
(25,168 | ) | 5,841 | (49,872 | ) | 17,402 | ||||||||||
Net Income (Loss) |
$ | (340,331 | ) | $ | (113,190 | ) | $ | (747,855 | ) | $ | 1,793,237 | |||||
June 19, 2007 through September 30, 2007 |
||||||||||||||||
Net Loss |
$ | (165,514 | ) | |||||||||||||
Net Loss Per Common Unit - Basic and Diluted |
||||||||||||||||
Common Units Entitled to Priority Distributions |
$ | (1.27 | ) | $ | (0.44 | ) | $ | (2.84 | ) | $ | (0.64 | ) | ||||
Common Units Not Entitled to Priority Distributions |
$ | (1.57 | ) | $ | (1.57 | ) | ||||||||||
Weighted-Average Common Units Outstanding - Basic and Diluted |
||||||||||||||||
Common Units Entitled to Priority Distributions |
265,430,025 | 260,194,486 | 261,907,977 | 260,114,870 | ||||||||||||
Common Units Not Entitled to Priority Distributions |
3,353,468 | 1,125,982 | ||||||||||||||
Revenues Earned from Affiliates |
||||||||||||||||
Management and Advisory Fees |
$ | 87,718 | $ | 75,380 | $ | 140,377 | $ | 401,439 | ||||||||
See notes to condensed consolidated and combined financial statements.
2
Condensed Consolidated Statement of Changes in Partners Capital (Unaudited)
(Dollars in Thousands Except Unit Data)
Common Units |
Partners Capital |
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) |
Total Partners Capital |
Comprehensive Loss |
|||||||||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2007 |
259,826,700 | $ | 4,226,500 | $ | 345 | $ | 4,226,845 | $ | | ||||||||||
Net Loss |
| (747,855 | ) | | (747,855 | ) | (747,855 | ) | |||||||||||
Currency Translation Adjustment |
| | (630 | ) | (630 | ) | (630 | ) | |||||||||||
Purchase of Interests from Predecessor Owners |
| (44,615 | ) | | (44,615 | ) | | ||||||||||||
Repurchase of Common Units |
(10,000 | ) | (195 | ) | | (195 | ) | | |||||||||||
Deferred Tax Effects Resulting from Acquisition of Ownership Interests |
| (666 | ) | | (666 | ) | | ||||||||||||
Distribution to Unitholders |
| (241,074 | ) | | (241,074 | ) | | ||||||||||||
Equity-based Compensation |
| 609,551 | | 609,551 | | ||||||||||||||
Net Delivery of Vested Common Units |
4,502,100 | (18,545 | ) | | (18,545 | ) | | ||||||||||||
Conversion of Blackstone Holdings Partnership Units to Blackstone Common Units |
8,383,470 | 31,041 | | 31,041 | | ||||||||||||||
Balance at September 30, 2008 |
272,702,270 | $ | 3,814,142 | $ | (285 | ) | $ | 3,813,857 | $ | (748,485 | ) | ||||||||
See notes to condensed consolidated and combined financial statements.
3
Condensed Consolidated and Combined Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)
(Dollars in Thousands)
Nine Months Ended September 30, |
||||||||
2008 | 2007 | |||||||
Operating Activities |
||||||||
Net Income (Loss) |
$ | (747,855 | ) | $ | 1,793,237 | |||
Adjustments to Reconcile Net Income (Loss) to Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Operating Activities: |
||||||||
Blackstone Funds Related: |
||||||||
Non-Controlling Interests in Income (Loss) of Consolidated Entities |
(2,433,089 | ) | 2,033,096 | |||||
Net Realized (Gains) Losses on Investments |
86,074 | (3,825,604 | ) | |||||
Changes in Unrealized (Gains) Losses on Investments Allocable to Blackstone Group |
237,191 | (43,835 | ) | |||||
Non-Cash Performance Fees and Allocations |
506,904 | (322,293 | ) | |||||
Equity-Based Compensation Expense |
2,494,699 | 983,634 | ||||||
Intangible Amortization |
113,725 | 62,404 | ||||||
Other Non-Cash Amounts Included in Net Income |
13,417 | 5,488 | ||||||
Cash Flows Due to Changes in Operating Assets and Liabilities: |
||||||||
Cash Held by Blackstone Funds |
20,016 | 494,240 | ||||||
Cash Relinquished with Deconsolidation of Partnership |
| (884,478 | ) | |||||
Due from Brokers |
7,949 | (833,301 | ) | |||||
Accounts Receivable |
63,368 | 249,222 | ||||||
Due from Affiliates |
292,974 | (405,425 | ) | |||||
Other Assets |
42,520 | (64,776 | ) | |||||
Accrued Compensation and Benefits |
143,491 | 49,616 | ||||||
Accounts Payable, Accrued Expenses and Other Liabilities |
(108,787 | ) | 24,575 | |||||
Due to Affiliates |
(99,693 | ) | 433,581 | |||||
Amounts Due to Non-Controlling Interest Holders |
(41,153 | ) | 23,695 | |||||
Cash Acquired from Consolidated Fund |
3 | | ||||||
Blackstone Funds Related: |
||||||||
Investments Purchased |
(25,885,727 | ) | (12,371,959 | ) | ||||
Cash Proceeds from Sale of Investments |
25,986,456 | 11,504,828 | ||||||
Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Operating Activities |
692,483 | (1,094,055 | ) | |||||
Investing Activities |
||||||||
Purchase of Furniture, Equipment and Leasehold Improvements |
(37,848 | ) | (17,112 | ) | ||||
Elimination of Cash for Non-Contributed Entities |
| (23,291 | ) | |||||
Cash Paid for Acquisition, Net of Cash Acquired |
(336,571 | ) | | |||||
Changes in Restricted Cash |
(4,020 | ) | | |||||
Net Cash Used in Investing Activities |
(378,439 | ) | (40,403 | ) | ||||
Financing Activities |
||||||||
Issuance of Common Units in Initial Public Offering and to Beijing Wonderful Investments |
| 7,501,240 | ||||||
Distributions to Non-Controlling Interest Holders in Consolidated Entities |
(779,062 | ) | (5,825,845 | ) | ||||
Contributions from Non-Controlling Interest Holders in Consolidated Entities |
292,575 | 7,181,625 | ||||||
Contributions from Predecessor Owners |
| 282,335 |
continued
See notes to condensed consolidated and combined financial statements.
4
THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.
Condensed Consolidated and Combined Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)(Continued)
(Dollars in Thousands)
Nine Months Ended September 30, |
||||||||
2008 | 2007 | |||||||
Distributions to Predecessor Owners |
$ | | $ | (2,710,043 | ) | |||
Purchase of Interests from Predecessor Owners |
(80,171 | ) | (4,569,110 | ) | ||||
Net Settlement of Vested Common Units and Repurchase of Common Units |
(18,740 | ) | (17,691 | ) | ||||
Proceeds from Loans Payable |
1,178,170 | 5,251,934 | ||||||
Repayment of Loans Payable |
(399,417 | ) | (5,479,876 | ) | ||||
Distributions to Common Unitholders |
(241,074 | ) | | |||||
Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Financing Activities |
(47,719 | ) | 1,614,569 | |||||
Effect of Exchange Rate Changes on Cash and Cash Equivalents |
| 639 | ||||||
Net Increase in Cash and Cash Equivalents |
266,325 | 480,750 | ||||||
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Beginning of Period |
868,629 | 129,443 | ||||||
Cash and Cash Equivalents, End of Period |
$ | 1,134,954 | $ | 610,193 | ||||
Supplemental Disclosures of Cash Flow Information |
||||||||
Payments for Interest |
$ | 10,873 | $ | 26,513 | ||||
Payments for Income Taxes |
$ | 34,606 | $ | 55,276 | ||||
Supplemental Disclosure of Non-Cash Financing Activities |
||||||||
Non-Cash Distributions to Partners |
$ | | $ | (3,399 | ) | |||
Elimination of Capital of Non-Contributed Entities |
$ | | $ | 118,947 | ||||
Elimination of Non-Controlling Interests of Non-Contributed Entities |
$ | | $ | 823,030 | ||||
Transfer of Partners Capital to Non-Controlling Interests |
$ | | $ | 2,058,065 | ||||
Distribution Payable to Predecessor Owners |
$ | | $ | 65,995 | ||||
Delivery of Vested Common Units |
$ | 170,626 | $ | | ||||
Conversion of Blackstone Holding Units to Common Units |
$ | 31,041 | $ | | ||||
Reorganization of the Partnership: |
||||||||
Goodwill as a Result of Reorganization |
$ | 80,754 | $ | (1,606,514 | ) | |||
Intangibles as a Result of Reorganization |
$ | (153,982 | ) | $ | (722,288 | ) | ||
Accounts Payable, Accrued Expenses and Other Liabilities |
$ | (8,800 | ) | $ | 17,660 | |||
Due to Affiliates |
$ | | $ | 55,339 | ||||
Non-Controlling Interest in Consolidated Entities |
$ | 82,028 | $ | 2,255,803 | ||||
Exchange of Founders and Senior Managing Directors Interests in Blackstone Holdings: |
||||||||
Deferred Tax Asset |
$ | 4,440 | $ | (793,213 | ) | |||
Due to Affiliates |
$ | (3,774 | ) | $ | 674,231 | |||
Partners Capital |
$ | (666 | ) | $ | 118,982 | |||
Acquisition of GSO Capital Partners LP - Units to be Issued |
$ | 280,400 | $ | | ||||
See notes to condensed consolidated and combined financial statements.
5
Notes to Condensed Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements (Unaudited)
(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Or Where Otherwise Noted)
1. | ORGANIZATION AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION |
The Blackstone Group L.P. (the Partnership), together with its consolidated subsidiaries (collectively, Blackstone), is a leading global alternative asset manager and provider of financial advisory services. The alternative asset management businesses include the management of corporate private equity funds, real estate funds, funds of hedge funds, debt funds, collateralized loan obligation (CLO) vehicles, proprietary hedge funds, closed-end mutual funds and related entities that invest in such funds, collectively referred to as the Blackstone Funds. Carry Funds refers to the corporate private equity funds, real estate funds and debt funds that are managed by Blackstone. Blackstone also provides various financial advisory services, including corporate and mergers and acquisitions advisory, restructuring and reorganization advisory and fund placement services.
Basis of Presentation The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated and combined financial statements of the Partnership have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP) for interim financial information and the instructions to Form 10-Q. The condensed consolidated and combined financial statements, including these notes, are unaudited and exclude some of the disclosures required in annual financial statements. Management believes it has made all necessary adjustments (consisting of only normal recurring items) so that the condensed consolidated and combined financial statements are presented fairly and that estimates made in preparing its condensed consolidated and combined financial statements are reasonable and prudent. The operating results presented for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for any other interim period or for the entire year. These condensed consolidated and combined financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated and combined financial statements included in the Partnerships Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated and combined financial statements include (1) subsequent to the reorganization as described below, the consolidated accounts of Blackstone, and (2) prior to the reorganization the entities engaged in the above businesses under the common ownership of the two founders of Blackstone, Stephen A. Schwarzman and Peter G. Peterson (the Founders), Blackstones other senior managing directors and selected other individuals engaged in some of Blackstones businesses, personal planning vehicles beneficially owned by the families of these individuals and a subsidiary of American International Group, Inc. (AIG), collectively referred to as the predecessor owners.
Certain of the Blackstone Funds are included in the condensed consolidated and combined financial statements of the Partnership. Consequently, the condensed consolidated and combined financial statements of the Partnership reflect the assets, liabilities, revenues, expenses and cash flows of these consolidated Blackstone Funds on a gross basis. The majority economic ownership interests in these funds are reflected as Non-Controlling Interests in Consolidated Entities in the condensed consolidated and combined financial statements. The consolidation of these Blackstone Funds has no net effect on the Partnerships Net Income or Partners Capital.
The Partnerships interest in Blackstone Holdings (see Reorganization of the Partnership below) is within the scope of the Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF) Issue No. 04-5, Determining Whether a General Partner, or the General Partners as a Group, Controls a Limited Partnership or Similar Entity When the Limited Partners Have Certain Rights (EITF 04-5). Although the Partnership has a minority economic interest in Blackstone Holdings, it has a majority voting interest and controls the management of Blackstone Holdings. Additionally, although the Blackstone Holdings limited partners hold a majority economic interest in Blackstone Holdings, they do not have the right to dissolve the partnership or have substantive kick-out rights or participating rights
6
THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements (Unaudited)(Continued)
(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Or Where Otherwise Noted)
that would overcome the presumption of control by the Partnership. Accordingly, the Partnership consolidates Blackstone Holdings and records non-controlling interest for the economic interests of limited partners of the Blackstone Holdings partnerships.
Certain prior period financial statement balances have been reclassified to conform to the current presentation.
Reorganization of the Partnership The Partnership was formed as a Delaware limited partnership on March 12, 2007. The Partnership is managed and operated by its general partner, Blackstone Group Management L.L.C., which is in turn wholly-owned and controlled by the Founders and Blackstones other senior managing directors.
Blackstones business was historically conducted through a large number of entities as to which there was no single holding entity but which were separately owned by its predecessor owners. In order to facilitate the initial public offering, as described in further detail below, the predecessor owners completed a reorganization as of the close of business on June 18, 2007 (the Reorganization) whereby, with certain limited exceptions, each of the operating entities of the predecessor organization and the intellectual property rights associated with the Blackstone name, were contributed (Contributed Businesses) to five newly-formed holding partnerships (Blackstone Holdings I L.P., Blackstone Holdings II L.P., Blackstone Holdings III L.P., Blackstone Holdings IV L.P. and Blackstone Holdings V L.P. (collectively, Blackstone Holdings)) or sold to wholly-owned subsidiaries of the Partnership (which in turn contributed them to Blackstone Holdings). The Partnership, through wholly-owned subsidiaries, is the sole general partner of each of the Blackstone Holdings partnerships.
The Reorganization was accounted for as an exchange of entities under common control for the interests in the Contributed Businesses which were contributed by the Founders and the other senior managing directors (collectively, the Control Group) and as an acquisition of non-controlling interests using the purchase method of accounting for all the predecessor owners other than the Control Group pursuant to Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (SFAS) No. 141, Business Combinations (SFAS No. 141).
Blackstone also entered into an exchange agreement with holders of partnership units in Blackstone Holdings (other than the Partnerships wholly-owned subsidiaries) so that these holders, subject to the vesting, minimum retained ownership requirements and transfer restrictions set forth in the partnership agreements of the Blackstone Holdings partnerships, may up to four times each year exchange their Blackstone Holdings Partnership Units for Blackstone Common Units on a one-for-one basis, subject to customary conversion rate adjustments for splits, unit distributions and reclassifications. Until the Blackstone Common Units issued in such exchanges are transferred to third parties, they will forego any priority distributions under Blackstones cash distribution policy as described in Note 7. A Blackstone Holdings limited partner must exchange one partnership unit in each of the five Blackstone Holdings partnerships to effect an exchange for one common unit in the Partnership. The terms Blackstone Holdings Partnership Unit or partnership unit in/of Blackstone Holdings refer collectively to a partnership unit in each of the Blackstone Holdings partnerships.
Undistributed earnings of the Contributed Businesses through the date of the Reorganization inured to the benefit of the predecessor owners.
Initial Public Offering On June 27, 2007, the Partnership completed the initial public offering (IPO) of its common units representing limited partner interests in the Partnership. Upon the completion of the IPO, public investors indirectly owned approximately 14.1% of the equity in Blackstone. Concurrently with the IPO, the Partnership completed the sale of non-voting common units, representing approximately 9.3% of the equity
7
THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements (Unaudited)(Continued)
(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Or Where Otherwise Noted)
in Blackstone, to Beijing Wonderful Investments, an investment vehicle subsequently transferred to China Investment Corporation. On October 28, 2008, the agreement with Beijing Wonderful Investments was amended whereby it, and certain of its affiliates, are restricted in the future from engaging in the purchase of Blackstone Common Units that would result in its aggregate beneficial ownership in Blackstone on a fully-diluted (as-converted) basis exceeding 12.5%, an increase from 10% at the date of the IPO. In addition, Blackstone Common Units that Beijing Wonderful Investments or its affiliates own in excess of 10% aggregate beneficial ownership in Blackstone on a fully-diluted (as-converted) basis are not subject to any restrictions on transfer but are non-voting while held by Beijing Wonderful Investments or its affiliates.
The Partnership contributed the proceeds from the IPO and the sale of non-voting common units to Beijing Wonderful Investments to its wholly-owned subsidiaries, which in turn used these proceeds to (1) purchase interests in the Contributed Businesses from the predecessor owners (which interests were then contributed to Blackstone Holdings in exchange for newly-issued Blackstone Holdings Partnership Units) and (2) purchase additional newly-issued Blackstone Holdings Partnership Units from Blackstone Holdings.
Consolidation and Deconsolidation of Blackstone Funds In accordance with GAAP, a number of the Blackstone Funds were historically consolidated into Blackstones combined financial statements.
Concurrently with the Reorganization, the Contributed Businesses that act as a general partner of a consolidated Blackstone Fund (with the exception of Blackstones then existing proprietary hedge funds and four of the funds of hedge funds) took the necessary steps to grant rights to the unaffiliated investors in each respective fund to provide that a simple majority of the funds unaffiliated investors will have the right, without cause, to remove the general partner of that fund or to accelerate the liquidation date of that fund in accordance with certain procedures. The granting of these rights resulted in the deconsolidation of such investment funds from the Partnerships consolidated financial statements and the accounting of Blackstones interest in these funds under the equity method. With the exception of certain funds of hedge funds, hedge funds and debt funds, these rights became effective on June 27, 2007 for all Blackstone Funds where these rights were granted. The effective date of these rights for the applicable funds of hedge funds was July 1, 2007. The consolidated results of these funds have been reflected in the Partnerships condensed consolidated and combined financial statements up to the effective date of these rights.
Acquisition of GSO Capital Partners LP On March 3, 2008, the Partnership acquired GSO Capital Partners LP and certain of its affiliates (GSO). GSO is an alternative asset manager specializing in the credit markets. GSO manages various multi-strategy credit hedge funds, mezzanine funds, senior debt funds and various CLO vehicles. GSOs results from the date of acquisition have been included in the Marketable Alternative Asset Management segment.
2. | SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES |
Investments, At Fair Value The Blackstone Funds are, for GAAP purposes, investment companies under the AICPA Audit and Accounting Guide Investment Companies that reflect their investments, including majority-owned and controlled investments (the Portfolio Companies) as well as Securities Sold, Not Yet Purchased at fair value. The Partnership has retained the specialized accounting for the Blackstone Funds pursuant to EITF Issue No. 85-12, Retention of Specialized Accounting for Investments in Consolidation (EITF 85-12). Thus, such consolidated funds investments are reflected on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses resulting from changes in fair value reflected as a component of Net Gains (Losses) from Fund Investment Activities in the Condensed Consolidated and Combined Statements of Income. Fair value is the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability, in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date (i.e., the exit price).
8
THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements (Unaudited)(Continued)
(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Or Where Otherwise Noted)
The fair value of the Partnerships Investments and Securities Sold, Not Yet Purchased are based on observable market prices when available. Such prices are based on the last sales price on the measurement date, or, if no sales occurred on such date, at the close of business bid price and if sold short, at the ask price or at the mid price depending on the facts and circumstances. Futures and options contracts are valued based on closing market prices. Forward and swap contracts are valued based on market rates or prices obtained from recognized financial data service providers.
A significant number of the investments, including our carry fund investments, have been valued by the Partnership, in the absence of observable market prices, using the valuation methodologies described below. Additional information regarding these investments is provided in Note 4 to the condensed consolidated and combined financial statements. For some investments, little market activity may exist; managements determination of fair value is then based on the best information available in the circumstances and may incorporate managements own assumptions, including appropriate risk adjustments for nonperformance and liquidity risks. The Partnership estimates the fair value of investments when market prices are not observable as follows:
Corporate private equity, real estate and debt investments For investments for which observable market prices do not exist, such investments are reported at fair value as determined by the Partnership. Fair value is determined by reference to projected net earnings, earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (EBITDA) and balance sheets, public market or private transactions, valuations for comparable companies and other measures. With respect to real estate investments, in determining fair values management considered projected operating cash flows and balance sheets, sales of comparable assets, if any, and replacement costs among other measures. The methods used to estimate the fair value of private investments include the discounted cash flow method and/or capitalization rates (cap rates) analysis. Valuations may also be derived by reference to observable valuation measures for comparable companies or assets (e.g., multiplying a key performance metric of the investee company or asset, such as EBITDA, by a relevant valuation multiple observed in the range of comparable companies or transactions), adjusted by management for differences between the investment and the referenced comparables and in some instances by reference to option pricing models or other similar methods. Corporate private equity and real estate investments may also be valued at cost for a period of time after an acquisition as the best indicator of fair value. These valuation methodologies involve a significant degree of management judgment.
Funds of hedge funds Blackstone Funds direct investments in hedge funds (Investee Funds) are stated at fair value, based on the information provided by the Investee Funds which reflects the Partnerships share of the fair value of the net assets of the investment fund. If the Partnership determines, based on its own due diligence and investment procedures, that the valuation for any Investee Fund based on information provided by the Investee Funds management does not represent fair value, the Partnership will estimate the fair value of the Investee Fund in good faith and in a manner that it reasonably chooses.
In certain cases debt and equity securities are valued on the basis of prices from an orderly transaction between market participants provided by reputable dealers or pricing services. In determining the value of a particular investment, pricing services may use certain information with respect to transactions in such investments, quotations from dealers, pricing matrixes, market transactions in comparable investments and various relationships between investments.
Certain Blackstone Funds sell securities that they do not own, and will therefore be obligated to purchase such securities at a future date. The value of an open short position is recorded as a liability, and the fund records unrealized appreciation or depreciation to the extent of the difference between the proceeds received and the
9
THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements (Unaudited)(Continued)
(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Or Where Otherwise Noted)
value of the open short position. The applicable Blackstone Fund records a realized gain or loss when a short position is closed. By entering into short sales, the applicable Blackstone Fund bears the market risk of increases in value of the security sold short. The unrealized appreciation or depreciation as well as the realized gain or loss associated with short positions is included in the Condensed Consolidated and Combined Statements of Income as Net Gains (Losses) from Fund Investment Activities.
Securities transactions are recorded on a trade date basis.
Recent Accounting Developments
In March 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 161, Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities (SFAS No. 161). SFAS No. 161 is intended to improve financial reporting about derivative instruments and hedging activities by requiring enhanced disclosures to enable investors to better understand how those instruments and activities are accounted for; how and why they are used; and their effects on an entitys financial position, financial performance, and cash flows. SFAS No. 161 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008, with early application encouraged. The Partnership is currently evaluating the impact that the adoption of SFAS No. 161 will have on the Partnerships financial statement disclosures.
In March 2008, the EITF reached a consensus on Issue No. 07-4, Application of the Two-Class Method under FASB Statement No. 128, Earnings Per Share, to Master Limited Partnerships (EITF 07-4). EITF 07-4 applies to master limited partnerships that make incentive equity distributions. EITF 07-4 is to be applied retrospectively beginning with financial statements issued in the interim periods of fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008. The Partnership is currently evaluating the impact that EITF 07-4 may have on its consolidated financial statements.
In April 2008, the FASB issued Staff Position No. FAS 142-3, Determination of the Useful Life of Intangible Assets (FSP No. 142-3). FSP No. 142-3 amends the factors an entity should consider in developing renewal or extension assumptions used in determining the useful life of recognized intangible assets under SFAS No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets. FSP No. 142-3 affects entities with recognized intangible assets and is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is prohibited. The new guidance applies prospectively to (1) intangible assets that are acquired individually or with a group of other assets and (2) both intangible assets acquired in business combinations and asset acquisitions. The Partnership is currently evaluating the impact that the adoption of FSP No. 142-3 may have on its consolidated financial statements.
In June 2008, the FASB issued Staff Position EITF No. 03-6-1, Determining Whether Instruments Granted in Share-Based Payment Transactions Are Participating Securities (FSP EITF No. 03-6-1). FSP EITF No. 03-6-1 addresses whether instruments granted in share-based payment transactions are participating securities prior to vesting and therefore need to be included in the earnings allocation in calculating earnings per share under the two-class method described in SFAS No. 128, Earnings per Share. FSP EITF No. 03-6-1 requires entities to treat unvested share-based payment awards that have non-forfeitable rights to dividend or dividend equivalents as a separate class of securities in calculating earnings per share. This FSP is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008; earlier application is not permitted. The Partnership is currently evaluating the impact that the adoption of FSP EITF No. 03-6-1 may have on its consolidated financial statements.
10
THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements (Unaudited)(Continued)
(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Or Where Otherwise Noted)
In September 2008, the FASB issued FSP FAS No. 133-1 and FIN 45-4, Disclosures about Credit Derivatives and Certain Guarantees: An Amendment of FASB Statement No. 133 and FASB Interpretation No. 45; and Clarification of the Effective Date of FASB Statement No. 161. FSP FAS No. 133-1 and FIN 45-4 requires enhanced disclosures about credit derivatives and guarantees. The FSP is effective for financial statements issued for reporting periods ending after November 15, 2008. The Partnership is currently evaluating the impact that the adoption of FSP FAS No. 133-1 and FIN 45-4 will have on the Partnerships financial statement disclosures.
In October 2008, the FASB issued FSP FAS 157-3, Determining the Fair Value of a Financial Asset When the Market for That Asset Is Not Active (FSP FAS 157-3), to help constituents measure fair value in markets that are not active. FSP FAS 157-3 is consistent with the joint press release the FASB issued with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) on September 30, 2008, which provides general clarification guidance on determining fair value under SFAS No. 157 when markets are inactive. FSP FAS 157-3 was effective upon issuance, including prior periods for which financial statements had not been issued. The adoption of FSP 157-3 did not have a material impact on the Partnerships consolidated financial statements.
3. | ACQUISITIONS, GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS |
Acquisition of Non-Controlling Interests at Reorganization
Pursuant to the Reorganization transaction described in Note 1, the Partnership acquired interests in the predecessor businesses from the predecessor owners. These interests were acquired, in part, through an exchange of Blackstone Holdings Partnership Units and, in part, through the payment of cash.
This transaction has been accounted for partially as a transfer of interests under common control and, partially, as an acquisition of non-controlling interests in accordance with SFAS No. 141. The vested Blackstone Holdings Partnership Units received by the Control Group in the Reorganization are reflected in the condensed consolidated and combined financial statements as non-controlling interests at the historical cost of the interests they contributed, as they are considered to be the Control Group of the predecessor organization. The vested Blackstone Holdings Partnership Units received by holders not included in the Control Group in the Reorganization are accounted for using the purchase method of accounting under SFAS No. 141 and reflected as non-controlling interests in the condensed consolidated financial statements at the fair value of the interests contributed as these holders are not considered to have been in the group controlling Blackstone prior to the Reorganization. Additionally, ownership interests were purchased with proceeds from the IPO. The cash paid in excess of the cost basis of the interests acquired from members of the Control Group has been charged to equity. Cash payments related to the acquisition of interests from holders outside of the Control Group has been accounted for using the purchase method of accounting.
The total consideration paid to holders outside of the Control Group was $2.79 billion and reflected (1) 69,093,969 Blackstone Holdings Partnership Units issued in the exchange, the fair value of which was $2.14 billion based on the initial public offering price of $31.00 per common unit, and (2) cash of $647.6 million. Accordingly, the Partnership has reflected the acquired tangible assets at the fair value of the consideration paid. The excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the tangible assets acquired approximated $2.34 billion, the remaining balance of which has been reported in the captions Goodwill and Intangible Assets in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Condition as of September 30, 2008. The finite-lived intangible assets of $876.3 million reflect the value ascribed for the future fee income relating to contractual rights and client or investor relationships for management, advisory and incentive fee arrangements as well as for those rights and relationships associated with the future carried interest income from the carry funds. The residual amount representing the purchase price in excess of tangible and intangible assets (including other liabilities of $55.2 million) is $1.52 billion and has been recorded as Goodwill.
11
THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements (Unaudited)(Continued)
(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Or Where Otherwise Noted)
During the quarter ended March 31, 2008, the Partnership finalized the purchase price allocation, including the determination of goodwill attributable to the reporting segments, as provided in the tables below for the acquisition of non-controlling interests at Reorganization.
Purchase Price |
$ | 2,789,469 | ||
Goodwill |
$ | 1,516,720 | ||
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets/Contractual Rights |
876,270 | |||
Other Liabilities |
(55,158 | ) | ||
Increase to Non-Controlling Interests in Consolidated Entities |
2,337,832 | |||
Net Assets Acquired, at Fair Value |
451,637 | |||
Purchase Price Allocation |
$ | 2,789,469 | ||
Acquisition of GSO Capital Partners LP
In March 2008, the Partnership completed the acquisition of GSO, an alternative asset manager specializing in the credit markets. The purchase consideration of GSO consisted of cash and Blackstone Holdings Partnership Units valued at acquisition closing at $635 million in the aggregate, plus up to an additional targeted $310 million to be paid over the next five years contingent upon the realization of specified earnings targets over that period. The Partnership also incurred $8.2 million of acquisition costs. Additionally, profit sharing and other compensatory payments subject to performance and vesting may be paid to the GSO personnel.
This transaction has been accounted for as an acquisition using the purchase method of accounting under SFAS No. 141. The Partnership is in the process of finalizing this purchase price allocation. To the extent that the estimates used in the preliminary purchase price allocation need to be adjusted further, the Partnership will do so upon making that determination but not later than one year from the date of the acquisition. The preliminary purchase price allocation for the GSO acquisition is as follows:
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets/Contractual Rights |
$ | 472,100 | ||
Goodwill |
179,128 | |||
Other Liabilities |
(11,043 | ) | ||
Net Assets Acquired, at Fair Value |
3,000 | |||
Purchase Price Allocation |
$ | 643,185 | ||
12
THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements (Unaudited)(Continued)
(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Or Where Otherwise Noted)
The Condensed Consolidated Statement of Income for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 includes the results of GSOs operations from the date of acquisition, March 3, 2008, through September 30, 2008. Supplemental information on an unaudited pro forma basis, as if the GSO acquisition had been consummated as of January 1, 2008 and January 1, 2007, respectively, is as follows:
Nine Months Ended September 30, (Unaudited) |
||||||||
2008 | 2007 | |||||||
Total Revenues |
$ | 287,272 | $ | 3,085,796 | ||||
Net Income (Loss) |
$ | (753,659 | ) | $ | 1,735,682 | |||
For the Period June 19, 2007 through September 30, 2007 |
||||||||
Net Loss |
$ | (171,619 | ) | |||||
Net Loss per Common Unit - Basic and Diluted |
||||||||
Common Units Entitled to Priority Distributions |
$ | (2.86 | ) | $ | (0.66 | ) | ||
Common Units Not Entitled to Priority Distributions |
$ | (1.57 | ) | |||||
The unaudited pro forma supplemental information is based on estimates and assumptions, which the Partnership believes are reasonable; it is not necessarily indicative of the Partnerships Condensed Consolidated and Combined Financial Condition or Statements of Income in future periods or the results that actually would have been realized had the Partnership and GSO been a combined entity during the periods presented.
Goodwill and Intangible Assets
The following table outlines changes to the carrying amount of Goodwill and Intangible Assets:
Goodwill | Intangible Assets |
|||||||
Balance at December 31, 2007 |
$ | 1,597,474 | $ | 604,681 | ||||
Additions - GSO Acquisition |
179,128 | 472,100 | ||||||
Purchase Price Adjustments - Reorganization |
(80,754 | ) | 153,982 | |||||
Amortization |
| (113,725 | ) | |||||
Balance at September 30, 2008 |
$ | 1,695,848 | $ | 1,117,038 | ||||
Total Goodwill has been allocated to each of the Partnerships segments as follows: Corporate Private Equity - $694,512, Real Estate - $421,739, Marketable Alternative Asset Management - $510,723, and Financial Advisory - $68,874.
Amortization expense is included in General, Administrative and Other in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated and Combined Statements of Income. Amortization of intangible assets held at September 30, 2008 is expected to be approximately $153.2 million for the year ending December 31, 2008.
13
THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements (Unaudited)(Continued)
(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Or Where Otherwise Noted)
4. | INVESTMENTS |
Investments
A condensed summary of Investments consist of the following:
September 30, 2008 |
December 31, 2007 | |||||
Investments of Consolidated Blackstone Funds |
$ | 2,898,668 | $ | 3,992,638 | ||
Equity Method Investments |
2,002,603 | 1,971,228 | ||||
Performance Fees and Allocations Related Investments |
489,469 | 1,150,264 | ||||
Other Investments |
77,587 | 31,026 | ||||
$ | 5,468,327 | $ | 7,145,156 | |||
Blackstones share of Investments of Consolidated Blackstone Funds totaled $599.7 million and $996.4 million at September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively. Equity Method Investments represents investments in non-consolidated funds as described below, of which Blackstones share totaled $1.78 billion and $1.88 billion at September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively.
14
THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements (Unaudited)(Continued)
(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Or Where Otherwise Noted)
Investments of Consolidated Blackstone Funds
The following table presents a condensed summary of the investments held by the consolidated Blackstone Funds that are reported at fair value. These investments are presented as a percentage of Investments of Consolidated Blackstone Funds:
Fair Value | Percentage of Investments of Consolidated Blackstone Funds |
|||||||||||
Geographic Region / Instrument Type / Industry Description or Investment Strategy |
September 30, 2008 |
December 31, 2007 |
September 30, 2008 |
December 31, 2007 |
||||||||
United States and Canada |
||||||||||||
Investment Funds, principally related to marketable alternative asset management funds |
||||||||||||
Credit Driven |
$ | 779,268 | $ | 929,902 | 26.9 | % | 23.3 | % | ||||
Diversified Investments |
789,862 | 693,798 | 27.2 | % | 17.4 | % | ||||||
Equity |
157,834 | 174,534 | 5.4 | % | 4.4 | % | ||||||
Other |
3,469 | 2,190 | 0.3 | % | 0.1 | % | ||||||
Investment Funds Total |
1,730,433 | 1,800,424 | 59.8 | % | 45.2 | % | ||||||
Equity Securities, principally related to marketable alternative asset management and corporate private equity funds |
||||||||||||
Manufacturing |
212,249 | 439,895 | 7.3 | % | 10.8 | % | ||||||
Services |
181,825 | 410,109 | 6.3 | % | 10.3 | % | ||||||
Natural Resources |
111,593 | 20,051 | 3.8 | % | 0.5 | % | ||||||
Real Estate Assets |
1,721 | 2,153 | 0.1 | % | 0.1 | % | ||||||
Equity Securities Total |
507,388 | 872,208 | 17.5 | % | 21.7 | % | ||||||
Partnership and LLC Interests, principally related to corporate private equity and real estate funds |
||||||||||||
Real Estate Assets |
138,803 | 170,198 | 4.8 | % | 4.3 | % | ||||||
Services |
128,809 | 143,209 | 4.4 | % | 3.6 | % | ||||||
Manufacturing |
31,328 | 31,234 | 1.1 | % | 0.8 | % | ||||||
Natural Resources |
130 | | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | ||||||
Partnership and LLC Interests Total |
299,070 | 344,641 | 10.3 | % | 8.7 | % | ||||||
Debt Instruments, principally related to marketable alternative asset management funds |
||||||||||||
Manufacturing |
4,392 | 4,191 | 0.2 | % | 0.1 | % | ||||||
Services |
4,744 | 2,977 | 0.2 | % | 0.1 | % | ||||||
Real Estate Assets |
482 | 339 | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | ||||||
Debt Instruments Total |
9,618 | 7,507 | 0.4 | % | 0.2 | % | ||||||
United States and Canada Total |
2,546,509 | 3,024,780 | 88.0 | % | 75.8 | % | ||||||
15
THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements (Unaudited)(Continued)
(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Or Where Otherwise Noted)
Fair Value | Percentage of Investments of Consolidated Blackstone Funds |
|||||||||||
Geographic Region / Instrument Type / Industry Description or Investment Strategy |
September 30, 2008 |
December 31, 2007 |
September 30, 2008 |
December 31, 2007 |
||||||||
Europe |
||||||||||||
Equity Securities, principally related to marketable alternative asset management and corporate private equity funds |
||||||||||||
Manufacturing |
$ | 47,760 | $ | 523,244 | 1.6 | % | 13.0 | % | ||||
Services |
46,782 | 55,082 | 1.6 | % | 1.4 | % | ||||||
Equity Securities Total |
94,542 | 578,326 | 3.2 | % | 14.4 | % | ||||||
Partnership and LLC Interests, principally related to corporate private equity and real estate funds |
56,070 | 54,089 | 1.9 | % | 1.4 | % | ||||||
Debt Instruments, principally related to marketable alternative asset management funds |
1,108 | 452 | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | ||||||
Europe Total |
151,720 | 632,867 | 5.1 | % | 15.8 | % | ||||||
Asia |
||||||||||||
Equity Securities, principally related to marketable alternative asset management and corporate private equity funds |
||||||||||||
Services |
86,951 | 129,090 | 3.0 | % | 3.3 | % | ||||||
Manufacturing |
63,945 | 104,235 | 2.2 | % | 2.6 | % | ||||||
Natural Resources |
2,403 | 17,525 | 0.1 | % | 0.4 | % | ||||||
Real Estate Assets |
| 379 | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | ||||||
Equity Securities Total |
153,299 | 251,229 | 5.3 | % | 6.3 | % | ||||||
Partnership and LLC Interests, principally related to corporate private equity and real estate funds |
||||||||||||
Manufacturing |
352 | | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | ||||||
Services |
17 | | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | ||||||
Partnership and LLC Interests Total |
369 | | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | ||||||
Debt Instruments, principally related to marketable alternative asset management funds |
223 | | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | ||||||
Asia Total (Cost: 2008 $168,637; 2007 $223,382) |
153,891 | 251,229 | 5.3 | % | 6.3 | % | ||||||
Other Total (principally related to corporate private equity and marketable alternative asset management funds) |
46,548 | 83,762 | 1.6 | % | 2.1 | % | ||||||
Total Investments of Consolidated Blackstone Funds (Cost: 2008 $2,874,947; 2007 $3,500,241) |
$ | 2,898,668 | $ | 3,992,638 | 100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | ||||
16
THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements (Unaudited)(Continued)
(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Or Where Otherwise Noted)
At September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, there were no individual investments, which includes consideration of derivative contracts, with fair values exceeding 5.0% of Blackstones net assets. At September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, consideration was given as to whether any individual consolidated fund of hedge funds, feeder fund or any other affiliate exceeded 5.0% of Blackstones net assets. At September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, Blackport Capital Fund Ltd. had a fair value of $699.4 million and $903.3 million, respectively, and was the sole feeder fund investment to exceed the 5.0% threshold at each date.
Securities Sold, Not Yet Purchased. The following table presents the Partnerships Securities Sold, Not Yet Purchased held by the consolidated Blackstone Funds, which are held by certain of Blackstones proprietary hedge funds. These investments are presented as a percentage of Securities Sold, Not Yet Purchased.
Fair Value | Percentage of Securities Sold Not Yet Purchased |
|||||||||||
Geographic Region / Instrument Type / Industry Class |
September 30, 2008 |
December 31, 2007 |
September 30, 2008 |
December 31, 2007 |
||||||||
United States Equity Instruments |
||||||||||||
Services |
$ | 297,300 | $ | 597,880 | 50.4 | % | 50.0 | % | ||||
Manufacturing |
189,691 | 222,205 | 32.1 | % | 18.6 | % | ||||||
Natural Resources |
3,310 | 123,498 | 0.6 | % | 10.3 | % | ||||||
Real Estate Assets |
| 71,405 | | 6.0 | % | |||||||
United States Total |
490,301 | 1,014,988 | 83.1 | % | 84.9 | % | ||||||
Europe Equity Instruments |
||||||||||||
Manufacturing |
30,294 | 39,165 | 5.1 | % | 3.3 | % | ||||||
Services |
5,856 | 26,398 | 1.0 | % | 2.2 | % | ||||||
Europe Total |
36,150 | 65,563 | 6.1 | % | 5.5 | % | ||||||
Asia Equity Instruments |
||||||||||||
Natural Resources |
40,177 | 163 | 6.8 | % | | |||||||
Services |
23,163 | 25,383 | 3.9 | % | 2.1 | % | ||||||
Manufacturing |
646 | 78,381 | 0.1 | % | 6.5 | % | ||||||
Asia Total |
63,986 | 103,927 | 10.8 | % | 8.6 | % | ||||||
All other regions Equity Instruments Manufacturing |
| 12,380 | | 1.0 | % | |||||||
Total |
$ | 590,437 | $ | 1,196,858 | 100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | ||||
17
THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements (Unaudited)(Continued)
(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Or Where Otherwise Noted)
Realized and Net Change in Unrealized Gains (Losses) from Blackstone Funds. Net Gains (Losses) from Fund Investment Activities on the Condensed Consolidated and Combined Statements of Income include net realized gains (losses) from realizations and sales of investments and the net change in unrealized gains (losses) resulting from changes in fair value of the consolidated Blackstone Funds investments. The following table presents the net realized and net change in unrealized gains (losses) on investments held through the consolidated Blackstone Funds:
Three Months Ended September 30, |
Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||||
Realized Gains (Losses) |
$ | (178,172 | ) | $ | 78,925 | $ | (164,530 | ) | $ | 2,911,321 | |||||
Net Change in Unrealized Gains (Losses) |
(420,691 | ) | (92,547 | ) | (551,526 | ) | 2,469,794 | ||||||||
$ | (598,863 | ) | $ | (13,622 | ) | $ | (716,056 | ) | $ | 5,381,115 | |||||
Investments in Variable Interest Entities. Blackstone consolidates certain variable interest entities (VIEs) in addition to those entities consolidated under EITF 04-5, when it is determined that Blackstone is the primary beneficiary, either directly or indirectly, through a consolidated entity or affiliate. The assets of the consolidated VIEs are classified within Investments. The liabilities of the consolidated VIEs are non-recourse to Blackstones general creditors.
At September 30, 2008, Blackstone was the primary beneficiary of VIEs whose gross assets were $1.49 billion, which is the carrying amount of such financial assets in the condensed consolidated financial statements. The nature of these VIEs includes investments in corporate private equity, real estate, debt and funds of hedge funds assets.
Blackstone is also a significant variable interest holder in another VIE which is not consolidated, as Blackstone is not the primary beneficiary. This VIE is a fund of hedge funds. At September 30, 2008, gross assets of this entity was approximately $697.3 million. Blackstones aggregate maximum exposure to loss was approximately $220.1 million as of September 30, 2008. Blackstones involvement with this entity began on the date that it was formed, which was July 2002.
Equity Method Investments
Blackstone invests in corporate private equity funds, real estate funds, debt funds, funds of hedge funds and hedge funds that are not consolidated. The Partnership accounts for these investments under the equity method of accounting. Blackstones share of operating income generated by these investments is recorded as a component of Investment Income and Other. That amount reflects the fair value of gains and losses of the associated funds underlying investments.
A summary of Blackstones equity method investments follows:
September 30, 2008 |
December 31, 2007 | |||||
Equity Method Investments |
$ | 2,002,603 | $ | 1,971,228 | ||
Three Months Ended September 30, |
Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||
Equity in Net Income |
$ | (167,256 | ) | $ | 17,437 | $ | (196,305 | ) | $ | 36,412 | ||||
18
THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements (Unaudited)(Continued)
(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Or Where Otherwise Noted)
Performance Fees and Allocations
Blackstone manages corporate private equity funds, real estate funds, debt funds, funds of hedge funds and hedge funds that are not consolidated. The Partnership records as revenue the amount that would be due pursuant to the fund agreements at each period end as if the fair value of the investments were realized as of such date. In certain performance fee arrangements related to hedge funds in the marketable alternative asset management segment, Blackstone is entitled to receive performance fees and allocations when the return on assets under management exceeds certain benchmark returns or other performance targets. In such arrangements, performance fees and allocations are accrued monthly or quarterly based on measuring account / fund performance to date versus the performance benchmark stated in the investment management agreement.
Other Investments
Other Investments consist primarily of investment securities held by Blackstone for its own account and investments held in escrow on behalf of others. The following table presents Blackstones net realized and net change in unrealized gains (losses) in other investments:
Three Months Ended September 30, |
Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||||
Realized Gains |
$ | (232 | ) | $ | (3,911 | ) | $ | 104 | $ | 9,648 | |||||
Net Change in Unrealized Gains (Losses) |
(7,549 | ) | 1,287 | (9,115 | ) | 22,818 | |||||||||
$ | (7,781 | ) | $ | (2,624 | ) | $ | (9,011 | ) | $ | 32,466 | |||||
Fair Value Measurements
SFAS No. 157, Fair Value Measurements, (SFAS No. 157), establishes a hierarchal disclosure framework which prioritizes and ranks the level of market price observability used in measuring investments at fair value. Market price observability is affected by a number of factors, including the type of investment, the characteristics specific to the investment and the state of the marketplace including the existence and transparency of transactions between market participants. Investments with readily available active quoted prices or for which fair value can be measured from actively quoted prices in an orderly market generally will have a higher degree of market price observability and a lesser degree of judgment used in measuring fair value.
Investments measured and reported at fair value are classified and disclosed in one of the following categories.
Level IQuoted prices are available in active markets for identical investments as of the reporting date. The type of investments included in Level I include listed equities and listed derivatives. As required by SFAS No. 157, the Partnership does not adjust the quoted price for these investments, even in situations where Blackstone holds a large position and a sale could reasonably impact the quoted price.
Level IIPricing inputs are other than quoted prices in active markets, which are either directly or indirectly observable as of the reporting date, and fair value is determined through the use of models or other valuation methodologies. Investments which are generally included in this category include corporate bonds and loans, less liquid and restricted equity securities and certain over-the-counter derivatives.
Level IIIPricing inputs are unobservable for the investment and includes situations where there is little, if any, market activity for the investment. The inputs into the determination of fair value require significant management judgment or estimation. Investments that are included in this category generally
19
THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements (Unaudited)(Continued)
(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Or Where Otherwise Noted)
include general and limited partnership interests in corporate private equity and real estate funds, debt funds, funds of hedge funds, distressed debt and non-investment grade residual interests in securitizations and collateralized debt obligations.
In certain cases, the inputs used to measure fair value may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. In such cases, the determination of which category within the fair value hierarchy is appropriate for any given investment is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The Partnerships assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment and considers factors specific to the investment.
The following table summarizes the valuation of Blackstones investments by the above SFAS No. 157 fair value hierarchy levels as of September 30, 2008:
Total | Level I | Level II | Level III | |||||||||
Investments of Consolidated Blackstone Funds |
$ | 2,898,668 | $ | 665,787 | $ | 7,284 | $ | 2,225,597 | ||||
Other Investments |
77,587 | 34,784 | | 42,803 | ||||||||
Securities Sold, Not Yet Purchased |
590,437 | 590,437 | | |
Blackstones share of Investments of Consolidated Blackstone Funds totaled $599.7 million and $996.4 million at September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively.
The following table summarizes the Level III investments by valuation methodology as of September 30, 2008:
Fair Value Based on |
Corporate Private Equity |
Real Estate | Marketable Alternative Asset Management |
Total Investment Company Holdings |
||||||||
Third-Party Fund Managers |
| | 76.3 | % | 76.3 | % | ||||||
Specific Valuation Metrics |
12.9 | % | 8.4 | % | 2.4 | % | 23.7 | % | ||||
Total |
12.9 | % | 8.4 | % | 78.7 | % | 100.0 | % | ||||
The changes in investments measured at fair value for which the Partnership has used Level III inputs to determine fair value are as follows:
Three Months Ended September 30, 2008 |
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2008 |
|||||||
Balance, Beginning of Period |
$ | 2,463,215 | $ | 2,362,542 | ||||
Transfers In |
| 160,040 | ||||||
Purchases (Sales), Net |
(4,670 | ) | 25,289 | |||||
Realized and Unrealized Gains (Losses), Net |
(190,145 | ) | (279,471 | ) | ||||
Balance, September 30, 2008 |
$ | 2,268,400 | $ | 2,268,400 | ||||
Changes in Unrealized Gains (Losses) Included in Earnings Related to Investments Still Held at Reporting Date |
$ | (219,383 | ) | $ | (344,632 | ) | ||
20
THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements (Unaudited)(Continued)
(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Or Where Otherwise Noted)
5. | LOANS PAYABLE |
As of September 30, 2008, the Partnerships assumed credit facilities from the GSO acquisition constituted a capital asset facility with $16.8 million of available credit of which $16.4 million was drawn.
On May 12, 2008 Blackstone renewed its existing credit facility by entering into a new $1.0 billion revolving credit facility (New Credit Facility) with Blackstone Holdings I L.P., Blackstone Holdings II L.P., Blackstone Holdings III L.P., Blackstone Holdings IV L.P., and Blackstone Holdings V L.P., as joint and several co-borrowers. The New Credit Facility provides for revolving credit borrowings with a final maturity date of May 11, 2009. Interest on the borrowings is based on an adjusted LIBOR rate or alternate base rate, in each case plus a margin, and undrawn commitments bear a commitment fee. The New Credit Facility contains customary representations, covenants and events of default applicable to the co-borrowers and certain of their subsidiaries. Covenants include limitations on incurrence of liens, indebtedness, employee loans and advances, mergers, consolidations, asset sales and certain acquisitions, lines of business, amendment of partnership agreements, ownership of core businesses, and restricted payments. Financial covenants consist of a maximum net leverage ratio and a requirement to keep a minimum amount of fee generating assets under management, each tested quarterly. The New Credit Facility is unsecured and unguaranteed. As of September 30, 2008, $845.0 million was outstanding under this facility.
6. | INCOME TAXES |
The Blackstone Holdings Partnerships operate in the U.S. as partnerships for U.S. federal income tax purposes and generally as corporate entities in non-U.S. jurisdictions; accordingly, these entities in some cases are subject to the New York City unincorporated business tax or, in the case of non-U.S. entities, to non-U.S. corporate income taxes. In addition, certain wholly-owned entities of the Partnership are subject to federal, state and local corporate income taxes. Prior to the Reorganization, Blackstone provided for New York City unincorporated business tax for certain entities based on a statutory rate of 4%.
Blackstones effective income tax rate was a benefit of 6.89% and a provision of 5.44% for the three months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively, and a benefit of 6.25% and a provision of 0.96% for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. Blackstones income tax benefit or provision were a benefit of $25.2 million and a provision of $5.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively, and a benefit of $49.9 million and a provision of $17.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
Blackstones effective tax rate for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2008 was due to the following: (1) certain wholly-owned subsidiaries were subject to federal, state and local corporate income taxes on income allocated to Blackstone and certain non-U.S. corporate entities continue to be subject to non-U.S. corporate income tax, and (2) a portion of the compensation charges that contribute to Blackstones net loss are not deductible for tax purposes. Blackstones effective tax rate for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2007 was due to the fact that prior to the Reorganization, Blackstone provided for New York City unincorporated business tax on certain businesses that were subject to such tax and corporate income tax on certain non-U.S. corporate entities.
7. | NET LOSS PER COMMON UNIT |
Beginning in the three month period ended September 30, 2008, certain unitholders exchanged Blackstone Holdings Partnership Units for Blackstone Common Units. Until the Blackstone Common Units issued in such exchanges are transferred to third parties, the unitholders will forego any priority distributions referred to below.
21
THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements (Unaudited)(Continued)
(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Or Where Otherwise Noted)
As a result, net loss available to the common unitholders was allocated between common units entitled to priority distributions and common units not entitled to priority distributions. The Partnership has calculated net loss per unit in accordance with EITF Issue No. 03-06, Participating Securities and the Two-Class Method Under FASB Statement 128 (EITF 03-06).
Basic and diluted net loss per common unit for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 are calculated as follows:
Three Months Ended September 30, 2008 |
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2008 |
|||||||||||||||
Basic | Diluted | Basic | Diluted | |||||||||||||
Total Undistributed Loss |
||||||||||||||||
Net Loss Allocable to Common Unit Holders |
$ | (340,331 | ) | $ | (340,331 | ) | $ | (747,855 | ) | $ | (747,855 | ) | ||||
Less: Distributions to Common Unitholders |
80,714 | 80,714 | 237,960 | 237,960 | ||||||||||||
Total Undistributed Loss |
$ | (421,045 | ) | $ | (421,045 | ) | $ | (985,815 | ) | $ | (985,815 | ) | ||||
Allocation of Total Undistributed Loss |
||||||||||||||||
Undistributed Loss Common Unitholders Entitled to Priority Distributions |
$ | (415,792 | ) | $ | (415,792 | ) | $ | (980,562 | ) | $ | (980,562 | ) | ||||
Undistributed Loss Common Unitholders Not Entitled to Priority Distributions |
(5,253 | ) | (5,253 | ) | (5,253 | ) | (5,253 | ) | ||||||||
Total Undistributed Loss |
$ | (421,045 | ) | $ | (421,045 | ) | $ | (985,815 | ) | $ | (985,815 | ) | ||||
Net Loss Per Common Unit Common Units Entitled to Priority Distributions Undistributed Loss per Common Unit |
$ | (1.57 | ) | $ | (1.57 | ) | $ | (3.74 | ) | $ | (3.74 | ) | ||||
Priority Distributions |
0.30 | 0.30 | 0.90 | 0.90 | ||||||||||||
Net Loss Per Common Unit Common Units Entitled to Priority Distributions |
$ | (1.27 | ) | $ | (1.27 | ) | $ | (2.84 | ) | $ | (2.84 | ) | ||||
Net Loss Per Common Unit Common Units Not Entitled to Priority Distributions |
$ | (1.57 | ) | $ | (1.57 | ) | $ | (1.57 | ) | $ | (1.57 | ) | ||||
Weighted-Average Common Units Outstanding Common Units Entitled to Priority Distributions |
265,430,025 | 265,430,025 | 261,907,977 | 261,907,977 | ||||||||||||
Weighted-Average Common Units Outstanding Common Units Not Entitled to Priority Distributions |
3,353,468 | 3,353,468 | 1,125,982 | 1,125,982 | ||||||||||||
Total Weighted-Average Common Units Outstanding |
268,783,493 | 268,783,493 | 263,033,959 | 263,033,959 | ||||||||||||
22
THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements (Unaudited)(Continued)
(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Or Where Otherwise Noted)
For the three months ended September 30, 2008, a total of 29,543,142 unvested deferred restricted common units and 831,014,915 Blackstone Holdings Partnership Units were anti-dilutive and as such have been excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per unit. For the nine months ended September 30, 2008, a total of 33,178,865 unvested deferred restricted common units and 832,994,660 Blackstone Holdings Partnership Units were anti-dilutive and as such have been excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per unit.
Basic and diluted net loss per common unit for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007 are calculated as follows:
Three Months Ended September 30, 2007 |
June 19, 2007 through September 30, 2007 |
|||||||||||||||
Basic | Diluted | Basic | Diluted | |||||||||||||
Net Loss Allocable to Common Unit Holders |
$ | (113,190 | ) | $ | (113,190 | ) | $ | (165,514 | ) | $ | (165,514 | ) | ||||
Weighted-Average Common Units Outstanding |
260,194,486 | 260,194,486 | 260,114,870 | 260,114,870 | ||||||||||||
Net Loss per Common Unit |
$ | (0.44 | ) | $ | (0.44 | ) | $ | (0.64 | ) | $ | (0.64 | ) | ||||
For the three months ended September 30, 2007, a total of 33,457,425 unvested deferred restricted common units and 827,365,412 Blackstone Holdings Partnership Units were anti-dilutive and as such have been excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per unit. For the period June 19, 2007 to September 30, 2007, a total of 33,546,583 unvested deferred restricted common units and 827,382,860 Blackstone Holdings Partnership Units were anti-dilutive and as such have been excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per unit.
Cash Distribution Policy
Blackstones current intention is to distribute to its common unitholders on a quarterly basis substantially all of its net after-tax share of its annual Adjusted Cash Flow from Operations in excess of amounts determined by its general partner to be necessary or appropriate to provide for the conduct of its business, to make appropriate investments in its business and its funds, to comply with applicable law, any of its debt instruments or other agreements, or to provide for future distributions to common unitholders for any ensuing quarter. The declaration and payment of any distributions will be at the sole discretion of its general partner, which may change its distribution policy at any time. Until December 31, 2009, the holders of Blackstone Holdings partnership units will not receive any distributions (other than tax distributions in the circumstances specified in Blackstones 2007 Annual Report on Form 10-K) for a year unless and until common unitholders receive aggregate distributions of $1.20 per common unit for such year. Blackstone does not intend to maintain this priority allocation after December 31, 2009.
Unit Repurchase Program
In January 2008, Blackstone announced that the Board of Directors of its general partner, Blackstone Group Management L.L.C., had authorized the repurchase by Blackstone of up to $500 million of Blackstone Common Units and Blackstone Holdings Partnership Units. Under this unit repurchase program, units may be repurchased from time to time in open market transactions, in privately negotiated transactions or otherwise. The timing and the actual number of Blackstone Common Units and Blackstone Holdings Partnership Units repurchased will depend on a variety of factors, including legal requirements, price and economic and market conditions. This unit repurchase program may be suspended or discontinued at any time and does not have a specified expiration date.
23
THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements (Unaudited)(Continued)
(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Or Where Otherwise Noted)
During the nine months ended September 30, 2008, Blackstone repurchased a combination of 8,329,101 vested and unvested Blackstone Holdings Partnership Units and Blackstone Common Units as part of the unit repurchase program for a total cost of $125.0 million.
8. | EQUITY-BASED COMPENSATION |
The Partnership granted equity-based compensation awards to Blackstones senior managing directors, non-partner professionals, non-professionals and selected external advisors primarily in connection with the IPO. As of January 1, 2008, the Partnership had the ability to grant 162,109,845 units under the Partnerships 2007 Equity Incentive Plan during the year ended December 31, 2008.
For the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2008, the Partnership recorded compensation expense of $775.4 million and $2.50 billion, respectively, in relation to its equity-based awards with a corresponding tax benefit of $3.2 million and $11.2 million, respectively. The Partnership recorded compensation expense of $747.4 million and $983.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2007 and for the period June 19, 2007 through September 30, 2007, respectively. As of September 30, 2008, there was $10.02 billion of estimated unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested equity-based compensation arrangements. That cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 4.9 years.
Total vested and unvested outstanding units, including Blackstone Common Units, Blackstone Holdings Partnership Units and deferred restricted common units, were 1,113,883,826 as of September 30, 2008. Total outstanding unvested phantom units were 554,994 as of September 30, 2008.
A summary of the status of the Partnerships unvested equity-based awards as of September 30, 2008 and a summary of changes for the nine months ended September 30, 2008, are presented below:
Blackstone Holdings | The Blackstone Group L.P. | |||||||||||||||||
Unvested Units |
Partnership Units |
Weighted- Average Grant Date Fair Value |
Equity Settled Awards | Cash Settled Awards | ||||||||||||||
Deferred Restricted Common Units |
Weighted- Average Grant Date Fair Value |
Phantom Units |
Weighted- Average Grant Date Fair Value | |||||||||||||||
Balance, December 31, 2007 |
439,153,982 | $ | 31.00 | 34,734,870 | $ | 26.65 | 967,923 | $ | 27.23 | |||||||||
Granted |
1,630,325 | 17.59 | 857,471 | 17.29 | 24,630 | 16.52 | ||||||||||||
Repurchased |
(7,510,488 | ) | 31.00 | | | | | |||||||||||
Vested |
(77,986,677 | ) | 31.00 | (5,960,181 | ) | 28.63 | (370,116 | ) | 28.12 | |||||||||
Exchanged |
(128,200 | ) | 31.00 | 167,271 | 19.62 | 3,333 | 15.11 | |||||||||||
Forfeited |
(736,295 | ) | 31.00 | (975,060 | ) | 26.68 | (70,776 | ) | 26.90 | |||||||||
Balance, September 30, 2008 |
354,422,647 | $ | 30.94 | 28,824,371 | $ | 25.88 | 554,994 | $ | 26.12 | |||||||||
In March 2008, the Partnership modified certain senior managing directors Blackstone Holdings Partnership Unit award agreements and subsequently repurchased under the unit repurchase program both vested and unvested units in conjunction with the modifications. A percentage of the cash settlement was paid up front to the senior managing directors and the remaining percentage of the settlement will be held in escrow and in certain cases earned over a specified service period. At the date of modification, the Partnership recognized total compensation expense of $167.2 million, which is included in the total equity-based compensation expense of $2.50 billion, related to the modifications and cash settlement. Additional compensation expense related to the portion of the settlement held in escrow will be recognized over the specified service period which ranges from approximately 18 to 50 months.
24
THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements (Unaudited)(Continued)
(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Or Where Otherwise Noted)
Units Expected to Vest
The following unvested units, as of September 30, 2008, are expected to vest:
Units | Weighted-Average Service Period in Years | |||
Blackstone Holdings Partnership Units |
327,820,786 | 4.6 | ||
Deferred Restricted Blackstone Common Units |
23,138,449 | 5.4 | ||
Total Equity Settled Awards |
350,959,235 | 4.6 | ||
Phantom Units |
457,994 | 1.6 | ||
Acquisition of GSO Capital Partners LP
In conjunction with the acquisition of GSO, the Partnership entered into equity-based compensation arrangements with certain GSO senior managing directors and other personnel. The arrangements stipulate that the recipient receive cash, equity instruments or a combination of cash and equity instruments to be earned over service periods ranging from three to five years or based upon the realization of specified earnings targets over the period 2008 through 2012. For the non-performance dependent compensation arrangements, the Partnership will recognize the estimated expense on a straight-line basis over the service period. For the performance-based compensation arrangements tied to specified earnings targets, the Partnership estimates compensation expense based upon whether it is probable that forecasted earnings will meet or exceed the required earnings targets and if so, recognizes the expense over the earnings period.
25
THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements (Unaudited)(Continued)
(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Or Where Otherwise Noted)
9. | RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS |
Affiliate Receivables and Payables
Blackstone Group considers its Founders, other senior managing directors, employees, the Blackstone Funds and the Portfolio Companies to be affiliates. As of September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, Due from Affiliates and Due to Affiliates were comprised of the following:
September 30, 2008 |
December 31, 2007 | |||||
Due from Affiliates |
||||||
Primarily Interest Bearing Advances Made on Behalf of Predecessor Owners and Blackstone Employees for Investments in Blackstone Funds |
$ | 151,181 | $ | 143,849 | ||
Payments Made on Behalf of Non-Consolidated Entities |
94,417 | 204,701 | ||||
Management and Performance Fees Due from Non-Consolidated Funds of Funds |
68,938 | 90,696 | ||||
Amounts Due from Portfolio Companies |
60,970 | 43,683 | ||||
Advances Made to Predecessor Owners and Blackstone Employees |
7,740 | 9,749 | ||||
Investments Redeemed in Non-Consolidated Funds of Funds |
4,339 | 363,176 | ||||
$ | 387,585 | $ | 855,854 | |||
Due to Affiliates |
||||||
Due to Predecessor Owners in Connection with the Tax Receivable Agreement |
$ | 688,547 | $ | 689,119 | ||
Due to Predecessor Owners and Blackstone Employees |
280,400 | 65,995 | ||||
Distributions Received on Behalf of Predecessor Owners and Blackstone Employees |
28,283 | 71,065 | ||||
Distributions Received on Behalf of Non-Consolidated Entities |
7,444 | 3,315 | ||||
Payments Made by Non-Consolidated Entities |
4,222 | 2,115 | ||||
$ | 1,008,896 | $ | 831,609 | |||
Interests of the Founders, Other Senior Managing Directors and Employees
In addition, the Founders, other senior managing directors and employees invest on a discretionary basis in the consolidated Blackstone Funds both directly and through consolidated entities. Their investments may be subject to preferential management fee and performance fee and allocation arrangements. As of September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, the Founders, other senior managing directors and employees investments aggregated $1.24 billion and $1.27 billion, respectively, and the Founders, other senior managing directors and employees share of the Non-Controlling Interests in Income (Loss) of Consolidated Entities aggregated $(150.8) million and $(40.5) million for the three months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively, and $(164.7) million and $272.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
Loans to Affiliates
Loans to affiliates consist of interest-bearing advances to certain Blackstone individuals to finance their investments in certain Blackstone Funds. These loans earn interest at Blackstones cost of borrowing and such interest totaled $1.0 million and $1.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively, and $4.1 million and $5.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
26
THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements (Unaudited)(Continued)
(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Or Where Otherwise Noted)
Contingent Repayment Guarantee
Blackstone and its personnel who have received carried interest distributions have guaranteed payment on a several basis (subject to a cap) to the carry funds of any contingent repayment (clawback) obligation with respect to the excess carried interest allocated to the general partners of such funds and indirectly received thereby to the extent that either Blackstone or its personnel fail to fulfill their respective cash clawback obligation, if any.
Tax Receivable Agreements
Blackstone used a portion of the proceeds from the IPO and the sale of non-voting common units to Beijing Wonderful Investments to purchase interests in the predecessor businesses from the predecessor owners. In addition, holders of partnership units in Blackstone Holdings Partnership Units may exchange their Blackstone Holdings Partnership Units for Blackstone Common Units on a one-for-one basis. The purchase and subsequent exchanges are expected to result in increases in the tax basis of the tangible and intangible assets of Blackstone Holdings and therefore reduce the amount of tax that Blackstones wholly-owned subsidiaries would otherwise be required to pay in the future.
Certain subsidiaries of the Partnership which are corporate taxpayers have entered into tax receivable agreements with each of the predecessor owners and additional tax receivable agreements have been executed, and will continue to be executed, with newly-admitted senior managing directors and others who acquire Blackstone Holdings Partnership Units. The agreements provide for the payment by the corporate taxpayers to such owners of 85% of the amount of cash savings, if any, in U.S. federal, state and local income tax that the corporate taxpayers actually realize as result of the aforementioned increases in tax basis and of certain other tax benefits related to entering into these tax receivable agreements. For purposes of the tax receivable agreements, cash savings in income tax will be computed by comparing the actual income tax liability of the corporate taxpayers to the amount of such taxes that the corporate taxpayers would have been required to pay had there been no increase to the tax basis of the tangible and intangible assets of Blackstone Holdings as a result of the exchanges and had the corporate taxpayers not entered into the tax receivable agreements.
Assuming no material changes in the relevant tax law and that the corporate taxpayers earn sufficient taxable income to realize the full tax benefit of the increased amortization of the assets, the expected future payments under the tax receivable agreements (which are taxable to the recipients) will aggregate $688.5 million over the next 15 years. The present value of these estimated payments totals $139.6 million assuming a 15% discount rate and using Blackstones most recent projections relating to the estimated timing of the benefit to be received. Future payments under the tax receivable agreements in respect of subsequent exchanges would be in addition to these amounts.
10. | COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES |
Guarantees Blackstone had approximately $12.0 million of letters of credit outstanding to provide collateral support related to a credit facility at September 30, 2008.
Certain real estate funds guarantee payments to third parties in connection with the on-going business activities and/or acquisitions of their Portfolio Companies. At September 30, 2008, such guarantees amounted to $23.7 million.
Debt Covenants Blackstones debt obligations contain various customary loan covenants. In managements opinion, these covenants do not materially restrict Blackstones investment or financing strategy. Blackstone was in compliance with all of its loan covenants as of September 30, 2008.
27
THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements (Unaudited)(Continued)
(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Or Where Otherwise Noted)
Investment Commitments The Blackstone Funds had signed investment commitments with respect to investments representing commitments of $59.8 million as of September 30, 2008. Included in this is $9.1 million of signed investment commitments for portfolio company acquisitions in the process of closing.
The general partners of the Blackstone Funds had unfunded commitments to each of their respective funds totaling $1.18 billion as of September 30, 2008.
Certain of Blackstones funds of hedge funds not consolidated in these financial statements have unfunded investment commitments to unaffiliated hedge funds of $3.04 billion as of September 30, 2008. The funds of hedge funds consolidated in these financial statements may, but are not required to, allocate assets to these funds.
Contingent Obligations (Cash Clawback) Carried interest is subject to cash clawback to the extent that the carried interest distributed to date exceeds the amount contractually due to Blackstone based on cumulative results. For financial reporting purposes at each period end, the general partner may reflect a clawback obligation to the limited partners of a fund due to changes in unrealized value of a fund on which there have been carried interest realizations; however the settlement of a potential obligation is not due until the end of the life of the respective fund. If, at September 30, 2008, all of the investments held by the carry funds, which are at fair value, were deemed worthless, a possibility that management views as remote, the amount of carried interest subject to potential clawback would be $1.33 billion, on an after tax basis, at an assumed tax rate of 35.0%. As of September 30, 2008, none of the general partners of the corporate private equity, real estate or debt funds had an actual cash clawback obligation to any limited partners of the funds. In addition, Blackstone may be contingently obligated to fund obligations to certain Blackstone funds to the extent Blackstone personnel fail to meet their capital obligations to such funds.
Contingent Performance Fees and Allocations Performance fees and allocations related to marketable alternative asset management funds for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 included $22.9 million attributable to arrangements where the measurement period has not ended.
Litigation From time to time, Blackstone is named as a defendant in legal actions relating to transactions conducted in the ordinary course of business. After consultation with legal counsel, management believes the ultimate liability arising from such actions that existed as of September 30, 2008, if any, will not materially affect Blackstones results of operations, financial position or cash flows.
11. | SEGMENT REPORTING |
Blackstone transacts its primary business in the United States and substantially all of its revenues are generated domestically.
Blackstone conducts its alternative asset management and financial advisory businesses through four reportable segments:
| Corporate Private Equity Blackstones Corporate Private Equity segment comprises its management of corporate private equity funds. |
| Real Estate Blackstones Real Estate segment comprises its management of real estate funds. |
| Marketable Alternative Asset Management Blackstones Marketable Alternative Asset Management segment whose consistent focus is current earnings is comprised of its management of funds of hedge funds, debt funds and CLOs, proprietary hedge funds and publicly-traded closed-end mutual funds. GSOs results from the date of acquisition have been included in this segment. |
28
THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements (Unaudited)(Continued)
(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Or Where Otherwise Noted)
| Financial Advisory Blackstones Financial Advisory segment comprises its corporate and mergers and acquisitions advisory services, restructuring and reorganization advisory services and Park Hill Group, which provides fund placement services for alternative investment funds. |
These business segments are differentiated by their various sources of income, with the Corporate Private Equity, Real Estate and Marketable Alternative Asset Management segments primarily earning their income from management fees and investment returns on assets under management, while the Financial Advisory segment primarily earns its income from fees related to investment banking services and advice and fund placement services.
Economic Net Income (ENI) is a key performance measure used by management. ENI represents segment net income excluding the impact of income taxes and transaction related items including charges associated with equity-based compensation, the amortization of intangibles and corporate actions including acquisitions. Blackstones historical combined financial statements for periods prior to the IPO do not include these transaction related charges nor do such financial statements reflect certain compensation expenses including profit-sharing arrangements associated with senior managing directors, departed partners and other selected employees. Those compensation expenses were accounted for as partnership distributions prior to the IPO but are included in the financial statements for periods following the IPO as a component of compensation and benefits expense. The aggregate of ENI for all reportable segments equals Total Reportable Segment ENI. ENI is used by the management primarily in making resource deployment and compensation decisions across Blackstones four segments.
Management makes operating decisions and assesses the performance of each of Blackstones business segments based on financial and operating metrics and data that is presented without the consolidation of any of the Blackstone Funds that are consolidated into the condensed consolidated and combined financial statements. Consequently, all segment data excludes the assets, liabilities and operating results related to the Blackstone Funds.
29
THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements (Unaudited)(Continued)
(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Or Where Otherwise Noted)
The following table presents the financial data for Blackstones four reportable segments for the three months ended September 30, 2008 and as of and for the nine months ended September 30, 2008:
Three Months Ended September 30, 2008 | |||||||||||||||||||
Corporate Private Equity |
Real Estate |
Marketable Alternative Asset Management |
Financial Advisory |
Total Reportable Segments |
|||||||||||||||
Segment Revenues |
|||||||||||||||||||
Management Fees |
|||||||||||||||||||
Base Management Fees |
$ | 67,009 | $ | 80,361 | $ | 131,279 | $ | | $ | 278,649 | |||||||||
Advisory Fees |
| | | 157,026 | 157,026 | ||||||||||||||
Transaction and Other Fees |
26,090 | 7,050 | 4,270 | | 37,410 | ||||||||||||||
Management Fee Offsets |
(9,330 | ) | (1,435 | ) | | | (10,765 | ) | |||||||||||
Total Management and Advisory Fees |
83,769 | 85,976 | 135,549 | 157,026 | 462,320 | ||||||||||||||
Performance Fees and Allocations |
(104,653 | ) | (302,448 | ) | (12,488 | ) | | (419,589 | ) | ||||||||||
Investment Income (Loss) and Other |
(47,454 | ) | (57,180 | ) | (171,033 | ) | 3,716 | (271,951 | ) | ||||||||||
Total Revenues |
(68,338 | ) | (273,652 | ) | (47,972 | ) | 160,742 | (229,220 | ) | ||||||||||
Expenses |
|||||||||||||||||||
Compensation and Benefits |
34,192 | 21,102 | 60,268 | 82,295 | 197,857 | ||||||||||||||
Other Operating Expenses |
23,957 | 14,807 | 26,073 | 17,352 | 82,189 | ||||||||||||||
Total Expenses |
58,149 | 35,909 | 86,341 | 99,647 | 280,046 | ||||||||||||||
Economic Net Income (Loss) |
$ | (126,487 | ) | $ | (309,561 | ) | $ | (134,313 | ) | $ | 61,095 | $ | (509,266 | ) | |||||
September 30, 2008 and the Nine Months then Ended | |||||||||||||||||||
Corporate Private Equity |
Real Estate |
Marketable Alternative Asset Management |
Financial Advisory |
Total Reportable Segments |
|||||||||||||||
Segment Revenues |
|||||||||||||||||||
Management Fees |
|||||||||||||||||||
Base Management Fees |
$ | 201,312 | $ | 215,089 | $ | 361,915 | $ | | $ | 778,316 | |||||||||
Advisory Fees |
| | | 296,669 | 296,669 | ||||||||||||||
Transaction and Other Fees |
56,088 | 25,699 | 8,282 | | 90,069 | ||||||||||||||
Management Fee Offsets |
(32,972 | ) | (2,165 | ) | | | (35,137 | ) | |||||||||||
Total Management and Advisory Fees |
224,428 | 238,623 | 370,197 | 296,669 | 1,129,917 | ||||||||||||||
Performance Fees and Allocations |
(246,123 | ) | (409,643 | ) | 37,597 | | (618,169 | ) | |||||||||||
Investment Income (Loss) and Other |
(70,912 | ) | (69,144 | ) | (200,531 | ) | 8,139 | (332,448 | ) | ||||||||||
Total Revenues |
(92,607 | ) | (240,164 | ) | 207,263 | 304,808 | 179,300 | ||||||||||||
Expenses |
|||||||||||||||||||
Compensation and Benefits |
(6,277 | )* | 88,873 | 200,703 | 177,836 | 461,135 | |||||||||||||
Other Operating Expenses |
67,037 | 43,548 | 69,538 | 40,950 | 221,073 | ||||||||||||||
Total Expenses |
60,760 | 132,421 | 270,241 | 218,786 | 682,208 | ||||||||||||||
Economic Net Income (Loss) |
$ | (153,367 | ) | $ | (372,585 | ) | $ | (62,978 | ) | $ | 86,022 | $ | (502,908 | ) | |||||
Segment Assets |
$ | 3,048,388 | $ | 2,433,332 | $ | 2,944,780 | $ | 579,352 | $ | 9,005,852 | |||||||||
30
THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements (Unaudited)(Continued)
(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Or Where Otherwise Noted)
* | The credit balance in Compensation and Benefits for the Corporate Private Equity segment is primarily the result of a $107.1 million reversal of prior period carried interest allocations made to certain personnel that are participating in the Partnerships profit sharing arrangements due to decreases in the fair values of portfolio investments. |
The following table reconciles the Total Reportable Segments to Blackstones Income (Loss) Before Benefit for Taxes and Total Assets for the three months ended September 30, 2008 and as of and for the nine months ended September 30, 2008:
Three Months Ended September 30, 2008 | |||||||||||||||
Total Reportable Segments |
Adjustments | Blackstone Consolidated |
|||||||||||||
Revenues |
$ | (229,220 | ) | $ | 68,966 | (a | ) | $ | (160,254 | ) | |||||
Expenses |
$ | 280,046 | $ | 852,652 | (b | ) | $ | 1,132,698 | |||||||
Other Loss |
$ | | $ | (550,755 | ) | (c | ) | $ | (550,755 | ) | |||||
Economic Net Income (Loss) |
$ | (509,266 | ) | $ | 143,767 | (d | ) | $ | (365,499 | ) | |||||
September 30, 2008 and the Nine Months then Ended | |||||||||||||||
Total Reportable Segments |
Adjustments | Blackstone Consolidated |
|||||||||||||
Revenues |
$ | 179,300 | $ | 82,621 | (a | ) | $ | 261,921 | |||||||
Expenses |
$ | 682,208 | $ | 2,712,361 | (b | ) | $ | 3,394,569 | |||||||
Other Loss |
$ | | $ | (576,713 | ) | (c | ) | $ | (576,713 | ) | |||||
Economic Net Income (Loss) |
$ | (502,908 | ) | $ | (294,819 | ) | (d | ) | $ | (797,727 | ) | ||||
Total Assets |
$ | 9,005,852 | $ | 2,943,405 | (e | ) | $ | 11,949,257 |
(a) | The Revenues adjustment principally represents management and performance fees and allocations earned from Blackstone Funds to arrive at Blackstone consolidated and combined revenues which were eliminated in consolidation. |
(b) | The Expenses adjustment represents the addition of expenses of the consolidated Blackstone Funds to the Blackstone unconsolidated expenses, amortization of intangibles and expenses related to equity-based compensation to arrive at Blackstone consolidated and combined expenses. |
(c) | The Other Income (Loss) adjustment results from the following: |
Three Months Ended September 30, 2008 |
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2008 |
|||||||
Fund Management Fees and Performance Fees and Allocations Eliminated in Consolidation |
$ | (75,843 | ) | $ | (93,581 | ) | ||
Fund Expenses Added in Consolidation |
14,065 | 60,966 | ||||||
Non-Controlling Interests in Income (Loss) of Consolidated Entities |
(488,977 | ) | (544,098 | ) | ||||
Total Consolidation Adjustments |
$ | (550,755 | ) | $ | (576,713 | ) | ||
31
THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements (Unaudited)(Continued)
(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Or Where Otherwise Noted)
(d) | The reconciliation of Economic Net Income (Loss) to Income (Loss) Before Benefit for Taxes as reported in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Income consists of the following: |
Three Months Ended September 30, 2008 |
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2008 |
|||||||
Economic Net Income (Loss) |
$ | (509,266 | ) | $ | (502,908 | ) | ||
Adjustments |
||||||||
Amortization of Intangibles |
(39,512 | ) | (113,725 | ) | ||||
Transaction Related Charges |
(804,055 | ) | (2,541,052 | ) | ||||
Other Adjustments |
(12,286 | ) | (12,286 | ) | ||||
Decrease in Loss Associated with Non-Controlling Interests in Income of Consolidated Entities Primarily Relating to the Blackstone Holdings Partnership Units Held by Blackstone Holdings Limited Partners |
999,620 | 2,372,244 | ||||||
Total Adjustments |
143,767 | (294,819 | ) | |||||
Income (Loss) Before Benefit for Taxes |
$ | (365,499 | ) | $ | (797,727 | ) | ||
(e) | The Total Assets adjustment represents the addition of assets of the consolidated Blackstone Funds to the Blackstone unconsolidated assets to arrive at Blackstone consolidated and combined assets. |
The following table presents financial data for Blackstones four reportable segments for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007:
Three Months Ended September 30, 2007 | ||||||||||||||||||
Corporate Private Equity |
Real Estate |
Marketable Alternative Asset Management |
Financial Advisory |
Total Reportable Segments |
||||||||||||||
Segment Revenues |
||||||||||||||||||
Management Fees |
||||||||||||||||||
Base Management Fees |
$ | 66,389 | $ | 70,618 | $ | 87,999 | $ | | $ | 225,006 | ||||||||
Advisory Fees |
| | | 81,911 | 81,911 | |||||||||||||
Transaction and Other Fees |
48,711 | 14,886 | 1,694 | | 65,291 | |||||||||||||
Management Fee Offsets |
(20,892 | ) | (9,281 | ) | | | (30,173 | ) | ||||||||||
Total Management and Advisory Fees |
94,208 | 76,223 | 89,693 | 81,911 | 342,035 | |||||||||||||
Performance Fees and Allocations |
108,398 | 28,479 | 2,522 | | 139,399 | |||||||||||||
Investment Income and Other |
24,685 | 4,398 | 32,658 | 2,354 | 64,095 | |||||||||||||
Total Revenues |
227,291 | 109,100 | 124,873 | 84,265 | 545,529 | |||||||||||||
Expenses |
||||||||||||||||||
Compensation and Benefits |
56,319 | 39,325 | 34,006 | 50,020 | 179,670 | |||||||||||||
Other Operating Expenses |
22,798 | 12,639 | 17,779 | 13,485 | 66,701 | |||||||||||||
Total Expenses |
79,117 | 51,964 | 51,785 | 63,505 | 246,371 | |||||||||||||
Economic Net Income |
$ | 148,174 | $ | 57,136 | $ | 73,088 | $ | 20,760 | $ | 299,158 | ||||||||
32
THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements (Unaudited)(Continued)
(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Or Where Otherwise Noted)
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2007 | ||||||||||||||||||
Corporate Private Equity |
Real Estate |
Marketable Alternative Asset Management |
Financial Advisory |
Total Reportable Segments |
||||||||||||||
Segment Revenues |
||||||||||||||||||
Management Fees |
||||||||||||||||||
Base Management Fees |
$ | 188,108 | $ | 168,251 | $ | 223,509 | $ | | $ | 579,868 | ||||||||
Advisory Fees |
| | | 271,954 | 271,954 | |||||||||||||
Transaction and Other Fees |
113,883 | 243,778 | 4,754 | | 362,415 | |||||||||||||
Management Fee Offsets |
(41,757 | ) | (9,972 | ) | | | (51,729 | ) | ||||||||||
Total Management and Advisory Fees |
260,234 | 402,057 | 228,263 | 271,954 | 1,162,508 | |||||||||||||
Performance Fees and Allocations |
503,286 | 662,263 | 132,490 | | 1,298,039 | |||||||||||||
Investment Income and Other |
117,194 | 151,722 | 89,055 | 5,073 | 363,044 | |||||||||||||
Total Revenues |
880,714 | 1,216,042 | 449,808 | 277,027 | 2,823,591 | |||||||||||||
Expenses |
||||||||||||||||||
Compensation and Benefits |
98,200 | 79,729 | 104,637 | 88,273 | 370,839 | |||||||||||||
Other Operating Expenses |
54,869 | 27,252 | 52,527 | 27,327 | 161,975 | |||||||||||||
Total Expenses |
153,069 | 106,981 | 157,164 | 115,600 | 532,814 | |||||||||||||
Economic Net Income |
$ | 727,645 | $ | 1,109,061 | $ | 292,644 | $ | 161,427 | $ | 2,290,777 | ||||||||
The following table reconciles the Total Reportable Segments to Blackstones Income Before Provision for Taxes for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007:
Three Months Ended September 30, 2007 | |||||||||||||
Total Reportable Segments |
Adjustments | Blackstone Consolidated |
|||||||||||
Revenues |
$ | 545,529 | $ | (18,843 | ) | (a) | $ | 526,686 | |||||
Expenses |
$ | 246,371 | $ | 804,624 | (b) | $ | 1,050,995 | ||||||
Other Income |
$ | | $ | 9,884 | (c) | $ | 9,884 | ||||||
Economic Net Income (Loss) |
$ | 299,158 | $ | (406,507 | ) | (d) | $ | (107,349 | ) | ||||
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2007 | |||||||||||||
Total Reportable Segments |
Adjustments | Blackstone Consolidated |
|||||||||||
Revenues |
$ | 2,823,591 | $ | (118,409 | ) | (a) | $ | 2,705,182 | |||||
Expenses |
$ | 532,814 | $ | 1,167,299 | (b) | $ | 1,700,113 | ||||||
Other Income |
$ | | $ | 5,406,709 | (c) | $ | 5,406,709 | ||||||
Economic Net Income |
$ | 2,290,777 | $ | (480,138 | ) | (d) | $ | 1,810,639 |
(a) | The Revenues adjustment principally represents management and performance fees and allocations earned from Blackstone Funds to arrive at Blackstone combined revenues which were eliminated in consolidation. |
33
THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements (Unaudited)(Continued)
(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Or Where Otherwise Noted)
(b) | The Expenses adjustment represents the addition of expenses of the consolidated Blackstone Funds to the Blackstone unconsolidated expenses to arrive at Blackstone consolidated and combined expenses. |
(c) | The Other Income adjustment results from the following: |
Three Months Ended September 30, 2007 |
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2007 |
|||||||
Fund Management Fees and Performance Fees and Allocations Eliminated in Consolidation |
$ | 18,843 | $ | 118,409 | ||||
Intersegment Elimination |
(5,187 | ) | (5,187 | ) | ||||
Fund Expenses Added in Consolidation |
7,202 | 126,448 | ||||||
Non-Controlling Interests in Income (Loss) of Consolidated Entities |
(10,974 | ) | 5,167,039 | |||||
Total Consolidation Adjustments |
$ | 9,884 | $ | 5,406,709 | ||||
(d) | The reconciliation of Economic Net Income to Income (Loss) Before Provision for Taxes as reported in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Income consists of the following: |
Three Months Ended September 30, 2007 |
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2007 |
|||||||
Economic Net Income |
$ | 299,158 | $ | 2,290,777 | ||||
Adjustments |
||||||||
Amortization of Intangibles |
(55,204 | ) | (62,404 | ) | ||||
Transaction Related Charges |
(747,406 | ) | (983,634 | ) | ||||
Decrease in Loss Associated with Non-Controlling |
||||||||
Interests in Income of Consolidated Entities Primarily Relating to the Blackstone Holdings Partnership Units Held by Blackstone Holdings Limited Partners |
396,103 | 565,900 | ||||||
Total Adjustments |
(406,507 | ) | (480,138 | ) | ||||
Income (Loss) Before Provision for Taxes |
$ | (107,349 | ) | $ | 1,810,639 | |||
34
ITEM 2. | MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS |
The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with The Blackstone Group L.P.s condensed consolidated and combined financial statements and the related notes included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
Our Business
Blackstone is one of the largest independent alternative asset managers in the world. We also provide a wide range of financial advisory services, including corporate and mergers and acquisitions advisory, restructuring and reorganization advisory and fund placement services.
Our business is organized into four business segments:
| Corporate Private Equity. We are a world leader in private equity investing, having managed five general private equity funds, as well as one specialized fund focusing on media and communications-related investments, since we established this business in 1987. In addition, we are in the process of raising our sixth general private equity fund and we are launching new separate vehicles to make infrastructure and clean technology investments. Through our corporate private equity funds we pursue transactions throughout the world, including leveraged buyout acquisitions of seasoned companies, transactions involving start-up businesses in established industries, turnarounds, minority investments, corporate partnerships and industry consolidations. |
| Real Estate. Our real estate segment is diversified geographically and across a variety of sectors. We launched our first real estate fund in 1994 and have managed six general real estate funds, two internationally focused real estate funds and a European focused real estate fund. Our real estate funds have made significant investments in lodging, major urban office buildings, distribution and warehousing centers and a variety of real estate operating companies. In addition, our real estate special situations fund targets global non-controlling debt and equity investment opportunities in the public and private markets. |
| Marketable Alternative Asset Management. Established in 1990, our marketable alternative asset management segment is comprised of our management of funds of hedge funds, debt funds and collateralized loan obligation (CLO) vehicles, proprietary hedge funds and publicly-traded closed-end mutual funds. These products are intended to provide investors with greater levels of current income and for certain products, a greater level of liquidity. |
| Financial Advisory. Our financial advisory segment serves a diverse and global group of clients with corporate and mergers and acquisitions advisory services, restructuring and reorganization advisory services and fund placement services for alternative investment funds. |
Blackstone Funds, our funds and our investment funds refer to the corporate private equity funds, real estate funds, funds of hedge funds, debt funds, CLOs, proprietary hedge funds and closed-end mutual funds that are managed by Blackstone. Our carry funds refer to the corporate private equity funds, real estate funds and debt funds that are managed by Blackstone. Our hedge funds refer to the funds of hedge funds and proprietary hedge funds that are managed by Blackstone.
Business Environment
The world financial markets experienced unprecedented volatility and declines across asset classes in the third quarter of 2008. Credit fears served to substantially stall the vital lending markets, including the inter-bank lending market. The lack of lending between financial institutions and to corporations left many companies, both healthy and unhealthy, unable to borrow. Global economic growth has slowed in both developed and emerging nations and in many regions is now entering a recession. Commodity pricing has declined.
35
Substantial value has been lost across investment asset classes. During the third quarter, the S&P 500 declined 8.9%, the European equity index declined 21.0% and the Asian Index declined 20.7%. These declines accelerated in October, with the S&P 500 for example declining by an additional 16.9% that month. Credit spreads widened by 140 basis points during the quarter. High yield and high grade bond indices declined during the quarter, yielding 13.1% and 6.8% (for bonds rated BBB), respectively. Slowing global economic growth has led to the decline of commodities pricing. During the third quarter, oil declined to $101 per barrel from $140 and dropped further to $68 by the end of October. The U.S. dollar rose against each of the Euro and Pound Sterling by 11.8% and 11.9%, respectively.
Investors reacted to weakening markets by significantly reducing equity and fixed income holdings. As a consequence, many equity and fixed income mutual funds and hedge funds experienced substantial redemptions and a reduction in value. Declining market prices also forced many leveraged investors to sell assets to meet margin requirements and reduce leverage ratios regardless of market prices.
As a result of economic weakness and limited liquidity, real estate markets in the U.S. and Europe generally experienced increases in capitalization rates and declines in value. Vacancy levels in numerous office markets increased and revenue per average room in the hotel markets declined in several regions.
Government intervention in the U.S., Europe and Asia has been swift and significant. Several U.S. and European financial institutions have required government support in the form of guarantees or capital injections. Coordinated interest rate cuts, capital injections, equity participation and a framework for securities purchases, are intended to return confidence and stability to the global financial system. Whether and when this will occur is not yet known.
The external shocks to financial services industry have, and likely will continue, to reshape the competitive landscape. Some of the largest financial institutions are no longer in existence or have been acquired. Two of the largest brokerage firms have become bank holding companies.
Lenders continue to severely restrict commitments to new debt, limiting industry-wide leveraged acquisition activity levels in both corporate and real estate markets. General acquisition activity has continued to decline, which has had an impact on several of our investment businesses.
Blackstones businesses are materially affected by conditions in the financial markets and economic conditions in the United States, Western Europe, Asia and to some extent elsewhere in the world. The duration of current economic and market conditions is unknown.
Key Financial Measures and Indicators
Our key financial measures and indicators are discussed below. See also Critical Accounting Policies below and Note 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies in the Notes to Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements in Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplemental Data in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007.
Revenues
Revenues consist of primarily management and advisory fees, performance fees and allocations and investment income and other.
Management and Advisory Fees. Management and advisory fees consist of (1) fund management fees and (2) advisory fees.
(1) | Fund Management Fees. Fund management fees are comprised of: |
(a) | Base Management Fees. Base management fees are fees charged directly to the fund or fund investors. |
36
(b) | Transaction and Other Fees. Transaction and other fees (including monitoring fees) are comprised of fees charged directly to funds and fund portfolio companies. Our investment advisory agreements generally require that the investment advisor share a portion of certain fees with the limited partners of the fund. Transaction and Other Fees are net of amounts, if any, shared with limited partners. |
(c) | Management Fee Offsets. Our investment advisory agreements generally require that the investment advisor share a portion of certain expenses with the limited partners of the fund. These shared items (management fee reductions) reduce the management fees received from the limited partners. Management fee offsets are comprised principally of broken deal and placement fee expenses. |
(2) | Advisory Fees. Advisory fees consist of advisory retainer and transaction-based fee arrangements related to mergers, acquisitions, restructurings, divestitures and fund placement services for alternative investment funds. |
Performance Fees and Allocations. Performance fees and allocations represent the preferential allocations of profits (carried interest) which are a component of our general partner interests in the carry funds. We are entitled to carried interest from an investment carry fund in the event investors in the fund achieve cumulative investment returns in excess of a specified rate. In certain performance fee arrangements related to funds of hedge funds and hedge funds in our Marketable Alternative Asset Management segment, we are entitled to receive performance fees and allocations when the return on assets under management exceeds certain benchmark returns or other performance targets. In all cases, each fund is considered separately in that regard and for a given fund, performance fees and allocations can never be negative over the life of the fund.
Investment Income. Blackstone invests in corporate private equity funds, real estate funds, debt funds, funds of hedge funds and hedge funds that are not consolidated. The Partnership accounts for these investments under the equity method of accounting. Blackstones share of operating income generated by these investments is recorded as a component of Investment Income and Other.
Expenses
Compensation and Benefits Expense. Prior to the IPO in June 2007, our compensation and benefits expense reflected compensation (primarily salary and bonus) paid or accrued solely to our non-senior managing director employees with all payments for services rendered by our senior managing directors and selected other individuals engaged in our businesses accounted for as partnership distributions rather than as employee compensation and benefits expense. Subsequent to our IPO, compensation and benefits expense reflects (1) employee compensation and benefits expense paid and payable to our employees, including our senior managing directors, (2) equity-based compensation associated with grants of equity-based awards to senior managing directors, other employees and selected other individuals engaged in our businesses and (3) profit sharing-based compensation payments for Blackstone personnel and profit sharing interests in carried interest.
Other Operating Expenses. The balance of our expenses represent general and administrative expenses including interest expense, occupancy and equipment expenses and other expenses, which consist principally of professional fees, public company costs, travel and related expenses, communications and information services and depreciation and amortization.
Fund Expenses. The expenses of our consolidated Blackstone Funds consist primarily of interest expense, professional fees and other third-party expenses.
Non-Controlling Interests in Income of Consolidated Entities
Prior to the IPO, non-controlling interests in income of consolidated entities has primarily consisted of interests of unaffiliated third-party investors and AIGs investments in Blackstone Funds pursuant to AIGs mandated limited partner capital commitments, on which we receive carried interest allocations and which we
37
refer to collectively as Limited Partners or LPs as well as discretionary investments by Blackstone personnel and employees. Non-controlling interests related to carry funds are subject to on-going realizations and distributions of proceeds therefrom during the life of a fund with a final distribution at the end of each respective funds term, which could occur under certain circumstances in advance of or subsequent to that funds scheduled termination date. Non-controlling interests related to our funds of hedge funds and hedge funds are generally subject to annual, semi-annual or quarterly withdrawal or redemption by investors in our hedge funds following the expiration of a specified period of time (typically between one and three years) when capital may not be withdrawn or may only be withdrawn subject to a redemption fee. When redeemed amounts become legally payable to investors in our funds of hedge funds and hedge funds on a current basis, they are reclassified as a liability. On the date of the Reorganization, such non-controlling interests were initially recorded at their historical carry-over basis as those interests remained outstanding and were not being exchanged for Blackstone Holdings Partnership Units.
Following the IPO, we are no longer consolidating most of our investment funds, as we granted to the unaffiliated investors the right, without cause, to remove the general partner of each applicable fund or to accelerate the liquidation of each applicable fund in accordance with certain procedures and accordingly non-controlling interests in income of consolidated entities related to the Limited Partner interests in the deconsolidated funds were subsequently no longer reflected in our financial results. However, we record significant non-controlling interests in income of consolidated entities relating to the ownership interests of the limited partners of the Blackstone Holdings Partnerships and the limited partner interests in our investment funds that remain consolidated. The Blackstone Group L.P. is, through wholly-owned subsidiaries, the sole general partner of each of the Blackstone Holdings partnerships. The Blackstone Group L.P. consolidates the financial results of Blackstone Holdings and its consolidated subsidiaries, and the ownership interest of the limited partners of Blackstone Holdings is reflected as a non-controlling interest in The Blackstone Group L.P.s condensed consolidated and combined financial statements.
Income Taxes
Prior to the IPO, we operated as a partnership or limited liability company for U.S. federal income tax purposes and primarily as a corporate entity in non-U.S. jurisdictions. As a result, our income was not subject to U.S. federal and state income taxes. Generally, the tax liability related to income earned by these entities represents obligations of the individual partners and members. Income taxes shown on The Blackstone Groups historical combined income statements are attributable to the New York City unincorporated business tax and other income taxes on certain entities located in non-U.S. jurisdictions.
Following the IPO, the Blackstone Holdings partnerships and certain of their subsidiaries continue to operate in the United States as partnerships for U.S. federal income tax purposes and generally as corporate entities in non-U.S. jurisdictions. Accordingly, these entities in some cases will continue to be subject to New York City unincorporated business taxes or non-U.S. income taxes. In addition, certain of the wholly-owned subsidiaries of The Blackstone Group L.P. and the Blackstone Holdings partnerships are subject to corporate federal, state and local income taxes that are reflected in our condensed consolidated and combined financial statements.
There remains some uncertainty regarding Blackstones future taxation levels. In June 2007, a bill was introduced in the U.S. Senate that would preclude Blackstone from qualifying for treatment as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes under the publicly traded partnership rules. In addition, other bills relating to the taxation of investment partnerships have previously been introduced in the U.S. House of Representatives. In June 2008, the House of Representatives approved a bill that would generally (1) treat carried interest as non-qualifying income under the tax rules applicable to publicly traded partnerships, which would require Blackstone to hold interests in entities earning such income through taxable subsidiary corporations, and (2) tax carried interest as ordinary income for U.S. federal income tax purposes, rather than in accordance with the character of income derived by the underlying fund, which is in many cases capital gain. If any such proposed legislation were to be enacted and it applied to us, it would materially increase the amount of taxes payable by Blackstone and/or its unitholders.
38
Economic Net Income
Economic Net Income (ENI) represents segment net income excluding the impact of income taxes and transaction related items, including charges associated with equity-based compensation, the amortization of intangibles and corporate actions including acquisitions. Blackstones historical combined financial statements for periods prior to the IPO do not include these transaction related charges nor do such financial statements reflect certain compensation expenses including profit-sharing arrangements associated with senior managing directors, departed partners and other selected employees. Those compensation expenses were accounted for as partnership distributions prior to the IPO but are included in the financial statements for periods following the IPO as a component of compensation and benefits expense. ENI is used by management primarily in making resource deployment and compensation decisions across Blackstones four segments. (See Note 11. Segment Reporting in the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements in Part I. Financial Information, Item 1. Financial Statements of this filing.)
Operating Metrics
The alternative asset management business is a complex business that is primarily based on managing third party capital and does not require substantial capital investment to support rapid growth. However, there also can be volatility associated with its earnings and cash flow. Since our inception, we have developed and used various key operating metrics to assess and monitor the operating performance of our various alternative asset management businesses in order to monitor the effectiveness of our value creating strategies.
Assets Under Management. Assets under management refers to the assets we manage. Our assets under management equal the sum of:
(1) | the fair value of the investments held by our carry funds plus the capital that we are entitled to call from investors in those funds pursuant to the terms of their capital commitments to those funds (plus the fair value of co-investments arranged by us that were made by limited partners of our funds in portfolio companies of such funds and as to which we receive fees or a carried interest allocation); |
(2) | the net asset value of our funds of hedge funds, proprietary hedge funds and closed-end mutual funds; and |
(3) | the amount of capital raised for our CLOs. |
Our calculation of assets under management may differ from the calculations of other asset managers, and as a result this measure may not be comparable to similar measures presented by other asset managers. In addition, our calculation of assets under management includes commitments to and the fair value of invested capital in our funds from Blackstone and our personnel regardless of whether such commitments or invested capital is subject to fees. Our definition of assets under management is not based on any definition of assets under management that is set forth in the agreements governing the investment funds that we manage.
As a result of raising new funds with sizeable capital commitments, increases in the net asset values of our funds and their retained profits and our acquisition of GSO, our assets under management have increased significantly over the periods presented.
Limited Partner Capital Invested. Limited Partner capital invested represents the amount of Limited Partner capital commitments which were invested by our carry funds during each period presented, plus the capital invested through co-investments arranged by us that were made by limited partners in investments of our carry funds as to which we receive fees or a carried interest allocation. Over the 20-year period ending December 31, 2007, we earned average gross multiples of invested capital for realized and partially realized investments of 2.6x and 2.5x in our corporate private equity and real estate funds, respectively.
We manage our business using traditional financial measures and our key operating metrics since we believe that these metrics measure the productivity of our investment activities.
39
Condensed Consolidated and Combined Results of Operations
Following is a discussion of our condensed consolidated and combined results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007. For a more detailed discussion of the operating results of our four business segments (which are presented on a basis that deconsolidates the investment funds we manage) in these periods, see Segment Analysis below.
The following table sets forth information regarding our condensed consolidated and combined results of operations and certain key operating metrics for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007.
Three Months Ended September 30, |
2008 vs. 2007 | Nine Months Ended September 30, |
2008 vs. 2007 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | $ | % | 2008 | 2007 | $ | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in Thousands) | (Dollars in Thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenues |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Management and Advisory Fees |
$ | 447,373 | $ | 329,445 | $ | 117,928 | 36 | % | $ | 1,094,941 | $ | 1,118,541 | $ | (23,600 | ) | (2 | )% | ||||||||||||
Performance Fees and Allocations |
(416,076 | ) | 149,934 | (566,010 | ) | N/M | (618,485 | ) | 1,266,181 | (1,884,666 | ) | N/M | |||||||||||||||||
Investment Income (Loss) and Other |
(191,551 | ) | 47,307 | (238,858 | ) | N/M | (214,535 | ) | 320,460 | (534,995 | ) | N/M | |||||||||||||||||
Total Revenues |
(160,254 | ) | 526,686 | (686,940 | ) | N/M | 261,921 | 2,705,182 | (2,443,261 | ) | (90 | )% | |||||||||||||||||
Expenses |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Compensation and Benefits |
991,521 | 929,721 | 61,800 | 7 | % | 2,997,476 | 1,354,472 | 1,643,004 | 121 | % | |||||||||||||||||||
Interest |
5,893 | 2,258 | 3,635 | 161 | % | 14,326 | 28,560 | (14,234 | ) | (50 | )% | ||||||||||||||||||
General, Administrative and Other |
121,842 | 111,814 | 10,028 | 9 | % | 324,580 | 190,633 | 133,947 | 70 | % | |||||||||||||||||||
Fund Expenses |
13,442 | 7,202 | 6,240 | 87 | % | 58,187 | 126,448 | (68,261 | ) | (54 | )% | ||||||||||||||||||
Total Expenses |
1,132,698 | 1,050,995 | 81,703 | 8 | % | 3,394,569 | 1,700,113 | 1,694,456 | 100 | % | |||||||||||||||||||
Other Income (Loss) |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net Gains (Losses) from Fund Investment Activities |
(550,755 | ) | 9,884 | (560,639 | ) | N/M | (576,713 | ) | 5,406,709 | (5,983,422 | ) | N/M | |||||||||||||||||
Income (Loss) Before Non-Controlling Interests in Income (Loss) of Consolidated Entities and Provision (Benefit) for Taxes |
(1,843,707 | ) | (514,425 | ) | (1,329,282 | ) | 258 | % | (3,709,361 | ) | 6,411,778 | (10,121,139 | ) | N/M | |||||||||||||||
Non-Controlling Interests in Income (Loss) of Consolidated Entities |
(1,478,208 | ) | (407,076 | ) | (1,071,132 | ) | 263 | % | (2,911,634 | ) | 4,601,139 | (7,512,773 | ) | N/M | |||||||||||||||
Income (Loss) Before Provision (Benefit) for Taxes |
(365,499 | ) | (107,349 | ) | (258,150 | ) | 240 | % | (797,727 | ) | 1,810,639 | (2,608,366 | ) | N/M | |||||||||||||||
Provision (Benefit) for Taxes |
(25,168 | ) | 5,841 | (31,009 | ) | N/M | (49,872 | ) | 17,402 | (67,274 | ) | N/M | |||||||||||||||||
Net Income (Loss) |
$ | (340,331 | ) | $ | (113,190 | ) | $ | (227,141 | ) | 201 | % | $ | (747,855 | ) | $ | 1,793,237 | $ | (2,541,092 | ) | N/M | |||||||||
Assets Under Management (at Period End) |
$ | 116,279,226 | $ | 98,200,511 | $ | 18,078,715 | 18 | % | $ | 116,279,226 | $ | 98,200,511 | $ | 18,078,715 | 18 | % | |||||||||||||
Capital Deployed: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Limited Partner Capital Invested |
$ | 2,299,804 | $ | 2,704,481 | $ | (404,677 | ) | (15 | )% | $ | 4,823,112 | $ | 8,312,757 | $ | (3,489,645 | ) | (42 | )% | |||||||||||
40
Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2008 Compared to Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2007
Revenues
Management and Advisory Fees were $447.4 million for the third quarter of 2008, an increase of $117.9 million, or 36%, from the third quarter of 2007. The change was principally driven by an $18.08 billion, or 18%, increase in Assets Under Management and by increased revenues in all three businesses in our financial advisory services segment.
Performance Fees and Allocations were $(416.1) million for the third quarter of 2008, a decrease of $566.0 million from the third quarter of 2007. The change was due to a net decrease in the fair value of the underlying portfolio assets of our funds compared to a net appreciation during the third quarter of 2007. The net reduction in the fair value of the underlying portfolio assets was caused by a decrease in the unrealized value of certain assets in our real estate and corporate private equity funds and certain debt funds. An increase in capitalization rates, lower operating projections for some portfolio companies to reflect a softening economy, adverse fluctuations in foreign exchange rates and a reduction in share prices of various publicly held investments consistent with the general declines in the global equity markets were the catalysts for the reduction in the unrealized value of the assets.
Investment Income (Loss) and Other was $(191.6) million for the third quarter of 2008, a decrease of $238.9 million from the third quarter of 2007. The change was primarily attributable to a decrease in the fair value of Blackstones investments in our funds of hedge funds and proprietary hedge funds, consistent with overall declines in the global equity and debt markets. In addition, our investments in our real estate, corporate private equity and certain debt funds decreased in value due to net depreciation in the underlying portfolio assets.
Management and Advisory Fees were $1.09 billion for the nine months ended September 30, 2008, a decrease of $23.6 million, or 2%, as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2007. A decrease in transaction fees which reflects a decrease in the size and volume of consummated transactions was offset by an increase in base management fees as a result of an $18.08 billion increase in Assets Under Management and an increase in fees generated by our restructuring and reorganization advisory services business.
Performance Fees and Allocations were $(618.5) million for the nine months ended September 30, 2008, a decrease of $1.88 billion as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2007. The change was due to a net reduction in the fair value of the underlying portfolio assets of our funds compared to a net appreciation during the nine months ended September 30, 2007. The net reduction in the fair value of the underlying portfolio assets was caused by a reduction in the unrealized value of certain assets in our real estate and corporate private equity funds. The reduction in the unrealized value of these assets was due primarily to an increase in capitalization rates, lower operating projections for some portfolio companies, and a reduction in share prices of various publicly held investments consistent with the general declines in the global equity markets.
Investment Income (Loss) and Other was $(214.5) million for the nine months ended September 30, 2008, a decrease of $535.0 million as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2007. The change was primarily attributable to a decrease in the fair value of our investments in our funds of hedge funds and proprietary hedge funds, consistent with overall declines in the global equity and debt markets. In addition, our investments in our real estate, corporate private equity and certain debt funds decreased due to net depreciation in the fair value of underlying portfolio assets.
Expenses
Expenses were $1.13 billion for the third quarter of 2008, an increase of $81.7 million, or 8%, from the third quarter of 2007. The change reflected higher Compensation and Benefits of $61.8 million, principally resulting from incremental amortization of equity-based compensation of $28.0 million. Additionally, our acquisition of GSO accounted for $24.9 million of the overall increase.
Expenses were $3.40 billion for the nine months ended September 30, 2008, an increase of $1.69 billion as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2007. The change reflected higher Compensation and Benefits
41
of $1.64 billion, principally resulting from the incremental amortization of equity-based compensation of $1.51 billion as well as compensation including profit sharing arrangements associated with our senior managing directors and other selected employees which were accounted for as partnership distributions prior to our IPO. The net addition of personnel to support the growth of each of our business segments, including expansion into Asia and our expanding hedge fund businesses, also contributed to the increase in Compensation and Benefits. These increases were partially offset by a reduction in compensation costs of $129.5 million resulting from the reversal of prior period carried interest allocations to certain personnel due to a net reduction in the fair value of underlying funds investments.
General, Administrative and Other increased $133.9 million compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2007, primarily due to $51.3 million of incremental amortization expense associated with our intangible assets related to our IPO, acquisition of GSO and an increase of fees due to the costs of being a public company. Our expenses are primarily driven by levels of business activity, revenue growth and headcount expansion.
Other Income (Loss)
Other Income (Loss) was $(550.8) million for the third quarter of 2008, a decrease of $560.6 million from the third quarter of 2007. The change was due to declines in the investment performance of certain of our proprietary hedge funds, corporate debt funds and funds of hedge funds. These losses arose at the Blackstone Funds level, of which $(489.0) million and $(11.0) million were allocated to non-controlling interest holders for the third quarter ended September 30, 2008 and September 30, 2007, respectively.
Other Income (Loss) was $(576.7) million for the nine months ended September 30, 2008, a decrease of $5.98 billion as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2007. The change was due to the deconsolidation of certain of our funds in our Corporate Private Equity, Real Estate and Marketable Alternative Asset Management segments at the IPO date. These losses arose at the Blackstone Funds level, of which $(544.1) million of losses and $5.17 billion of gains were allocated to non-controlling interest holders for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 and September 30, 2007, respectively.
Assets Under Management
Assets Under Management were $116.28 billion at September 30, 2008, an increase of $18.08 billion or 18% since September 30, 2007. The increase was principally due to the addition of $15.04 billion from our acquisition of GSO, $4.85 billion from our funds of hedge funds and $6.45 billion of capital raised primarily in our European focused real estate fund and our sixth global real estate fund. These increases were partially offset by a decrease in our corporate private equity funds due to $3.95 billion of realizations and changes in unrealized values.
Capital Deployed
Limited Partner Capital Invested was $2.30 billion for the third quarter of 2008, a decrease of $404.7 million, or 15%, from the third quarter of 2007. The change reflects a decrease in size and volume of investment activity in the third quarter of 2008 as a result of the current market conditions discussed above in Business Environment.
Limited Partner Capital Invested was $4.82 billion for the nine months ended September 30, 2008, a decrease of $3.49 billion, or 42%, as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2007. The change reflects a decrease in the size and volume of consummated transactions, compared to the prior year period that most notably reflected our funds investment of $3.27 billion to acquire Equity Office Properties Trust in February 2007.
42
Segment Analysis
Discussed below is our ENI for each of our reportable segments. This information is reflected in the manner utilized by our senior management to make operating decisions, assess performance and allocate resources. References to our sectors or investments may also refer to portfolio companies and investments of the underlying funds that we manage.
For segment reporting purposes, revenues and expenses are presented on a basis that deconsolidates the investment funds we manage. As a result, segment revenues are greater than those presented on a consolidated and combined GAAP basis because fund management fees recognized in certain segments are received from the Blackstone Funds and eliminated in consolidation when presented on a consolidated and combined GAAP basis. Furthermore, segment expenses are lower than related amounts presented on a consolidated and combined GAAP basis due to the exclusion of fund expenses that are paid by Limited Partners and the elimination of non-controlling interests.
Corporate Private Equity
The following table presents our results of operations for our Corporate Private Equity segment:
Three Months Ended September 30, |
2008 vs. 2007 | Nine Months Ended September 30, |
2008 vs. 2007 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | $ | % | 2008 | 2007 | $ | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in Thousands) | (Dollars in Thousands) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Segment Revenues |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Management Fees |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Base Management Fees |
$ | 67,009 | $ | 66,389 | $ | 620 | 1 | % | $ | 201,312 | $ | 188,108 | $ | 13,204 | 7 | % | ||||||||||||||
Transaction and Other Fees |
26,090 | 48,711 | (22,621 | ) | (46 | )% | 56,088 | 113,883 | (57,795 | ) | (51 | )% | ||||||||||||||||||
Management Fee Offsets |
(9,330 | ) | (20,892 | ) | 11,562 | (55 | )% | (32,972 | ) | (41,757 | ) | 8,785 | (21 | )% | ||||||||||||||||
Total Management Fees |
83,769 | 94,208 | (10,439 | ) | (11 | )% | 224,428 | 260,234 | (35,806 | ) | (14 | )% | ||||||||||||||||||
Performance Fees and Allocations |
(104,653 | ) | 108,398 | (213,051 | ) | N/M | (246,123 | ) | 503,286 | (749,409 | ) | N/M | ||||||||||||||||||
Investment Income (Loss) and Other |
(47,454 | ) | 24,685 | (72,139 | ) | N/M | (70,912 | ) | 117,194 | (188,106 | ) | N/M | ||||||||||||||||||
Total Revenues |
(68,338 | ) | 227,291 | (295,629 | ) | N/M | (92,607 | ) | 880,714 | (973,321 | ) | N/M | ||||||||||||||||||
Expenses |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Compensation and Benefits |
34,192 | 56,319 | (22,127 | ) | (39 | )% | (6,277 | ) | 98,200 | (104,477 | ) | N/M | ||||||||||||||||||
Other Operating Expenses |
23,957 | 22,798 | 1,159 | 5 | % | 67,037 | 54,869 | 12,168 | 22 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
Total Expenses |
58,149 | 79,117 | (20,968 | ) | (27 | )% | 60,760 | 153,069 | (92,309 | ) | (60 | )% | ||||||||||||||||||
Economic Net Income (Loss) |
$ | (126,487 | ) | $ | 148,174 | $ | (274,661 | ) | N/M | $ | (153,367 | ) | $ | 727,645 | $ | (881,012 | ) | N/M | ||||||||||||
The following operating metrics are used in the management of this business segment:
Three Months Ended September 30, |
2008 vs. 2007 | Nine Months Ended September 30, |
2008 vs. 2007 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | $ | % | 2008 | 2007 | $ | % | |||||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in Thousands) | (Dollars in Thousands) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Assets Under Management (at Period End) |
$ | 28,390,384 | $ | 32,658,873 | $ | (4,268,489 | ) | (13 | )% | $ | 28,390,384 | $ | 32,658,873 | $ | (4,268,489 | ) | (13 | )% | ||||||||
Capital Deployed: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Limited Partner Capital Invested |
$ | 1,511,065 | $ | 2,337,466 | $ | (826,401 | ) | (35 | )% | $ | 2,627,128 | $ | 3,997,670 | $ | (1,370,542 | ) | (34 | )% | ||||||||
43
Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2008 Compared to Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2007
Revenues
Revenues were $(68.3) million for the third quarter of 2008, a decrease of $295.6 million from the third quarter of 2007. The principal cause of the change year over year was a reduction in Performance Fees and Allocations driven by a decrease in the net unrealized value of the portfolio holdings of the corporate private equity funds which resulted from lower operating projections for some portfolio companies, the reduction in share prices of publicly held investments consistent with overall declines in global equity markets and the rising dollar against other currencies. The decrease in Performance Fees and Allocations and Investment Income (Loss) and Other was due to a net depreciation in the fair value of underlying portfolio assets compared with a net appreciation in the third quarter of 2007. The net value of the segments underlying portfolio decreased by approximately 8% in the third quarter of 2008 compared with an increase of approximately 5% in the third quarter of 2007. The decrease in Transaction and Other Fees of $22.6 million was driven by a reduction in the number and size of closed transactions.
Revenues were $(92.6) million for the nine months ended September 30, 2008, a decrease of $973.3 million as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2007. Most of this segments negative Performance Fees and Allocations and Investment Income (Loss) and Other was driven by a reduction in the fair value of certain portfolio investments resulting from lower operating projections for some portfolio companies, reduced share prices of publicly held investments consistent with overall declines in global equity markets and the rising dollar against other currencies. Overall, the net value of the segments underlying portfolio decreased by approximately 13% in the first nine months of 2008, compared to an increase in net value of approximately 20% in the first nine months of 2007. The $57.8 million decrease in Transaction Fees and Other was the result of a reduction in the number and size of closed transactions. Base Management Fees increased $13.2 million due to the impact of a full nine months of $4.68 billion of additional capital raised for our fifth general corporate private equity fund from January 1, 2007 through September 30, 2007.
Expenses
Expenses were $58.1 million for the third quarter of 2008, a decrease of $21.0 million, or 27%, from the third quarter of 2007. The decrease in Compensation and Benefits of $22.1 million was principally due to the reversal of prior period carried interest allocations to certain personnel of approximately $5.5 million as compared with a positive accrual of $10.4 million of such costs in the prior year.
Expenses were $60.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2008, a decrease of $92.3 million, or 60%, as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2007. The decrease in Compensation and Benefits of $104.5 million resulted principally from the reversal of prior period carried interest allocations to certain personnel of $107.1 million primarily due to the decrease in carrying value of certain fund investments. This was partially offset by the impact of profit sharing arrangements associated with our senior managing directors and other selected employees which were accounted for as partnership distributions prior to our IPO. Other Operating Expenses increased $12.2 million principally due to a $8.3 million increase in professional fees primarily related to the costs of being a public company.
Assets Under Management
Assets Under Management were $28.39 billion at September 30, 2008, a decrease of $4.27 billion, or 13%, compared with Assets Under Management at September 30, 2007. The decrease was primarily due to realizations and changes in unrealized value of $3.95 billion.
44
Capital Deployed
Limited Partner Capital Invested in private equity transactions was $1.51 billion for the third quarter of 2008, a decrease of $826.4 million, or 35%, from the third quarter of 2007. This decrease reflects a reduction in the number and size of investments closed during the third quarter of 2008 as a result of the current market conditions discussed in Business Environment.
Limited Partner Capital Invested was $2.63 billion for the nine months ended September 30, 2008, a decrease of $1.37 billion, or 34%, as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2007. This decrease reflects a reduction in the number and size of investments closed during 2008.
Real Estate
The following table presents our results of operations for our Real Estate segment:
Three Months Ended September 30, |
2008 vs. 2007 | Nine Months Ended September 30, |
2008 vs. 2007 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | $ | % | 2008 | 2007 | $ | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in Thousands) | (Dollars in Thousands) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Segment Revenues |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Management Fees |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Base Management Fees |
$ | 80,361 | $ | 70,618 | $ | 9,743 | 14 | % | $ | 215,089 | $ | 168,251 | $ | 46,838 | 28 | % | ||||||||||||||
Transaction and Other Fees |
7,050 | 14,886 | (7,836 | ) | (53 | )% | 25,699 | 243,778 | (218,079 | ) | (89 | )% | ||||||||||||||||||
Management Fee Offsets |
(1,435 | ) | (9,281 | ) | 7,846 | (85 | )% | (2,165 | ) | (9,972 | ) | 7,807 | (78 | )% | ||||||||||||||||
Total Management Fees |
85,976 | 76,223 | 9,753 | 13 | % | 238,623 | 402,057 | (163,434 | ) | (41 | )% | |||||||||||||||||||
Performance Fees and Allocations |
(302,448 | ) | 28,479 | (330,927 | ) | N/M | (409,643 | ) | 662,263 | (1,071,906 | ) | N/M | ||||||||||||||||||
Investment Income (Loss) and Other |
(57,180 | ) | 4,398 | (61,578 | ) | N/M | (69,144 | ) | 151,722 | (220,866 | ) | N/M | ||||||||||||||||||
Total Revenues |
(273,652 | ) | 109,100 | (382,752 | ) | N/M | (240,164 | ) | 1,216,042 | (1,456,206 | ) | N/M | ||||||||||||||||||
Expenses |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Compensation and Benefits |
21,102 | 39,325 | (18,223 | ) | (46 | )% | 88,873 | 79,729 | 9,144 | 11 | % | |||||||||||||||||||
Other Operating Expenses |
14,807 | 12,639 | 2,168 | 17 | % | 43,548 | 27,252 | 16,296 | 60 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
Total Expenses |
35,909 | 51,964 | (16,055 | ) | (31 | )% | 132,421 | 106,981 | 25,440 | 24 | % | |||||||||||||||||||
Economic Net Income (Loss) |
$ | (309,561 | ) | $ | 57,136 | $ | (366,697 | ) | N/M | $ | (372,585 | ) | $ | 1,109,061 | $ | (1,481,646 | ) | N/M | ||||||||||||
The following operating metrics are used in the management of this business segment:
Three Months Ended September 30, |
2008 vs. 2007 | Nine Months Ended September 30, |
2008 vs. 2007 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | $ | % | 2008 | 2007 | $ | % | |||||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in Thousands) | (Dollars in Thousands) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Assets Under Management (at Period End) |
$ | 28,738,307 | $ | 25,025,741 | $ | 3,712,566 | 15 | % | $ | 28,738,307 | $ | 25,025,741 | $ | 3,712,566 | 15 | % | ||||||||||
Capital Deployed: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Limited Partner Capital Invested |
$ | 131,129 | $ | 269,846 | $ | (138,717 | ) | (51 | )% | $ | 710,110 | $ | 4,129,077 | $ | (3,418,967 | ) | (83 | )% | ||||||||
45
Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2008 Compared to Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2007
Revenues
Revenues were $(273.7) million for the third quarter of 2008, a decrease of $382.8 million from the third quarter of 2007. The decreases in Performance Fees and Allocations and Investment Income (Loss) and Other were due to a net depreciation in the fair value of underlying portfolio assets of approximately 10% compared with net appreciation of approximately 3% in the third quarter of 2007. The net decline in the fair value of the portfolio assets in the third quarter of 2008 was primarily the result of a decrease in the unrealized value of certain assets in our office and hospitality portfolios due to an increase in capitalization rates and lower operating projections. The net increase in carrying values in the third quarter of 2007 was primarily due to improved performance of certain assets in our European and office portfolios. Base Management Fees increased by $9.7 million primarily as a result of $6.45 billion of additional capital raised since September 30, 2007 primarily for our European focused real estate fund and our sixth global real estate fund. The increase in Base Management Fees was offset by a decrease in Transaction Fees and Other of $7.8 million due to the reduction in the size and number of closed transactions that generated fees during the quarter.
Revenues were $(240.2) million for the nine months ended September 30, 2008, a decrease of $1.46 billion as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2007. Performance Fees and Allocations and Investment Income (Loss) and Other decreased from high levels in the comparable 2007 period due principally to a net depreciation in the fair value of underlying portfolio assets of 12% for the nine months ended September 30, 2008, as compared with net appreciation in the underlying portfolio assets of 41% for the nine months ended September 30, 2007. For the nine months ended September 30, 2008, this decline was primarily the result of a decrease in the unrealized value of certain assets in our office and hospitality portfolios as a result of both increases in capitalization rates and revised operating projections. For the nine months ended September 30, 2007, the net appreciation was driven by accretive sales within our office and limited service hospitality portfolio. Transaction Fees and Other decreased $218.1 million as the first nine months of 2007 included a substantial transaction fee earned from our funds acquisition of Equity Office Properties Trust in February 2007. The decrease in Transaction Fees and Other was partially offset by an increase in Base Management Fees of $46.8 million primarily due to $6.45 billion of additional capital raised since September 30, 2007 primarily for our European focused real estate fund and our sixth global real estate fund, as well as a full nine months of management fees from our sixth global real estate fund which commenced in February 2007.
Expenses
Expenses were $35.9 million for the third quarter of 2008, a decrease of $16.1 million, or 31%, from the third quarter of 2007. The decrease in Compensation and Benefits of $18.2 million was principally related to the reversal of prior period carried interest allocations to certain personnel of $18.7 million due principally to the net decline in the fair value of our underlying portfolio assets.
Expenses were $132.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2008, an increase of $25.4 million, or 24%, as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2007. Compensation and Benefits increased $9.1 million, principally due to the impact of compensation, including profit sharing arrangements, associated with our senior managing directors and other selected employees which were accounted for as partnership distributions prior to our IPO, partially offset by the reversal of prior period carried interest allocations to certain personnel of $25.1 million. Other Operating Expenses increased $16.3 million, primarily driven by an increase in professional fees of $13.8 million due to the costs of being a public company.
Assets Under Management
Assets Under Management were $28.74 billion at September 30, 2008, an increase of $3.71 billion, or 15%, compared with Assets Under Management at September 30, 2007. The change was primarily due to $6.45 billion of additional capital raised, primarily in our European focused real estate fund and our sixth global real estate fund, since September 30, 2007 partially offset by net depreciation in the underlying portfolio assets.
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Capital Deployed
Limited Partner Capital Invested was $131.1 million for the third quarter of 2008, a decrease of $138.7 million, or 51%, from the third quarter of 2007. This decrease reflects a lower volume of closed transactions as a result of the current market conditions discussed in Business Environment.
Limited Partner Capital Invested was $710.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2008, a decrease of $3.42 billion, or 83%, as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2007. The change primarily reflects a decrease in the volume of consummated transactions, compared to the prior year period that most notably reflected $3.27 billion in limited partner capital deployed for our funds acquisition of Equity Office Properties Trust in February 2007.
Marketable Alternative Asset Management
The following table presents our results of operations for our Marketable Alternative Asset Management segment:
Three Months Ended September 30, |
2008 vs. 2007 | Nine Months Ended September 30, |
2008 vs. 2007 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | $ | % | 2008 | 2007 | $ | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in Thousands) | (Dollars in Thousands) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Segment Revenues |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Management Fees |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Base Management Fees |
$ | 131,279 | $ | 87,999 | $ | 43,280 | 49 | % | $ | 361,915 | $ | 223,509 | $ | 138,406 | 62 | % | ||||||||||||
Transaction and Other Fees |
4,270 | 1,694 | 2,576 | 152 | % | 8,282 | 4,754 | 3,528 | 74 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
Total Management Fees |
135,549 | 89,693 | 45,856 | 51 | % | 370,197 | 228,263 | 141,934 | 62 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
Performance Fees and Allocations |
(12,488 | ) | 2,522 | (15,010 | ) | N/M | 37,597 | 132,490 | (94,893 | ) | (72 | )% | ||||||||||||||||
Investment Income (Loss) and Other |
(171,033 | ) | 32,658 | (203,691 | ) | N/M | (200,531 | ) | 89,055 | (289,586 | ) | N/M | ||||||||||||||||
Total Revenues |
(47,972 | ) | 124,873 | (172,845 | ) | N/M | 207,263 | 449,808 | (242,545 | ) | (54 | )% | ||||||||||||||||
Expenses |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Compensation and Benefits |
60,268 | 34,006 | 26,262 | 77 | % | 200,703 | 104,637 | 96,066 | 92 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
Other Operating Expenses |
26,073 | 17,779 | 8,294 | 47 | % | 69,538 | 52,527 | 17,011 | 32 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
Total Expenses |
86,341 | 51,785 | 34,556 | 67 | % | 270,241 | 157,164 | 113,077 | 72 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
Economic Net Income |
$ | (134,313 | ) | $ | 73,088 | $ | (207,401 | ) | N/M | $ | (62,978 | ) | $ | 292,644 | $ | (355,622 | ) | N/M | ||||||||||
The following operating metrics are used in the management of this business segment:
Three Months Ended September 30, |
2008 vs. 2007 | Nine Months Ended September 30, |
2008 vs. 2007 | |||||||||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | $ | % | 2008 | 2007 | $ | % | |||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in Thousands) | (Dollars in Thousands) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Assets Under Management |
$ | 59,150,535 | $ | 40,515,897 | $ | 18,634,638 | 46 | % | $ | 59,150,535 | $ | 40,515,897 | $ | 18,634,638 | 46 | % | ||||||||
Capital Deployed: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Limited Partner Capital Invested |
$ | 657,610 | $ | 97,169 | $ | 560,441 | 577 | % | $ | 1,485,874 | $ | 186,010 | $ | 1,299,864 | 699 | % | ||||||||
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Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2008 Compared to Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2007
Revenues
Revenues were $(48.0) million for the third quarter of 2008, a decrease of $172.8 million from the third quarter of 2007. Base Management Fees increased $43.3 million, or 49%, (including $35.1 million related to GSO) primarily due to an increase of $18.63 billion, or 46%, in Assets Under Management including the impact of the GSO acquisition. The decrease in Performance Fees and Allocations and Investment Income (Loss) and Other was due to a net depreciation in the fair value of underlying portfolio assets compared with a net appreciation in the third quarter of 2007. The net value of the segments underlying portfolio decreased by approximately 9% in the third quarter of 2008 compared with an increase of approximately 3% in the third quarter of 2007. The decrease in Investment Income (Loss) and Other was due to declines in Blackstones investments in certain Blackstone funds of hedge funds, proprietary hedge funds and debt funds.
Revenues were $207.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2008, a decrease of $242.5 million as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2007. Base Management Fees increased $138.4 million, or 62%, (including $73.0 million related to GSO) primarily due to an increase of $18.63 billion, or 46%, in Assets Under Management. The decrease in Investment Income (Loss) and Other was due to declines in Blackstones investments in certain Blackstone funds of hedge funds, proprietary hedge funds and debt funds. The decrease in Performance Fees and Allocations was attributable to lower net appreciation of the investment portfolios principally in certain of our funds of hedge funds, proprietary hedge funds and debt funds as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2007, partially offset by the impact of the acquisition of GSO.
Expenses
Expenses were $86.3 million for the third quarter of 2008, an increase of $34.6 million from the third quarter of 2007, or 67%. The acquisition of GSO was the primary driver for the increase in both Compensation and Benefits of $26.3 million and Other Operating Expenses of $8.3 million.
Expenses were $270.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2008, an increase of $113.1 million, or 72%, as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2007. The increase in Compensation and Benefits of $96.1 million was principally related to the acquisition of GSO which contributed $58.8 million of the overall increase. Additionally, compensation including profit sharing arrangements associated with our senior managing directors and other selected employees which were accounted for as partnership distributions prior to our IPO were a factor in the increase. To a lesser extent, headcount additions required to support our increased investment activity, due to expansion into Asia and the launch of new funds, also contributed to the increase in Compensation and Benefits. Other Operating Expenses increased $17.0 million, primarily due to the acquisition of GSO, partially offset by a decrease in interest expense as a result of decreased investment activity.
Assets Under Management
Assets Under Management were $59.15 billion at September 30, 2008, a net increase of $18.63 billion, or 46%. The increase was primarily due to the acquisition of GSO which contributed $15.04 billion of the overall increase, as well as significant inflows from our globally diverse investor base in our funds of hedge funds which experienced a $4.85 billion increase from September 30, 2007. Additionally, the commencement of additional debt funds in January 2008 contributed $1.22 billion to our Assets Under Management. As of October 31, 2008, we had received redemption notices from third party investors effective December 31, 2008 for $4.15 billion.
Capital Deployed
Limited Partner Capital Invested was $657.6 million for the third quarter of 2008, an increase of $560.4 million. This increase principally reflects investments made by our recently launched debt funds.
Limited Partner Capital Invested was $1.49 billion for the nine months ended September 30, 2008, an increase of $1.30 billion. This increase principally reflects investments made by our recently launched debt funds.
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Financial Advisory
The following table presents our results of operations for our Financial Advisory segment:
Three Months Ended September 30, |
2008 vs. 2007 | Nine Months Ended September 30, |
2008 vs. 2007 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | $ | % | 2008 | 2007 | $ | % | ||||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in Thousands) | (Dollars in Thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Segment Revenues |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Advisory Fees |
$ | 157,026 | $ | 81,911 | $ | 75,115 | 92 | % | $ | 296,669 | $ | 271,954 | $ | 24,715 | 9 | % | |||||||||
Investment Income and Other |
3,716 | 2,354 | 1,362 | 58 | % | 8,139 | 5,073 | 3,066 | 60 | % | |||||||||||||||
Total Revenues |
160,742 | 84,265 | 76,477 | 91 | % | 304,808 | 277,027 | 27,781 | 10 | % | |||||||||||||||
Expenses |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Compensation and Benefits |
82,295 | 50,020 | 32,275 | 65 | % | 177,836 | 88,273 | 89,563 | 101 | % | |||||||||||||||
Other Operating Expenses |
17,352 | 13,485 | 3,867 | 29 | % | 40,950 | 27,327 | 13,623 | 50 | % | |||||||||||||||
Total Expenses |
99,647 | 63,505 | 36,142 | 57 | % | 218,786 | 115,600 | 103,186 | 89 | % | |||||||||||||||
Economic Net Income |
$ | 61,095 | $ | 20,760 | $ | 40,335 | 194 | % | $ | 86,022 | $ | 161,427 | $ | (75,405 | ) | (47 | )% | ||||||||
Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2008 Compared to Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2007
Revenues
Revenues were up sharply to $160.7 million for the third quarter of 2008, an increase of $76.5 million, or 91%, from the third quarter of 2007. The increase was driven by increases across all business units including an increase of $33.4 million, or 119%, in our corporate and mergers and acquisitions advisory services. Fees earned by our restructuring and reorganization advisory services business also increased sharply by $27.5 million, or 147%, benefiting from the continued credit market turmoil and low levels of available liquidity. Additionally, fees from our fund placement business increased $15.5 million, or 41%, due to services provided to private equity and hedge fund clients.
Revenues were $304.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2008, an increase of $27.8 million, or 10%, as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2007. The increase was driven by a $50.1 million increase in fees generated by our restructuring and reorganization advisory services business as continued credit market turmoil and low levels of available liquidity led to increased bankruptcies, debt defaults and debt restructurings. This increase was partially offset by decreases of $18.2 million in fees generated from our fund placement business and $4.1 million in fees from our corporate and mergers and acquisitions advisory services business.
The revenues generated by each of the businesses in our financial advisory segment are transactional in nature and therefore results can fluctuate significantly from period to period.
Expenses
Expenses were $99.6 million for the third quarter of 2008, an increase of $36.1 million, or 57%, from the third quarter of 2007. Compensation and Benefits expenses increased $32.3 million, principally due to the 92% increase in Advisory Fees. A portion of compensation is directly related to the profitability of each of the Financial Advisory businesses.
Expenses were $218.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2008, an increase of $103.2 million, or 89%, as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2007. Compensation and Benefits increased
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$89.6 million principally related to compensation associated with our senior managing directors which was accounted for as partnership distributions prior to our IPO. Additionally, the increase in Compensation and Benefits was due to an increase in Advisory Fees revenues as a portion of compensation is directly related to the profitability of each of the service businesses. Other Operating Expenses increased $13.6 million, principally due to costs related to the expansion of our London-based corporate and mergers and acquisitions advisory and debt restructuring services business, increased professional fees of $3.8 million due to the cost of being a public company and an increase in bad debt expense.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Blackstones business model derives revenue primarily from third party assets under management and from advisory businesses. Blackstone is not a capital or balance sheet intensive business and targets operating levels such that total management and advisory fees exceed total operating expenses. As a result, Blackstone requires limited capital resources to support the working capital or operating needs of our businesses as well as to fund growth and investments in new business initiatives. Blackstone draws primarily on the long term committed capital of our limited partner investors to fund the investment requirements of the Blackstone Funds and uses its own realizations and cash flows to invest in growth initiatives or make commitments to its own funds which are typically less than 5% of the assets under management.
Fluctuations in our balance sheet result primarily from activities of the Blackstone Funds which are consolidated. The majority economic ownership interests of these Blackstone Funds are reflected as Non-controlling Interests in Consolidated Entities in the condensed consolidated and combined financial statements. The consolidation of these Blackstone Funds has no net effect on the Partnerships Net Income or Partners Capital. Additionally, fluctuations in our balance sheet also include appreciation or depreciation in Blackstone investments in the Blackstone Funds, additional investments and redemptions of such interests in the Blackstone Funds and the collection of receivables related to management and advisory fees.
In the third quarter, we had total management and advisory fees and interest income of $469.2 million and total associated expenses of $317.4 million, a difference of $154.9 million for the quarter. Blackstone has multiple sources of liquidity to meet its capital needs, including annual cash flow, accumulated earnings in the businesses, investments in its own liquid funds and access to the committed credit facility described below. At September 30, 2008, we had $1.13 billion in cash, $1.29 billion invested in liquid Blackstone funds and $845.0 million in unsecured debt as described further below.
The Condensed Consolidated and Combined Statements of Cash Flows reflect the cash flows of the Blackstone operating businesses as well as those of the consolidated Blackstone Funds. Our assets under management, which are primarily the Blackstone Funds we manage, have grown significantly during the periods reflected in our condensed consolidated and combined financial statements, rising 18% in the third quarter to $116.28 billion from $98.20 billion in the prior year. The growth in assets under management is a result of funds raising capital and generating gains from investments, as well as the GSO acquisition.
We use Adjusted Cash Flow from Operations as a supplemental non-GAAP measure to assess liquidity and amounts available for distribution to owners. In accordance with GAAP, certain of the Blackstone Funds are consolidated into the condensed consolidated and combined financial statements of Blackstone, notwithstanding the fact that Blackstone has only a minority economic interest in these funds. Consequently, Blackstones condensed consolidated and combined financial statements reflect the cash flow of the consolidated Blackstone Funds on a gross basis rather than the cash flow attributable to Blackstone. Adjusted Cash Flow from Operations is therefore intended to reflect the cash flow attributable to Blackstone and is equal to operating activities presented in accordance with GAAP, adjusted for cash flow relating to changes in our operating assets and liabilities, Blackstone Funds related investment activity, net realized gains on illiquid investments, differences in the timing of realized gains between Blackstone and Blackstone Funds, non-controlling interest related to
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departed partners and non-controlling interests in income of consolidated entities and other non-cash adjustments. Management assesses Adjusted Cash Flow from Operations by monitoring its key components, defined by management to be (1) net fee related earnings from operations, (2) Performance Fees and Allocations net of related Compensation and (3) Blackstone In