Table of Contents

 

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C.  20549

 

FORM 10-Q

 

(Mark One)

 

 

 

 

 

þ

 

QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

 

 

 

 

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2008

 

 

 

or

 

 

 

o

 

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

 

 

 

 

For the transition period from                  to                 

 

Commission file number 1-10706

 

Comerica Incorporated

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

Delaware

 

38-1998421

(State or other jurisdiction of
Incorporation or organization)

 

(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)

 

Comerica Bank Tower

1717 Main Street, MC 6404

Dallas, Texas

           75201           

(Address of principal executive offices)

(Zip Code)

 

        (214) 462-6831       

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.Yes   No o

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See definition of “accelerated filer,” “large accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule  12b-2 of the Exchange Act (Check one):

 

Large accelerated filer þ

 

Accelerated filer o

 

Non-accelerated filer o
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)

 

Smaller reporting company o

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes o No

 

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.

 

$5 par value common stock:

 

Outstanding as of October 27, 2008: 150,485,890 shares

 

 

 



Table of Contents

 

COMERICA INCORPORATED AND SUBSIDIARIES
 
TABLE OF CONTENTS
 

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

 

 

 

ITEM 1. Financial Statements

 

 

 

Consolidated Balance Sheets at September 30, 2008 (unaudited), December 31, 2007 and September 30, 2007 (unaudited)

3

 

 

Consolidated Statements of Income for the Three Months and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 (unaudited)

4

 

 

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 (unaudited)

5

 

 

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 (unaudited)

6

 

 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)

7

 

 

ITEM 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

32

 

 

ITEM 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

52

 

 

ITEM 4. Controls and Procedures

56

 

 

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

 

 

 

ITEM 1. Legal Proceedings

57

 

 

ITEM 1A. Risk Factors

57

 

 

ITEM 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

57

 

 

ITEM 6. Exhibits

58

 

 

Signature

59

 

Forward-Looking Statements

 

This report includes forward-looking statements as defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995.  In addition, the Corporation may make other written and oral communication from time to time that contain such statements.  All statements regarding the Corporation’s expected financial position, strategies and growth prospects and general economic conditions expected to exist in the future are forward-looking statements. The words, “anticipates,” “believes,” “feels,” “expects,” “estimates,” “seeks,” “strives,” “plans,” “intends,” “outlook,” “forecast,” “position,” “target,” “mission,” “assume,” “achievable,” “potential,” “strategy,” “goal,” “aspiration,” “outcome,” “continue,” “remain,” “maintain,” “trend,” “objective,” and variations of such words and similar expressions, or future or conditional verbs such as “will,” “would,” “should,” “could,” “might,” “can,” “may” or similar expressions, as they relate to the Corporation or its management, are intended to identify forward-looking statements.

 

The Corporation cautions that forward-looking statements are subject to numerous assumptions, risks and uncertainties, which change over time. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date the statement is made, and the Corporation does not undertake to update forward-looking statements to reflect facts, circumstances, assumptions or events that occur after the date the forward-looking statements are made. Actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in forward-looking statements and future results could differ materially from historical performance.

 



Table of Contents

 

Part I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

 

Item 1. Financial Statements

 

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries

 

 

 

September 30,

 

December 31,

 

September 30,

 

(in millions, except share data)

 

2008

 

2007

 

2007

 

 

 

(unaudited)

 

 

 

(unaudited)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ASSETS

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash and due from banks

 

$

1,404

 

$

1,440

 

$

1,271

 

Federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreements to resell

 

3

 

36

 

129

 

Other short-term investments

 

247

 

373

 

293

 

Investment securities available-for-sale

 

8,158

 

6,296

 

4,942

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Commercial loans

 

28,604

 

28,223

 

27,392

 

Real estate construction loans

 

4,565

 

4,816

 

4,759

 

Commercial mortgage loans

 

10,588

 

10,048

 

9,994

 

Residential mortgage loans

 

1,863

 

1,915

 

1,892

 

Consumer loans

 

2,644

 

2,464

 

2,397

 

Lease financing

 

1,360

 

1,351

 

1,319

 

International loans

 

1,931

 

1,926

 

1,843

 

Total loans

 

51,555

 

50,743

 

49,596

 

Less allowance for loan losses

 

(712

)

(557

)

(512

)

Net loans

 

50,843

 

50,186

 

49,084

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Premises and equipment

 

668

 

650

 

635

 

Customers’ liability on acceptances outstanding

 

21

 

48

 

39

 

Accrued income and other assets

 

3,809

 

3,302

 

3,629

 

Total assets

 

$

65,153

 

$

62,331

 

$

60,022

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Noninterest-bearing deposits

 

$

12,094

 

$

11,920

 

$

11,290

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Money market and NOW deposits

 

13,553

 

15,261

 

14,814

 

Savings deposits

 

1,279

 

1,325

 

1,402

 

Customer certificates of deposit

 

8,147

 

8,357

 

8,010

 

Institutional certificates of deposit

 

3,670

 

6,147

 

5,049

 

Foreign office time deposits

 

802

 

1,268

 

1,355

 

Total interest-bearing deposits

 

27,451

 

32,358

 

30,630

 

Total deposits

 

39,545

 

44,278

 

41,920

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Short-term borrowings

 

3,625

 

2,807

 

2,813

 

Acceptances outstanding

 

21

 

48

 

39

 

Accrued expenses and other liabilities

 

1,486

 

1,260

 

1,276

 

Medium- and long-term debt

 

15,376

 

8,821

 

8,906

 

Total liabilities

 

60,053

 

57,214

 

54,954

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Common stock - $5 par value:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Authorized - 325,000,000 shares

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Issued - 178,735,252 shares at 9/30/08, 12/31/07 and 9/30/07

 

894

 

894

 

894

 

Capital surplus

 

586

 

564

 

551

 

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

 

(129

)

(177

)

(238

)

Retained earnings

 

5,379

 

5,497

 

5,475

 

Less cost of common stock in treasury - 28,249,360 shares at 9/30/08,
28,747,097 shares at 12/31/07 and 27,725,572 shares at 9/30/07

 

(1,630

)

(1,661

)

(1,614

)

Total shareholders’ equity

 

5,100

 

5,117

 

5,068

 

Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity

 

$

   65,153

 

$

62,331

 

$

60,022

 

 

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

3



Table of Contents

 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (unaudited)

Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries

 

 

 

Three Months Ended

 

Nine Months Ended

 

 

 

September 30,

 

September 30,

 

(in millions, except per share data)

 

2008

 

2007

 

2008

 

2007

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

INTEREST INCOME

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest and fees on loans

 

$

634

 

$

895

 

$

2,037

 

$

2,628

 

Interest on investment securities

 

99

 

52

 

288

 

140

 

Interest on short-term investments

 

2

 

5

 

10

 

18

 

Total interest income

 

735

 

952

 

2,335

 

2,786

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

INTEREST EXPENSE

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest on deposits

 

141

 

294

 

576

 

864

 

Interest on short-term borrowings

 

30

 

29

 

78

 

75

 

Interest on medium- and long-term debt

 

98

 

126

 

297

 

333

 

Total interest expense

 

269

 

449

 

951

 

1,272

 

Net interest income

 

466

 

503

 

1,384

 

1,514

 

Provision for loan losses

 

165

 

45

 

494

 

104

 

Net interest income after provision for loan losses

 

301

 

458

 

890

 

1,410

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

NONINTEREST INCOME

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Service charges on deposit accounts

 

57

 

55

 

174

 

164

 

Fiduciary income

 

49

 

49

 

152

 

147

 

Commercial lending fees

 

17

 

19

 

53

 

52

 

Letter of credit fees

 

19

 

16

 

52

 

47

 

Foreign exchange income

 

11

 

11

 

33

 

30

 

Brokerage fees

 

10

 

11

 

30

 

32

 

Card fees

 

15

 

14

 

45

 

40

 

Bank-owned life insurance

 

11

 

8

 

29

 

27

 

Net securities gains

 

27

 

4

 

63

 

4

 

Net gain on sales of businesses

 

 

 

 

3

 

Other noninterest income

 

24

 

43

 

88

 

112

 

Total noninterest income

 

240

 

230

 

719

 

658

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

NONINTEREST EXPENSES

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Salaries

 

192

 

207

 

594

 

628

 

Employee benefits

 

46

 

49

 

141

 

145

 

Total salaries and employee benefits

 

238

 

256

 

735

 

773

 

Net occupancy expense

 

40

 

34

 

114

 

102

 

Equipment expense

 

15

 

15

 

46

 

45

 

Outside processing fee expense

 

26

 

23

 

77

 

67

 

Software expense

 

18

 

16

 

57

 

46

 

Customer services

 

2

 

11

 

11

 

36

 

Litigation and operational losses

 

105

 

6

 

100

 

 

Provision for credit losses on lending-related commitments

 

9

 

 

20

 

(4

)

Other noninterest expenses

 

61

 

62

 

180

 

176

 

Total noninterest expenses

 

514

 

423

 

1,340

 

1,241

 

Income from continuing operations before income taxes

 

27

 

265

 

269

 

827

 

Provision for income taxes

 

 

85

 

76

 

262

 

Income from continuing operations

 

27

 

180

 

193

 

565

 

Income from discontinued operations, net of tax

 

1

 

1

 

 

2

 

NET INCOME

 

$

28

 

$

181

 

$

193

 

$

567

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic earnings per common share:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Income from continuing operations

 

$

0.18

 

$

1.18

 

$

1.29

 

$

3.67

 

Net income

 

0.19

 

1.20

 

1.29

 

3.69

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Diluted earnings per common share:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Income from continuing operations

 

0.18

 

1.17

 

1.28

 

3.61

 

Net income

 

0.19

 

1.18

 

1.28

 

3.63

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash dividends declared on common stock

 

99

 

97

 

298

 

296

 

Dividends per common share

 

0.66

 

0.64

 

1.98

 

1.92

 

 

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

4



Table of Contents

 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY (unaudited)

Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Accumulated

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Other

 

 

 

 

 

Total

 

 

 

Common Stock

 

Capital

 

Comprehensive

 

Retained

 

Treasury

 

Shareholders’

 

(in millions, except per share data)

 

In Shares

 

Amount

 

Surplus

 

Loss

 

Earnings

 

Stock

 

Equity

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

BALANCE AT JANUARY 1, 2007

 

157.6

 

$

894

 

$

520

 

$

(324

)

$

5,230

 

$

(1,219

)

$

5,101

 

Net income

 

 

 

 

 

567

 

 

567

 

Other comprehensive income, net of tax

 

 

 

 

86

 

 

 

86

 

Total comprehensive income

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

653

 

Cash dividends declared on common stock ($1.92 per share)

 

 

 

 

 

(296

)

 

(296

)

Purchase of common stock

 

(9.0

)

 

 

 

 

(533

)

(533

)

Net issuance of common stock under employee stock plans

 

2.4

 

 

(16

)

 

(26

)

139

 

97

 

Recognition of share-based compensation expense

 

 

 

46

 

 

 

 

46

 

Employee deferred compensation obligations

 

 

 

1

 

 

 

(1

)

 

BALANCE AT SEPTEMBER 30, 2007

 

151.0

 

$

894

 

$

551

 

$

(238

)

$

5,475

 

$

(1,614

)

$

5,068

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

BALANCE AT JANUARY 1, 2008

 

150.0

 

$

894

 

$

564

 

$

(177

)

$

5,497

 

$

(1,661

)

$

5,117

 

Net income

 

 

 

 

 

193

 

 

193

 

Other comprehensive income net of tax

 

 

 

 

48

 

 

 

48

 

Total comprehensive income

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

241

 

Cash dividends declared on common stock ($1.98 per share)

 

 

 

 

 

(298

)

 

(298

)

Purchase of common stock

 

 

 

 

 

 

(1

)

(1

)

Net issuance of common stock under employee stock plans

 

0.5

 

 

(19

)

 

(13

)

32

 

 

Recognition of share-based compensation expense

 

 

 

41

 

 

 

 

41

 

BALANCE AT SEPTEMBER 30, 2008

 

150.5

 

$

894

 

$

586

 

$

(129

)

$

5,379

 

$

(1,630

)

$

5,100

 

 

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

5



Table of Contents

 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (unaudited)

Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries

 

 

 

 

Nine Months Ended
September 30,

 

(in millions)

 

2008

 

2007

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

OPERATING ACTIVITIES

 

 

 

 

 

Net income

 

$

193

 

$

567

 

Income from discontinued operations, net of tax

 

 

2

 

Income from continuing operations

 

193

 

565

 

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:

 

 

 

 

 

Provision for loan losses

 

494

 

104

 

Provision for credit losses on lending-related commitments

 

20

 

(4

)

Depreciation and software amortization

 

85

 

69

 

Auction-rate securities charge

 

96

 

 

Lease income charge

 

38

 

 

Share-based compensation expense

 

41

 

46

 

Excess tax benefits from share-based compensation arrangements

 

 

(9

)

Net amortization of securities

 

(9

)

(2

)

Net gain on sale/settlement of investment securities available-for-sale

 

(63

)

(4

)

Net gain on sales of businesses

 

 

(3

)

Net (increase) decrease in trading securities

 

(30

)

1

 

Net decrease in loans held-for-sale

 

59

 

48

 

Net decrease (increase) in accrued income receivable

 

58

 

(10

)

Net decrease in accrued expenses

 

(124

)

(41

)

Other, net

 

(61

)

(45

)

Discontinued operations, net

 

 

2

 

Total adjustments

 

604

 

152

 

Net cash provided by operating activities

 

797

 

717

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

INVESTING ACTIVITIES

 

 

 

 

 

Net decrease in federal funds sold, securities purchased under agreements to resell and other short-term investments

 

46

 

2,488

 

Proceeds from sales of investment securities available-for-sale

 

68

 

4

 

Proceeds from maturities of investment securities available-for-sale

 

1,345

 

658

 

Purchases of investment securities available-for-sale

 

(3,130

)

(1,912

)

Purchases of Federal Home Loan Bank stock

 

(333

)

 

Net increase in loans

 

(1,108

)

(2,261

)

Net increase in fixed assets

 

(126

)

(126

)

Net decrease in customers’ liability on acceptances outstanding

 

27

 

17

 

Proceeds from sales of businesses

 

 

3

 

Discontinued operations, net

 

 

 

Net cash used in investing activities

 

(3,211

)

(1,129

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

FINANCING ACTIVITIES

 

 

 

 

 

Net decrease in deposits

 

(4,668

)

(4,140

)

Net increase in short-term borrowings

 

818

 

2,178

 

Net decrease in acceptances outstanding

 

(27

)

(17

)

Proceeds from issuance of medium- and long-term debt

 

7,500

 

3,835

 

Repayments of medium- and long-term debt

 

(950

)

(879

)

Proceeds from issuance of common stock under employee stock plans

 

1

 

89

 

Excess tax benefits from share-based compensation arrangements

 

 

9

 

Purchase of common stock for treasury

 

(1

)

(533

)

Dividends paid

 

(295

)

(293

)

Discontinued operations, net

 

 

 

Net cash provided by financing activities

 

2,378

 

249

 

Net decrease in cash and due from banks

 

(36

)

(163

)

Cash and due from banks at beginning of period

 

1,440

 

1,434

 

Cash and due from banks at end of period

 

$

1,404

 

$

1,271

 

Interest paid

 

$

1,000

 

$

1,249

 

Income taxes paid

 

$

155

 

$

313

 

Noncash investing and financing activities:

 

 

 

 

 

Transfer of loans from held-for-sale to portfolio

 

$

84

 

$

 

Loans transferred to other real estate

 

12

 

13

 

 

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

6



Table of Contents

 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)

Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries

 

Note 1 — Basis of Presentation and Accounting Policies

 

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (U.S. GAAP) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, the statements do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. generally accepted accounting principles for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. The results of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2008. Certain items in prior periods have been reclassified to conform to the current presentation. For further information, refer to the consolidated financial statements and footnotes thereto included in the Annual Report of Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries (the Corporation) on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007.

 

Fair Value Measurements

 

On January 1, 2008, the Corporation adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements,” (SFAS 157), which defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value under accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, and enhances disclosures about fair value measurements.  The Corporation elected not to delay the application of SFAS 157 to nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities, as allowed by FASB Staff Position (FSP) SFAS 157-2.  FSP SFAS 157-3 clarifies the application of SFAS 157 in a market that is not active. SFAS 157 (as amended) applies whenever other standards require (or permit) assets or liabilities to be measured at fair value and, therefore, does not expand the use of fair value in any new circumstances.  Fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction (i.e., not a forced transaction, such as a liquidation or distressed sale) between market participants at the measurement date.  SFAS 157 (as amended) clarifies that fair value should be based on the assumptions market participants would use when pricing an asset or liability and establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the information used to develop those assumptions.  The fair value hierarchy gives the highest priority to quoted prices in active markets and the lowest priority to unobservable data.  SFAS 157 (as amended) requires fair value measurements to be separately disclosed by level within the fair value hierarchy.  For assets and liabilities recorded at fair value, it is the Corporation’s policy to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when developing fair value measurements for those items for which there is an active market.  In cases where the market for a financial asset is not active, the Corporation includes appropriate risk adjustments that market participants would make for nonperformance and liquidity risks when developing fair value measurements.

 

Fair value measurements for assets and liabilities where there exists limited or no observable market data and, therefore, are based primarily upon estimates, are often calculated based on the economic and competitive environment, the characteristics of the asset or liability and other factors. Therefore, the results cannot be determined with precision and may not be realized in an actual sale or immediate settlement of the asset or liability. Additionally, there may be inherent weaknesses in any calculation technique, and changes in the underlying assumptions used, including discount rates and estimates of future cash flows, could significantly affect the results of current or future values. The initial adoption of SFAS No. 157 resulted in a reduction to noninterest income of approximately $3 million.  Refer to Note 13 to these consolidated financial statements for additional disclosures.

 

Loan Origination Fees and Costs

 

On January 1, 2008, the Corporation prospectively implemented a refinement in the application of Financial Accounting Standards No. 91, “Accounting for Loan Origination Fees and Costs,” (SFAS 91), which resulted in the deferral and amortization to net interest income of substantially all loan origination fees and costs  (over the loan life).  Prior to January 1, 2008, the Corporation deferred and amortized business loan origination and commitment fees greater than $10 thousand and all Small Business Administration loan, residential mortgage and consumer loan origination fees and costs (over the loan life).  The impact of the refinement for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 results was a reduction in net interest income of $12 million, a reduction in the net interest margin of three basis points, a reduction in noninterest expenses of $36 million and an increase in net income of $15 million ($0.10 per diluted share).  The adjustments which would have been required to retroactively apply the refinement of SFAS 91 were not material to any prior reporting periods.

 

7



Table of Contents

 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)

Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries

 

Note 1 — Basis of Presentation and Accounting Policies (continued)

 

Impairment

 

Goodwill and identified intangible assets that have an indefinite useful life are subject to impairment testing, which the Corporation conducts annually, or on an interim basis if events or changes in circumstances between annual tests indicate the assets might be impaired. The Corporation performs its annual impairment test for goodwill and identified intangible assets that have an indefinite useful life as of July 1 of each year.  The impairment test involves assigning tangible assets and liabilities, identified intangible assets and goodwill to reporting units, which are a subset of the Corporation’s operating segments, and comparing the fair value of each reporting unit to its carrying value.  If the fair value is less than the carrying value, a further test is required to measure the amount of impairment. The annual test of goodwill and intangible assets that have an indefinite life, performed as of July 1, 2008, did not indicate that an impairment charge was required.

 

Note 2 — Pending Accounting Pronouncements

 

In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141(revised 2007), “Business Combinations,” (SFAS 141(R)), which replaces SFAS 141.  SFAS 141(R) establishes principles and requirements for recognition and measurement of assets, liabilities and any noncontrolling interest acquired due to a business combination. Under SFAS 141(R) the entity that acquires the business (whether in a full or partial acquisition) may recognize only the assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, and any noncontrolling interest in the acquiree at the acquisition date, measured at fair value.  As such, an acquirer will not be permitted to recognize any allowance for loan losses of the acquiree, if applicable. SFAS 141(R) requires the acquirer to recognize goodwill as of the acquisition date, measured as a residual.  Under SFAS 141(R), acquisition-related transaction and restructuring costs will be expensed as incurred rather than treated as part of the acquisition cost and included in the amount recorded for assets acquired. SFAS 141(R) is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008.  Accordingly, the Corporation will apply the provisions of SFAS 141(R) for acquisitions completed after December 31, 2008.

 

In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160, “Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements, an amendment of ARB 51,” (SFAS 160), which defines noncontrolling interest as the portion of equity in a subsidiary not attributable, directly or indirectly, to the parent.  SFAS 160 requires the ownership interests in subsidiaries held by parties other than the parent (previously referred to as minority interest) to be clearly presented in the consolidated statement of financial position within equity, but separate from the parent’s equity.  The amount of consolidated net income attributable to the parent and to any noncontrolling interest must be clearly presented on the face of the consolidated statement of income.  Changes in the parent’s ownership interest while the parent retains its controlling financial interest (greater than 50 percent ownership) are to be accounted for as equity transactions. Upon a loss of control, any gain or loss on the interest sold will be recognized in earnings. Additionally, any ownership interest retained will be remeasured at fair value on the date control is lost, with any gain or loss recognized in earnings. SFAS 160 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008.  Accordingly, the Corporation will adopt the provisions of SFAS 160 in the first quarter 2009.  The Corporation does not expect the adoption of the provisions of SFAS 160 to have a material effect on the Corporation’s financial condition and results of operations.

 

8



Table of Contents

 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)

Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries

 

Note 2 — Pending Accounting Pronouncements (continued)

 

In March 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 161, “Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, an amendment of FASB Statement No. 133,” (SFAS 161). SFAS 161 applies to all derivative instruments and related hedged items accounted for under SFAS No. 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities,” (SFAS 133). SFAS 161 requires entities to provide greater transparency about (a) how and why an entity uses derivative instruments, (b) how derivative instruments and related hedged items are accounted for under SFAS 133 and its related interpretations, and (c) how derivative instruments and related hedged items affect an entity’s financial position, results of operations and cash flows. To meet those objectives, SFAS 161 requires (1) qualitative disclosures about objectives for using derivatives by primary underlying risk exposure (e.g., interest rate, credit or foreign exchange rate) and by purpose or strategy (fair value hedge, cash flow hedge, net investment hedge, and non-hedges), (2) information about the volume of derivative activity in a flexible format that the preparer believes is the most relevant and practicable, (3) tabular disclosures about balance sheet location and gross fair value amounts of derivative instruments, income statement and other comprehensive income location of gain and loss amounts on derivative instruments by type of contract, and (4) disclosures about credit-risk related contingent features in derivative agreements. SFAS 161 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008.  Accordingly, the Corporation will adopt the provisions of SFAS 161 in the first quarter 2009.  The Corporation does not expect the adoption of the provisions of SFAS 161 to have a material effect on the Corporation’s financial condition and results of operations.

 

In May 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 162, “The Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles,” (SFAS 162).  SFAS 162 identifies the sources of accounting principles and the framework for selecting the principles to be used in the preparation of financial statements of nongovernmental entities that are presented in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles and is effective November 15, 2008.  The Corporation does not expect the adoption of the provisions of SFAS 162 to have any impact on the Corporation’s financial condition and results of operations.

 

In June 2008, the FASB issued FSP No. EITF 03-6-1, “Determining Whether Instruments Granted in Share-Based Payment Transactions Are Participating Securities,” (FSP EITF 03-6-1). FSP EITF 03-6-1 clarifies that unvested share-based payment awards that contain nonforfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents are considered participating securities and should be included in the calculation of basic earnings per share using the two-class method prescribed by SFAS 128, “Earnings Per Share.” FSP EITF 03-6-1 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2008. All prior period earnings per share amounts presented are required to be adjusted retrospectively. Accordingly, the Corporation will adopt the provisions of FSP EITF 03-6-1 in the first quarter 2009.  The Corporation does not expect the adoption of the provisions of FSP EITF 03-6-1 to have a material effect on the Corporation’s financial condition and results of operations.

 

In September 2008, the FASB issued FSP No. FAS 133-1 and FIN 45-4, “Disclosures about Credit Derivatives and Certain Guarantees: An Amendment of FASB Statement No. 133 and FASB Interpretation No. 45; and Clarification of the Effective Date of FASB Statement No. 161” (FSP FAS 133-1 and FIN 45-4).  FSP FAS 133-1 and FIN 45-4 requires disclosures by sellers of credit derivatives and additional disclosures about the current status of the payment/performance risk of financial guarantees.  FSP FAS 133-1 and FIN 45-4 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008.  Accordingly, the Corporation will adopt the provisions of FSP FAS 133-1 and FIN 45-4 in the first quarter 2009.  The Corporation does not expect the adoption of the provisions of FSP FAS 133-1 and FIN 45-4 to have any impact on the Corporations’ financial condition and results of operations.

 

9



Table of Contents

 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)

Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries

 

Note 3 — Investment Securities

 

A summary of the Corporation’s temporarily impaired investment securities available-for-sale as of September 30, 2008 follows:

 

 

 

Impaired

 

 

 

Less than 12 months

 

Over 12 months

 

Total

 

 

 

Fair

 

Unrealized

 

Fair

 

Unrealized

 

Fair

 

Unrealized

 

(in millions)

 

Value

 

Losses

 

Value

 

Losses

 

Value

 

Losses

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

U.S. Treasury and other Government agency securities

 

$

76

 

$

*

$

 

$

 

$

76

 

$

*

Government-sponsored enterprise securities

 

1,738

 

17

 

801

 

12

 

2,539

 

29

 

State and municipal securities
Other securities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total temporarily
impaired securities

 

$

1,814

 

$

17

 

$

801

 

$

12

 

$

2,615

 

$

29

 

 

* Unrealized losses less than $0.5 million.

 

At September 30, 2008, the Corporation had 95 securities in an unrealized loss position, including 90 government-sponsored enterprise mortgage-backed securities (i.e., FMNA, FHLMC). The unrealized losses resulted from changes in market interest rates, not credit quality. The Corporation has the ability and intent to hold these available-for-sale investment securities until maturity or market price recovery, and full collection of the amounts due according to the contractual terms of the debt is expected; therefore, the Corporation does not consider these investments to be other-than-temporarily impaired at September 30, 2008.

 

At September 30, 2008, investment securities having a carrying value of $2.6 billion were pledged where permitted or required by law to secure $1.7 billion of liabilities, including public and other deposits, and derivative instruments.  This included securities of $785 million pledged with the Federal Reserve Bank to secure actual treasury tax and loan borrowings of $72 million at September 30, 2008, and potential borrowings of up to an additional $678 million. The remaining pledged securities of $1.8 billion were primarily with state and local government agencies to secure $1.6 billion of deposits and other liabilities.

 

10



Table of Contents

 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries

 

Note 4 — Allowance for Credit Losses

 

The following summarizes the changes in the allowance for loan losses:

 

 

 

Nine Months Ended

 

 

 

September 30,

 

(in millions)

 

2008

 

2007

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Balance at beginning of period

 

$557

 

 

$493

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Loan charge-offs:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Domestic

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Commercial

 

117

 

 

62

 

 

Real estate construction

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Commercial Real Estate business line

 

149

 

 

13

 

 

Other business lines

 

1

 

 

4

 

 

Total real estate construction

 

150

 

 

17

 

 

Commercial mortgage

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Commercial Real Estate business line

 

51

 

 

8

 

 

Other business lines

 

20

 

 

28

 

 

Total commercial mortgage

 

71

 

 

36

 

 

Residential mortgage

 

2

 

 

 

 

Consumer

 

15

 

 

9

 

 

Lease financing

 

 

 

 

 

International

 

1

 

 

 

 

Total loan charge-offs

 

356

 

 

124

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Recoveries:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Domestic

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Commercial

 

11

 

 

20

 

 

Real estate construction

 

2

 

 

 

 

Commercial mortgage

 

2

 

 

3

 

 

Residential mortgage

 

 

 

 

 

Consumer

 

2

 

 

3

 

 

Lease financing

 

1

 

 

4

 

 

International

 

 

 

8

 

 

Total recoveries

 

18

 

 

38

 

 

Net loan charge-offs

 

338

 

 

86

 

 

Provision for loan losses

 

494

 

 

104

 

 

Foreign currency translation adjustment

 

(1

)

 

1

 

 

Balance at end of period

 

$712

 

 

$512

 

 

 

Changes in the allowance for credit losses on lending-related commitments, included in “accrued expenses and other liabilities” on the consolidated balance sheets, are summarized in the following table.

 

 

 

Nine Months Ended

 

 

 

September 30,

 

(in millions)

 

2008

 

2007

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Balance at beginning of period

 

$21

 

 

$26

 

 

Less: Charge-offs on lending-related commitments*

 

1

 

 

3

 

 

Add: Provision for credit losses on lending-related commitments

 

20

 

 

(4

)

 

Balance at end of period

 

$40

 

 

$19

 

 

 

* Charge-offs result from the sale of unfunded lending-related commitments.

 

11



Table of Contents

 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries

 

Note 4 — Allowance for Credit Losses (continued)

 

A loan is impaired when it is probable that interest and principal payments will not be made in accordance with the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Consistent with this definition, all nonaccrual and reduced-rate loans are impaired. Impaired loans that are restructured and meet the requirements to be on accrual status are included with total impaired loans for the remainder of the calendar year of the restructuring. There were no loans included in the $863 million of impaired loans at September 30, 2008 that were restructured and met the requirements to be on accrual status.  Impaired loans averaged $810 million and $636 million for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2008, respectively, and $269 million and $236 million for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2007, respectively.  The following presents information regarding the period-end balances of impaired loans:

 

 

 

Nine Months Ended

 

Year Ended

 

(in millions)

 

September 30, 2008

 

December 31, 2007

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total period-end nonaccrual loans

 

$863

 

$387

 

Plus:  Total period-end reduced-rate loans

 

 

13

 

  Impaired loans restructured during the period on accrual status at period-end

 

 

4

 

Total period-end impaired loans

 

$863

 

$404

 

Period-end impaired loans requiring an allowance

 

$806

 

$356

 

Allowance allocated to impaired loans

 

$143

 

$  85

 

 

A specific portion of the allowance may be allocated to significant individually impaired loans.   Those impaired loans not requiring an allowance represent loans for which the fair value of expected repayments or collateral exceeded the recorded investments in such loans.

 

12



Table of Contents

 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries

 

Note 5 — Medium- and Long-term Debt

 

Medium- and long-term debt are summarized as follows:

 

(in millions)

 

September 30, 2008

 

December 31, 2007

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Parent company

 

 

 

 

 

Subordinated notes:

 

 

 

 

 

4.80% subordinated note due 2015

 

$     309

 

$   308

 

6.576% subordinated notes due 2037

 

510

 

510

 

Total subordinated notes

 

819

 

818

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Medium-term notes:

 

 

 

 

 

Floating rate based on LIBOR indices due 2010

 

150

 

150

 

Total parent company

 

969

 

968

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subsidiaries

 

 

 

 

 

Subordinated notes:

 

 

 

 

 

6.875% subordinated note due 2008

 

 

100

 

6.00% subordinated note due 2008

 

250

 

253

 

8.50% subordinated note due 2009

 

101

 

102

 

7.125% subordinated note due 2013

 

153

 

156

 

5.70% subordinated note due 2014

 

262

 

261

 

5.75% subordinated notes due 2016

 

667

 

667

 

5.20% subordinated notes due 2017

 

518

 

513

 

8.375% subordinated note due 2024

 

183

 

185

 

7.875% subordinated note due 2026

 

204

 

198

 

Total subordinated notes

 

2,338

 

2,435

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Medium-term notes:

 

 

 

 

 

Floating rate based on LIBOR indices due 2008 to 2012

 

3,969

 

4,318

 

Floating rate based on PRIME indices due 2008

 

500

 

1,000

 

Floating rate based on Federal Funds indices due 2009

 

100

 

100

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Federal Home Loan Bank advances:

 

 

 

 

 

Floating rate based on LIBOR indices due 2009 to 2014

 

7,500

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total subsidiaries

 

14,407

 

7,853

 

Total medium- and long-term debt

 

$ 15,376

 

$ 8,821

 

 

The carrying value of medium- and long-term debt was adjusted to reflect the gain or loss attributable to the risk hedged with interest rate swaps.

 

In February 2008, Comerica Bank (the Bank), a subsidiary of the Corporation, became a member of the Federal Home Loan Bank of Dallas, Texas (FHLB), which provides short- and long-term funding collateralized by mortgage-related assets to its members.  FHLB advances were secured by real estate-related loans and bear interest at variable rates based on LIBOR.  The Bank used the proceeds for general corporate purposes.

 

13



Table of Contents

 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries

 

Note 6 — Income Taxes and Tax-Related Items

 

The provision for income taxes is computed by applying statutory federal income tax rates to income before income taxes as reported in the consolidated financial statements after deducting non-taxable items, principally income on bank-owned life insurance, and deducting tax credits related to investments in low income housing partnerships. State and foreign taxes are then added to the federal tax provision.

 

The Corporation adopted the provision of FASB Interpretation No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes — an interpretation of FASB No. 109, (FIN 48), on January 1, 2007.  Unrecognized tax benefits were $91 million and $84 million at September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively, and accrued interest was $81 million and $80 million at September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively.

 

The third quarter 2008 provision for income taxes reflected net after-tax charges of $1 million which included the acceptance of a global settlement offered by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) on certain structured leasing transactions, settlement with the IRS on disallowed foreign tax credits related to a series of loans to foreign borrowers and other adjustments to tax reserves.  The second quarter 2008 provision for income taxes reflected an after-tax charge of $13 million related to the structured leasing transactions.  The Corporation anticipates that it is reasonably possible that settlements on the structured leasing transactions and foreign tax credits, along with various state tax return issues, will be paid within the next 12 months, resulting in a decrease in unrecognized tax benefits in the range of $20 million to $30 million.

 

 The reassessment of the size and timing of the tax deductions related to the structured leasing transactions discussed above resulted in an $8 million ($6 million after-tax) and a $30 million ($19 million after-tax) charge to lease income in the third and second quarters of 2008, respectively. The charges were taken in accordance with FSP 13-2 “Accounting for a Change or Projected Change in the Timing of Cash Flows Relating to Income Taxes Generated by a Leveraged Lease Transaction” and, unless the leases are terminated, will fully reverse over the next 19 years.

 

Based on current knowledge and probability assessment of various potential outcomes, the Corporation believes that current tax reserves, determined in accordance with FIN 48, are adequate to cover the matters outlined above, and the amount of any incremental liability arising from these matters is not expected to have a material adverse effect on the Corporation’s consolidated financial condition or results of operations.  Probabilities and outcomes are reviewed as events unfold, and adjustments to the reserves are made when necessary.

 

Note 7 — Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

 

Other comprehensive income (loss) includes the change in net unrealized gains and losses on investment securities available-for-sale, the change in accumulated net gains and losses on cash flow hedges and the change in the accumulated defined benefit and other postretirement plans adjustment. The Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity on page 5 include only combined other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax. The following table presents reconciliations of the components of the accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007. Total comprehensive income totaled $241 million and $653 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively.  The $412 million decrease in total comprehensive income in the nine months ended September 30, 2008, when compared to the same period in the prior year, resulted principally from a decrease in net income ($374 million) and a decrease in net gains on cash flow hedges ($41 million).

 

14



Table of Contents

 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
AM Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries

 

Note 7 — Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) (continued)

 

 

 

Nine Months Ended

 

 

 

September 30,

 

(in millions)

 

2008

 

2007

 

Accumulated net unrealized gains (losses) on investment securities available-for-sale:

 

 

 

 

 

Balance at beginning of period, net of tax

 

$

(9)

 

$

(61)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net unrealized holding gains arising during the period

 

120 

 

50 

 

Less:  Reclassification adjustment for gains included in net income

 

63 

 

 

Change in net unrealized gains before income taxes

 

57 

 

46 

 

Less: Provision for income taxes

 

20 

 

16 

 

Change in net unrealized gains on investment securities available-for-sale, net of tax

 

37 

 

30 

 

Balance at end of period, net of tax

 

$

28 

 

$

(31)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Accumulated net gains (losses) on cash flow hedges:

 

 

 

 

 

Balance at beginning of period, net of tax

 

$

 

$

(48)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net cash flow hedge gains arising during the period

 

21 

 

 

Less:  Reclassification adjustment for gains (losses) included in net income

 

19 

 

(61)

 

Change in cash flow hedge before income taxes

 

 

66 

 

Less: Provision for income taxes

 

 

24 

 

Change in cash flow hedges, net of tax

 

 

42 

 

Balance at end of period, net of tax

 

$

 

$

(6)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Accumulated defined benefit pension and other postretirement plans adjustment:

 

 

 

 

 

Balance at beginning of period, net of tax

 

$

(170)

 

$

(215)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net defined benefit pension and other postretirement adjustment arising during the period

 

 

 

Less: Adjustment for amounts recognized as components of net periodic benefit cost during the period

 

(13)

 

(23)

 

Change in defined benefit and other postretirement plans adjustment before income taxes

 

16 

 

23 

 

Less: Provision for income taxes

 

 

 

Change in defined benefit and other postretirement plans adjustment, net of tax

 

10 

 

14 

 

Balance at end of period, net of tax

 

$

(160)

 

$

(201)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total accumulated other comprehensive loss at end of period, net of tax

 

$

(129)

 

$

(238)

 

 

15



Table of Contents

 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries

 

Note 8 — Net Income per Common Share

 

Basic and diluted net income per common share for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 were computed as follows:

 

 

 

Three Months Ended

 

Nine Months Ended

 

 

 

September 30,

 

September 30,

 

(in millions, except per share data)

 

2008

 

2007

 

2008

 

2007

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Income from continuing operations applicable to common stock

 

$

27

 

$

180

 

$

193

 

$

565

 

Net income applicable to common stock

 

28

 

181

 

193

 

567

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Average common shares outstanding

 

149

 

151

 

149

 

154

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic income from continuing operations per common share

 

$

0.18

 

$

1.18

 

$

1.29

 

$

3.67

 

Basic net income per common share

 

0.19

 

1.20

 

1.29

 

3.69

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Diluted

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Income from continuing operations applicable to common stock

 

$

27

 

$

180

 

$

193

 

$

565

 

Net income applicable to common stock

 

28

 

181

 

193

 

567

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Average common shares outstanding

 

149

 

151

 

149

 

154

 

Nonvested stock

 

2

 

1

 

2

 

1

 

Common stock equivalents:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net effect of the assumed exercise of stock options

 

 

1

 

 

1

 

Diluted average common shares

 

151

 

153

 

151

 

156

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Diluted income from continuing operations per common share

 

$

0.18

 

$

1.17

 

$

1.28

 

$

3.61

 

Diluted net income per common share

 

0.19

 

1.18

 

1.28

 

3.63

 

 

The following average outstanding options to purchase shares of common stock were not included in the computation of diluted net income per common share because the options’ exercise prices were greater than the average market price of common shares for the period.

 

 

 

Three Months Ended

 

Nine Months Ended

 

 

 

September 30,

 

September 30,

 

(options in millions)

 

2008

 

2007

 

2008

 

2007

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Average outstanding options

 

19.5

 

10.5

 

19.9

 

5.8

 

Range of exercise prices

 

$29.82 - $69.00

 

$55.61 - $71.58

 

$36.24 - $71.58

 

$59.47 - $71.58

 

 

16



Table of Contents

 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries

 

Note 9 — Employee Benefit Plans

 

Net periodic benefit costs are charged to “employee benefits expense” on the consolidated statements of income. The components of net periodic benefit cost for the Corporation’s qualified pension plan, non-qualified pension plan and postretirement benefit plan are as follows:

 

Qualified Defined Benefit Pension Plan

 

Three Months Ended

 

Nine Months Ended

 

 

 

September 30,

 

September 30,

 

(in millions)

 

2008

 

2007

 

2008

 

2007

 

Service cost

 

$

7

 

$

8

 

$

21

 

$

23

 

Interest cost

 

17

 

15

 

50

 

46

 

Expected return on plan assets

 

(25

)

(23

)

(75

)

(70

)

Amortization of unrecognized prior service cost

 

2

 

2

 

5

 

5

 

Amortization of unrecognized net loss

 

1

 

3

 

3

 

11

 

Net periodic benefit cost

 

$

2

 

$

5

 

$

4

 

$

15

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Non-Qualified Defined Benefit Pension Plan

 

Three Months Ended

 

Nine Months Ended

 

 

 

September 30,

 

September 30,

 

(in millions)

 

2008

 

2007

 

2008

 

2007

 

Service cost

 

$

1

 

$

1

 

$

3

 

$

3

 

Interest cost

 

2

 

2

 

6

 

6

 

Amortization of unrecognized prior service cost

 

(1

)

 

(1

)

(1

)

Amortization of unrecognized net loss

 

1

 

1

 

3

 

4

 

Net periodic benefit cost

 

$

3

 

$

4

 

$

11

 

$

12

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Postretirement Benefit Plan

 

Three Months Ended

 

Nine Months Ended

 

 

 

September 30,

 

September 30,

 

(in millions)

 

2008

 

2007

 

2008

 

2007

 

Interest cost

 

$

1

 

$

1

 

$

4

 

$

4

 

Expected return on plan assets

 

(1

)

(1

)

(3

)

(3

)

Amortization of unrecognized transition obligation

 

1

 

1

 

3

 

3

 

Amortization of unrecognized prior service cost

 

1

 

1

 

1

 

1

 

Net periodic benefit cost

 

$

2

 

$

2

 

$

5

 

$

5

 

 

For further information on the Corporation’s employee benefit plans, refer to Note 16 to the consolidated financial statements in the Corporation’s 2007 Annual Report.

 

17



Table of Contents

 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries

 

Note 10 — Derivative Instruments

 

The following table presents the composition of derivative instruments, excluding commitments, held or issued for risk management purposes, and in connection with customer-initiated and other activities.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

September 30, 2008

 

December 31, 2007

 

 

 

Notional/

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Notional/

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Contract

 

Unrealized

 

 

 

Fair

 

Contract

 

Unrealized

 

 

 

Fair

 

 

 

Amount

 

Gains

 

Unrealized

 

Value

 

Amount

 

Gains

 

Unrealized

 

Value

 

(in millions)

 

(1)

 

(2)

 

Losses

 

(3)

 

(1)

 

(2)

 

Losses

 

(3)

 

Risk management

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest rate contracts:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Swaps - cash flow

 

$   1,100

 

 

$      6

 

 

$   —

 

 

$     6

 

 

$ 3,200

 

 

$    3

 

 

$   2

 

 

$     1

 

 

Swaps - fair value

 

2,100

 

 

132

 

 

5

 

 

127

 

 

2,202

 

 

142

 

 

 

 

142

 

 

Total interest rate contracts

 

3,200

 

 

138

 

 

5

 

 

133

 

 

5,402

 

 

145

 

 

2

 

 

143

 

 

Foreign exchange contracts:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Spot and forwards

 

710

 

 

4

 

 

9

 

 

(5

)

 

528

 

 

4

 

 

2

 

 

2

 

 

Swaps

 

15

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

21

 

 

1

 

 

 

 

1

 

 

Total foreign exchange contracts

 

725

 

 

4

 

 

9

 

 

(5

)

 

549

 

 

5

 

 

2

 

 

3

 

 

Total risk management

 

3,925

 

 

142

 

 

14

 

 

128

 

 

5,951

 

 

150

 

 

4

 

 

146

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Customer-initiated and other

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest rate contracts:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Caps and floors written

 

1,036

 

 

 

 

7

 

 

(7

)

 

851

 

 

 

 

5

 

 

(5

)

 

Caps and floors purchased

 

1,036

 

 

7

 

 

 

 

7

 

 

851

 

 

5

 

 

 

 

5

 

 

Swaps

 

9,265

 

 

136

 

 

106

 

 

30

 

 

6,806

 

 

110

 

 

89

 

 

21

 

 

Total interest rate contracts

 

11,337

 

 

143

 

 

113

 

 

30

 

 

8,508

 

 

115

 

 

94

 

 

21

 

 

Energy derivative contracts:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Caps and floors written

 

516

 

 

 

 

74

 

 

(74

)

 

410

 

 

 

 

43

 

 

(43

)

 

Caps and floors purchased

 

516

 

 

74

 

 

 

 

74

 

 

410

 

 

43

 

 

 

 

43

 

 

Swaps

 

952

 

 

70

 

 

69

 

 

1

 

 

661

 

 

61

 

 

61

 

 

 

 

Total energy derivative contracts

 

1,984

 

 

144

 

 

143

 

 

1

 

 

1,481

 

 

104

 

 

104

 

 

 

 

Foreign exchange contracts:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Spot, forwards, futures and options

 

3,741

 

 

57

 

 

50

 

 

7

 

 

2,707

 

 

34

 

 

29

 

 

5

 

 

Swaps

 

7

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

8

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total foreign exchange contracts

 

3,748

 

 

57

 

 

50

 

 

7

 

 

2,715

 

 

34

 

 

29

 

 

5

 

 

Total customer-initiated and other

 

17,069

 

 

344

 

 

306

 

 

38

 

 

12,704

 

 

253

 

 

227

 

 

26

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total derivative instruments

 

$20,994

 

 

$  486

 

 

$320

 

 

$166

 

 

$18,655

 

 

$403

 

 

$231

 

 

$172

 

 

 

(1) Notional or contract amounts, which represent the extent of involvement in the derivatives market, are used to determine the contractual cash flows required in accordance with the terms of the agreement. These amounts are typically not exchanged, significantly exceed amounts subject to credit or market risk, and are not reflected in the consolidated balance sheets.

 

(2) Unrealized gains represent receivables from derivative counterparties, and therefore expose the Corporation to credit risk. Credit risk, which excludes the effects of any collateral or netting arrangements, is measured as the cost to replace, at current market rates, contracts in a profitable position.

 

(3) The fair values of derivative instruments represent the estimated amounts the Corporation would receive or pay to terminate or otherwise settle the contracts at the balance sheet date. The fair values of all derivative instruments are reflected in the consolidated balance sheets.

 

18



Table of Contents

 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)

Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries

 

Note 10 — Derivative Instruments (continued)

 

Risk Management

 

Fluctuations in net interest income due to interest rate risk result from the composition of assets and liabilities and the mismatches in the timing of the repricing of these assets and liabilities. In addition, external factors such as interest rates and the dynamics of yield curve and spread relationships can affect net interest income. The Corporation utilizes simulation analyses to project the sensitivity of net interest income to changes in interest rates. Cash instruments, such as investment securities, as well as derivative instruments, are employed to manage exposure to these and other risks, including liquidity risk.

 

The following table presents net hedge ineffectiveness gains (losses) by risk management hedge type:

 

 

 

Three Months Ended
September 30

 

Nine Months Ended
September 30

 

(dollar amounts in millions)

 

2008

 

2007

 

2008

 

  2007

 

Cash flow hedges

 

$ —

 

 

$ —

 

 

$ —

 

 

$  1

 

 

Fair value hedges

 

4

 

 

1

 

 

9

 

 

1

 

 

Foreign currency hedges

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total

 

$   4

 

 

$   1

 

 

$   9

 

 

$  2

 

 

 

As an end-user, the Corporation employs a variety of financial instruments for risk management purposes.  As part of a fair value hedging strategy, the Corporation has entered into interest rate swap agreements for interest rate risk management purposes. These interest rate swap agreements effectively modify exposure to interest rate risk by converting fixed-rate deposits and debt to a floating rate. These agreements involve the receipt of fixed-rate interest amounts in exchange for floating-rate interest payments over the life of the agreement, without an exchange of the underlying principal amount.

 

As part of a cash flow hedging strategy, the Corporation entered into predominantly two-year interest rate swap agreements (weighted-average original maturity of 2.2 years) that effectively convert a portion of its existing and forecasted floating-rate loans to a fixed-rate basis, which will reduce the impact of interest rate changes on future interest income over the life of the agreements (currently over the next 27 months). Approximately two percent ($1.1 billion) of outstanding loans were designated as hedged items to interest rate swap agreements at September 30, 2008.  During the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2008, interest rate swap agreements designated as cash flow hedges increased interest and fees on loans by $4 million and  $19 million, respectively, compared to decreases of $16 million and $61 million, respectively, for the comparable periods last year.  If interest rates, interest yield curves and notional amounts remain at current levels, the Corporation expects to reclassify $4 million of net gains, net of tax, on derivative instruments from accumulated other comprehensive income to earnings during the next 12 months due to receipt of variable interest associated with existing and forecasted floating-rate loans.

 

Management believes these strategies achieve the desired relationship between the rate maturities of assets and funding sources which, in turn, reduces the overall exposure of net interest income to interest rate risk, although there can be no assurance that such strategies will be successful. Foreign exchange rate risk arises from changes in the value of certain assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies. The Corporation employs cash instruments, such as investment securities, as well as various types of derivative instruments, to manage exposure to these and other risks.  Such derivative instruments, which are reflected in the table on page 18, may include interest rate caps and floors, foreign exchange forward contracts, foreign exchange option contracts and foreign exchange cross-currency swaps.

 

19



Table of Contents

 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)

Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries

 

Note 10 — Derivative Instruments (continued)

 

The following table summarizes the expected maturity distribution of the notional amount of risk management interest rate swaps and provides the weighted-average interest rates associated with amounts to be received or paid on interest rate swap agreements as of September 30, 2008. Swaps have been grouped by asset and liability designation.

 

Remaining Expected Maturity of Risk Management Interest Rate Swaps:

 

(dollar amounts in millions)

 

2008

 

2009

 

2010

 

2011

 

2012

 

2013-
2026

 

September 30,
2008
Total

 

Dec 31,
2007
Total

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Variable rate asset designation:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Generic receive fixed swaps

 

$   200

 

 

$    —

 

 

$900

 

 

$  —

 

 

$  —

 

 

$     —

 

 

$1,100

 

 

$3,200

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Weighted average: (1)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Receive rate

 

7.50

%

 

%

 

5.64

%

 

%

 

%

 

%

 

5.98

%

 

7.02

%

 

Pay rate

 

5.00

 

 

 

 

5.00

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

5.00

 

 

7.37

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Fixed rate asset designation:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Pay fixed swaps

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Amortizing

 

$     —

*

 

$    —

 

 

$  —

 

 

$  —

 

 

$  —

 

 

$     —

 

 

$     —

*

 

$       2

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Weighted average: (2)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Receive rate

 

3.11

%

 

%

 

%

 

%

 

%

 

%

 

3.11

%

 

4.74

%

 

Pay rate

 

3.52

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3.52

 

 

3.52

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Medium- and long-term debt designation:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Generic receive fixed swaps

 

$   250

 

 

$  100

 

 

$  —

 

 

$  —

 

 

$  —

 

 

$1,750

 

 

$2,100

 

 

$2,200

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Weighted average: (1)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Receive rate

 

6.12

%

 

6.06

%

 

%

 

%

 

%

 

5.84

%

 

5.88

%

 

5.90

%

 

Pay rate

 

2.63

 

 

2.79

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3.02

 

 

2.96

 

 

5.14

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total notional amount

 

$   450

 

 

$  100

 

 

$900

 

 

$  —

 

 

$  —

 

 

$1,750

 

 

$3,200

 

 

$5,402

 

 

 

* Less than $0.5 million

 

(1)

 

Variable rates paid on receive fixed swaps are based on prime and LIBOR (with various maturities) rates in effect at September 30, 2008

(2)

 

Variable rates received are based on one-month Canadian Dollar Offered Rates in effect at September 30, 2008

 

The Corporation had commitments to purchase investment securities for its trading account and available-for-sale portfolios totaling $1.6 billion at September 30, 2008 and $604 million at December 31, 2007.  Commitments to sell investment securities related to the trading account portfolio totaled $27 million at September 30, 2008 and $4 million at December 31, 2007. Outstanding commitments expose the Corporation to both credit and market risk. Included in commitments to purchase investment securities at September 30, 2008 was the commitment to repurchase $1.5 billion par value of auction-rate securities (ARS) from customers.  For further information on the ARS repurchase, refer to Note 16 to these consolidated financial statements.

 

20



Table of Contents

 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)

Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries

 

Note 10 — Derivative Instruments (continued)

 

Customer-Initiated and Other

 

Fee income is earned from entering into various transactions, principally foreign exchange contracts, interest rate contracts and energy derivative contracts, at the request of customers. The Corporation mitigates market risk inherent in customer-initiated interest rate and energy contracts by taking offsetting positions, except in those circumstances when the amount, tenor and/or contracted rate level results in negligible economic risk, whereby the cost of purchasing an offsetting contract is not economically justifiable.  For customer-initiated foreign exchange contracts, the Corporation mitigates most of the inherent market risk by taking offsetting positions and manages the remainder through individual foreign currency position limits and aggregate value-at-risk limits. These limits are established annually and reviewed quarterly.

 

For those customer-initiated derivative contracts which were not offset or where the Corporation holds a speculative position within the limits described above, the Corporation recognized $1 million of net gains in both the three month periods ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, and $2 million and $1 million net of net gains in the nine month periods ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively, which were included in “other noninterest income” in the consolidated statements of income.  The fair value of derivative instruments held or issued in connection with customer-initiated activities, including those customer-initiated derivative contracts where the Corporation does not enter into an offsetting derivative contract position, is included in the table on page 18.

 

Fair values for customer-initiated and other derivative instruments represent the net unrealized gains or losses on such contracts and are recorded in the consolidated balance sheets.  Changes in fair value are recognized in the consolidated income statements. The following table provides the average unrealized gains and losses, and noninterest income generated on customer-initiated and other interest rate contracts, energy derivative contracts and foreign exchange contracts.

 

 

 

Nine Months Ended

 

Year Ended

 

Nine Months Ended

 

(in millions)

 

September 30, 2008

 

December 31, 2007

 

September 30, 2007

 

Average unrealized gains

 

$436

 

 

$137

 

 

$114

 

 

Average unrealized losses

 

395

 

 

120

 

 

98

 

 

Noninterest income

 

45

 

 

50

 

 

35

 

 

 

Additional information regarding the nature, terms and associated risks of derivative instruments can be found in the Corporation’s 2007 Annual Report on page 56 and in Notes 1 and 20 to the consolidated financial statements.

 

Note 11 — Standby and Commercial Letters of Credit and Financial Guarantees

 

The estimated risk exposure related to the Corporation’s standby and commercial letters of credit and other financial guarantees outstanding as of September 30, 2008, and December 31, 2007, is shown in the table below.

 

(in millions)

 

September 30, 2008

 

December 31, 2007

 

Standby letters of credit

 

$6,623

 

 

$6,894

 

 

Commercial letters of credit

 

168

 

 

234

 

 

Financial guarantee related to offer to repurchase auction-rate securities (par value)

 

1,533

 

 

 

 

Other financial guarantees

 

24

 

 

6

 

 

 

21



Table of Contents

 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)

Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries

 

Note 11 — Standby and Commercial Letters of Credit and Financial Guarantees (continued)

 

Standby and commercial letters of credit represent conditional obligations of the Corporation which guarantee the performance of a customer to a third party. Standby letters of credit are primarily issued to support public and private borrowing arrangements, including commercial paper, bond financing and similar transactions. These contracts expire in decreasing amounts through the year 2018.  The Corporation may enter into participation arrangements with third parties, which effectively reduce the maximum amount of future payments which may be required under standby letters of credit. These risk participations covered $630 million of the $6,623 million of standby letters of credit outstanding at September 30, 2008.  Commercial letters of credit are issued to finance foreign or domestic trade transactions and are short-term in nature. The Corporation’s offer to repurchase (at par) auction-rate securities (ARS) is a financial guarantee. For further information on the offer to repurchase ARS, see Note 16 to these consolidated financial statements. Other financial guarantees consist of an indemnification agreement related to the sale of the Corporation’s remaining ownership of Visa Inc. (Visa) shares and credit risk participation agreements, where the Corporation, primarily as part of a syndicated lending arrangement, guarantees a portion of the credit risk on an interest rate swap agreement between the lead bank in the syndicate and the customer. These credit risk participation agreements expire in decreasing amounts through the year 2014. The carrying value of the Corporation’s standby and commercial letters of credit, the offer to repurchase ARS and other financial guarantees, which are included in “accrued expenses and other liabilities” on the consolidated balance sheets, totaled $189 million at September 30, 2008, and $100 million at December 31, 2007.

 

Note 12 — Contingent Liabilities

 

Legal Proceedings

 

The Corporation and certain of its subsidiaries are subject to various pending or threatened legal proceedings arising out of the normal course of business or operations.  In view of the inherent difficulty of predicting the outcome of such matters, the Corporation cannot state what the eventual outcome of these matters will be.  However, based on current knowledge and after consultation with legal counsel, management believes that current reserves, determined in accordance with SFAS No. 5, “Accounting for Contingencies” (SFAS 5), are adequate, and the amount of any incremental liability arising from these matters is not expected to have a material adverse effect on the Corporation’s consolidated financial condition or results of operations.  For information regarding income tax contingencies, refer to Note 6 on page 14.

 

Note 13 — Fair Value

 

The Corporation utilizes fair value measurements to record fair value adjustments to certain assets and liabilities and to determine fair value disclosures. Securities available-for-sale, trading securities, derivatives and certain liabilities are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. Additionally, from time to time, the Corporation may be required to record at fair value other assets on a nonrecurring basis, such as loans held-for-sale, loans held for investment and certain other assets and liabilities. These nonrecurring fair value adjustments typically involve application of lower of cost or market accounting or write-downs of individual assets.

 

Fair Value Hierarchy

 

Under SFAS 157, the Corporation groups assets and liabilities at fair value in three levels, based on the markets in which the assets and liabilities are traded and the reliability of the assumptions used to determine fair value. These levels are:

 

Level 1

 

Valuation is based upon quoted prices for identical instruments traded in active markets.

 

 

 

Level 2

 

Valuation is based upon quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active, and model-based valuation techniques for which all significant assumptions are observable in the market.

 

 

 

Level 3

 

Valuation is generated from model-based techniques that use at least one significant assumption not observable in the market. These unobservable assumptions reflect estimates of assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. Valuation techniques include use of option pricing models, discounted cash flow models and similar techniques.

 

22



Table of Contents

 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)

Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries

 

Note 13 — Fair Value (continued)

 

Following is a description of valuation methodologies used for assets and liabilities recorded at fair value.

 

Investment Securities Available-for-Sale

 

Investment securities available-for-sale are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis.  Fair value measurement is based upon quoted prices, if available. If quoted prices are not available, fair values are measured using independent pricing models or other model-based valuation techniques such as the present value of future cash flows, adjusted for the security’s credit rating, prepayment assumptions and other factors such as credit loss and liquidity assumptions. Level 1 securities include those traded on an active exchange, such as the New York Stock Exchange, U.S. Treasury securities that are traded by dealers or brokers in active over-the-counter markets and money market funds.  Level 2 securities include mortgage-backed securities issued by government-sponsored entities, municipal bonds and corporate debt securities.  Securities classified as Level 3 include securities in less liquid markets.

 

Trading Securities and Associated Liabilities

 

Securities held for trading purposes are recorded at fair value and included in “other short-term investments” on the consolidated balance sheets. Level 1 securities held for trading purposes include assets related to employee deferred compensation plans which are invested in mutual funds and other securities traded on an active exchange.  Deferred compensation liabilities, also classified as Level 1, are carried at the fair value of the obligation to the employee, which corresponds to the fair value of the invested assets. Level 2 securities include municipal bonds and mortgage-backed securities issued by government-sponsored entities and corporate debt securities. Securities classified as Level 3 include securities in less liquid markets.  The valuation method for trading securities is the same as the method used for investment securities classified as available-for-sale, discussed above.

 

Loans Held-for-Sale

 

Loans held-for-sale, included in “other short-term investments” on the consolidated balance sheets, are carried at the lower of cost or market value. The fair value of loans held-for-sale is based on what secondary markets are currently offering for portfolios with similar characteristics. As such, the Corporation classifies loans subjected to nonrecurring fair value adjustments as Level 2.

 

Loans

 

The Corporation does not record loans at fair value on a recurring basis. However, from time to time, a loan is considered impaired and an allowance for loan losses is established. Loans for which it is probable that payment of interest and principal will not be made in accordance with the contractual terms of the loan agreement are considered impaired.  Once a loan is identified as individually impaired, management measures impairment in accordance with SFAS 114, “Accounting by Creditors for Impairment of a Loan,(SFAS 114). The fair value of impaired loans is estimated using one of several methods, including collateral value, market value of similar debt, enterprise value, liquidation value and discounted cash flows. Those impaired loans not requiring an allowance represent loans for which the fair value of the expected repayments or collateral exceed the recorded investments in such loans. At September 30, 2008, substantially all of the total impaired loans were evaluated based on the fair value of the collateral. Impaired loans where an allowance is established based on the fair value of collateral require classification in the fair value hierarchy.  When the fair value of the collateral is based on an observable market price or a current appraised value, the Corporation records the impaired loan as nonrecurring Level 2.  When a current appraised value is not available or management determines the fair value of the collateral is further impaired below the appraised value and there is no observable market price, the Corporation records the impaired loan as nonrecurring Level 3.

 

Derivative Assets and Liabilities

 

Substantially all of the derivative instruments held or issued by the Corporation for risk management or customer-initiated activities are traded in over-the-counter markets where quoted market prices are not readily available. For those derivatives, the Corporation measures fair value using internally developed models that use primarily market observable inputs, such as yield curves and option volatilities, and include the value associated with counterparty credit risk. As such, the Corporation classifies those derivative instruments as Level 2.  Examples of Level 2 derivatives are interest rate swaps, foreign exchange and energy derivative contracts and an example of a Level 3 derivative is a warrant agreement with an embedded net exercise provision.

 

23



Table of Contents

 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)

Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries

 

Note 13 — Fair Value (continued)

 

The Corporation also holds a portfolio of warrants for generally non-marketable equity securities.  These warrants are primarily from high technology, non-public companies obtained as part of the loan origination process. Warrants which contain a net exercise provision are required to be accounted for as derivatives and recorded at fair value in accordance with the provisions of Implementation Issue 17a of SFAS 133.  Fair value is determined using a Black-Scholes valuation model, which has five inputs: risk-free rate, expected life, volatility, exercise price, and the per share market value of the underlying company.  Where sufficient financial data existed, a market approach method was utilized to estimate the current value of the underlying company. When quoted market values were not available, an index method was utilized. The estimated fair value of the underlying securities for warrants requiring valuation at fair value were adjusted for discounts related to lack of liquidity.  The Corporation classifies warrants accounted for as derivatives in recurring Level 3.

 

Financial Guarantees

 

Certain financial guarantees recorded at fair value are included in “other liabilities” on the consolidated balance sheets.  The financial guarantees classified in other liabilities relate to an offer to repurchase (at par) certain auction-rate securities (ARS) and a liability under an indemnification agreement related to the sale of the Corporation’s remaining ownership of Visa shares.  Fair value for the ARS financial guarantee liability was determined using a model-based valuation technique which utilized discounted cash flows based on assumed time to settle and a discount rate which included an appropriate liquidity premium.  The fair value of the indemnification agreement was determined using a probability weighted estimate of cash flows under various scenarios.  As such, the Corporation classifies financial guarantees as recurring Level 3.  For further information on the repurchase of ARS, see Note 16 to these consolidated financial statements.

 

Foreclosed Assets

 

Upon transfer from the loan portfolio, foreclosed assets are adjusted to and subsequently carried at the lower of carrying value or fair value. Fair value is based upon independent market prices, appraised values of the collateral or management’s estimation of the value of the collateral.  When the fair value of the collateral is based on an observable market price or a current appraised value, the Corporation records the foreclosed asset as nonrecurring Level 2.  When a current appraised value is not available or management determines the fair value of the collateral is further impaired below the appraised value and there is no observable market price, the Corporation records the foreclosed asset as nonrecurring Level 3.

 

Private Equity Investments

 

The Corporation has a portfolio of indirect (through funds) private equity and venture capital investments. The majority of these investments are not readily marketable. The investments are individually reviewed for impairment, on a quarterly basis, by comparing the carrying value to the estimated fair value. The Corporation bases its estimates of fair value for the majority of its indirect private equity and venture capital investments on the percentage ownership in the fair value of the entire fund, as reported by the fund’s management. In general, the Corporation does not have the benefit of the same information regarding the fund’s underlying investments as does the fund’s management. Therefore, after indication that the fund’s management adheres to accepted, sound and recognized valuation techniques, the Corporation generally utilizes the fair values assigned to the underlying portfolio investments by the fund’s management. The impact on fair values of transfer restrictions is not considered by the fund’s management, and the Corporation assumes it to be insignificant. For those funds where fair value is not reported by the fund’s management, the Corporation derives the fair value of the fund by estimating the fair value of each underlying investment in the fund. In addition to using qualitative information about each underlying investment, as provided by the fund’s management, the Corporation gives consideration to information pertinent to the specific nature of the debt or equity investment, such as relevant market conditions, offering prices, operating results, financial conditions, exit strategy and other qualitative information, as available. The lack of an independent source to validate fair value estimates, including the impact of future capital calls and transfer restrictions, is an inherent limitation in the valuation process. The Corporation classifies private equity investments subjected to nonrecurring fair value adjustments as Level 3.

 

24



Table of Contents

 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)

Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries

 

Note 13 — Fair Value (continued)

 

Loan Servicing Rights

 

Loan servicing rights are subject to impairment testing.  A valuation model, which utilizes a discounted cash flow analysis using interest rates and prepayment speed assumptions currently quoted for comparable instruments and a discount rate determined by management, is used for impairment testing.  If the valuation model reflects a value less than the carrying value, loan servicing rights are adjusted to fair value through a valuation allowance as determined by the model.  As such, the Corporation classifies loan servicing rights subjected to nonrecurring fair value adjustments as  Level 3.

 

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

 

Goodwill and identified intangible assets are subject to impairment testing.  A projected cash flow valuation method is used in the completion of impairment testing.  This valuation method requires a significant degree of management judgment.  In the event the projected undiscounted net operating cash flows are less than the carrying value, the asset is recorded at fair value as determined by the valuation model.  If the testing resulted in impairment, the Corporation would classify goodwill and other intangible assets subjected to nonrecurring fair value adjustments  as Level 3.

 

Assets and Liabilities Recorded at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

 

The table below presents the recorded amount of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis.

 

(in millions)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

September 30, 2008

 

Total

 

Level 1

 

Level 2

 

Level 3

 

Trading securities

 

$   147

 

 

$  99

 

 

$     28

 

 

$ 20

 

 

Investment securities available-for-sale

 

8,158

 

 

145

 

 

8,010

 

 

3

 

 

Derivative assets

 

496

 

 

 

 

486

 

 

10

 

 

Total assets at fair value

 

$8,801

 

 

$244

 

 

$8,524

 

 

$ 33

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Derivative liabilities

 

$   320

 

 

$  —

 

 

$   320

 

 

$ —

 

 

Other liabilities (1)

 

196

 

 

98

 

 

 

 

98

 

 

Total liabilities at fair value

 

$   516

 

 

$  98

 

 

$   320

 

 

$ 98

 

 

 

(1) Includes liabilities associated with deferred compensation plans and financial guarantees.

 

The changes in Level 3 assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2008, respectively, are summarized in the following tables. The increase in trading securities included the purchase of corporate and municipal bonds. Trading securities and derivative asset gains and losses (realized/unrealized) included in earnings are classified in “other noninterest income” on the consolidated statements of income. The fair value of derivative assets was also impacted by settlements of warrants. Other Level 3 liabilities included a financial guarantee related to auction-rate securities and a liability under an indemnification agreement related to the sale of the Corporation’s remaining ownership of Visa shares, discussed in “Financial Guarantees” above.  The gains and losses (realized/unrealized) related to these financial guarantees were included in “litigation and operational losses” and “net securities gains (losses),” respectively, on the consolidated statements of income.

 

25



Table of Contents

 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)

Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries

 

Note 13 — Fair Value (continued)

 

Three Months Ended September 30, 2008
(in millions)

 

Trading
Securities

 

Investment
Securities
Available-for-Sale

 

Derivative
Assets
(Warrants)

 

Other
Liabilities

 

Balance of recurring Level 3 assets at July 1, 2008

 

$—

 

 

$ 3

 

 

$10

 

 

$—

 

 

Total gains or losses (realized/unrealized):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Included in earnings-realized

 

 

 

 

 

1

 

 

 

 

Included in earnings-unrealized

 

 

 

 

 

1

 

 

98

 

 

Included in other comprehensive income

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Purchases, sales, issuances and settlements, net

 

17

 

 

 

 

(2

)

 

 

 

Transfers in and/or out of Level 3

 

3

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Balance of recurring Level 3 assets at September 30, 2008

 

$20

 

 

$ 3

 

 

$10

 

 

$98

 

 

 

Nine Months Ended June 30, 2008
(in millions)

 

Trading
Securities

 

Investment
Securities
Available-for-Sale

 

Derivative
Assets
(Warrants)

 

Other
Liabilities

 

Balance of recurring Level 3 assets at January 1, 2008

 

$—

 

 

$ 3

 

 

$23

 

 

$ —

 

 

Total gains or losses (realized/unrealized):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Included in earnings-realized

 

 

 

 

 

2

 

 

 

 

Included in earnings-unrealized

 

 

 

 

 

(7

)

 

98

 

 

Included in other comprehensive income

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Purchases, sales, issuances and settlements, net

 

17

 

 

 

 

(8

)

 

 

 

Transfers in and/or out of Level 3

 

3

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Balance of recurring Level 3 assets at September 30, 2008

 

$20

 

 

$ 3

 

 

$10

 

 

$98

 

 

 

Assets and Liabilities Recorded at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis

 

The Corporation may be required, from time to time, to measure certain assets at fair value on a nonrecurring basis in accordance with U.S. GAAP. These include assets that are measured at the lower of cost or market that were recognized at fair value below cost at the end of the period.  Assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis are included in the table below.

 

(in millions)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

September 30, 2008

 

Total

 

Level 1

 

Level 2

 

Level 3

 

Loans

 

$863

 

 

$—

 

 

$48

 

 

$815

 

 

Other assets (1)

 

107

 

 

 

 

10

 

 

97

 

 

Total assets at fair value

 

$970

 

 

$—

 

 

$58

 

 

$912

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total liabilities at fair value

 

$  —

 

 

$—

 

 

$—

 

 

$  —

 

 

 

(1) Includes private equity investments, loans held-for-sale, loan servicing rights and foreclosed assets.

 

26



Table of Contents

 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)

Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries

 

Note 14 — Business Segment Information

 

The Corporation has strategically aligned its operations into three major business segments: the Business Bank, the Retail Bank, and Wealth & Institutional Management. These business segments are differentiated based on the type of customer and the related products and services provided. In addition to the three major business segments, the Finance Division is also reported as a segment. The Finance segment includes the Corporation’s securities portfolio and asset and liability management activities.  This segment is responsible for managing the Corporation’s funding, liquidity and capital needs, performing interest sensitivity analysis and executing various strategies to manage the Corporation’s exposure to liquidity, interest rate risk, and foreign exchange risk. The Other category includes discontinued operations, the income and expense impact of equity and cash, tax benefits not assigned to specific business segments and miscellaneous other expenses of a corporate nature. Business segment results are produced by the Corporation’s internal management accounting system. This system measures financial results based on the internal business unit structure of the Corporation. Information presented is not necessarily comparable with similar information for any other financial institution. The management accounting system assigns balance sheet and income statement items to each business segment using certain methodologies, which are regularly reviewed and refined. For comparability purposes, amounts in all periods are based on business segments and methodologies in effect at September 30, 2008. These methodologies may be modified as the management accounting system is enhanced and changes occur in the organizational structure and/or product lines.

 

For a description of the business activities of each business segment and further information on the methodologies, which form the basis for these results, refer to Note 24 to the consolidated financial statements in the Corporation’s 2007 Annual Report.

 

27



Table of Contents

 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)

Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries

 

Note 14 — Business Segment Information (continued)

 

Business segment financial results for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 are shown in the table below.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Wealth &

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(dollar amounts in millions)

 

Business

 

Retail

 

Institutional

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2008

 

Bank

 

Bank

 

Management

 

Finance

 

 

Other   

 

Total

 

Earnings summary:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net interest income (expense) (FTE)

 

$

948

 

 

$

437

 

 

$

110

 

 

$

(80

)

 

$

(28

)

$

1,387

 

 

Provision for loan losses

 

404

 

 

79

 

 

13

 

 

 

 

(2

)

494

 

 

Noninterest income

 

240

 

 

208

 

 

220

 

 

55

 

 

(4

)

719

 

 

Noninterest expenses

 

536

 

 

466

 

 

342

 

 

8

 

 

(12

)

1,340

 

 

Provision (benefit) for income taxes (FTE)

 

64

 

 

33

 

 

(8

)

 

(23

)

 

13

 

79

 

 

Income from discontinued operations, net of tax

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income (loss)

 

$

184

 

 

$

67

 

 

$

(17

)

 

$

(10

)

 

$

(31

)

$

193

 

 

Net credit-related charge-offs

 

$

291

 

 

$

41

 

 

$

7

 

 

$

 

 

$

 

$

339

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Selected average balances:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Assets

 

$

41,938

 

 

$

7,096

 

 

$

4,625

 

 

$

9,693

 

 

$

1,565

 

$

64,917

 

 

Loans

 

41,076

 

 

6,329

 

 

4,481

 

 

3

 

 

19

 

51,908

 

 

Deposits

 

15,396

 

 

16,932

 

 

2,493

 

 

7,373

 

 

375

 

42,569

 

 

Liabilities

 

16,156

 

 

16,930

 

 

2,501

 

 

23,447

 

 

730

 

59,764

 

 

Attributed equity

 

3,255

 

 

679

 

 

335

 

 

909

 

 

(25

)

5,153

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Statistical data:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Return on average assets (1)

 

0.59

%

 

0.51

%

 

(0.50

)%

 

N/M

 

 

N/M

 

0.40

%

 

Return on average attributed equity

 

7.56

 

 

13.19

 

 

(6.86

)

 

N/M

 

 

N/M

 

5.00

 

 

Net interest margin (2)

 

3.07

 

 

3.44

 

 

3.26

 

 

N/M

 

 

N/M

 

3.08

 

 

Efficiency ratio

 

45.67

 

 

77.94

 

 

103.78

 

 

N/M

 

 

N/M

 

65.58

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Wealth &

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Business

 

Retail

 

Institutional

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2007

 

Bank

 

Bank

 

Management

 

Finance

 

 

Other   

 

Total

 

Earnings summary:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net interest income (expense) (FTE)

 

$

1,019

 

 

$

510

 

 

$

109

 

 

$

(104

)

 

$

(17

)

$

1,517

 

 

Provision for loan losses

 

89

 

 

16

 

 

(4

)

 

 

 

3

 

104

 

 

Noninterest income

 

211

 

 

165

 

 

211

 

 

49

 

 

22

 

658

 

 

Noninterest expenses

 

523

 

 

472

 

 

236

 

 

8

 

 

2

 

1,241

 

 

Provision (benefit) for income taxes (FTE)

 

194

 

 

64

 

 

31

 

 

(31

)

 

7

 

265

 

 

Income from discontinued operations, net of tax

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2

 

2

 

 

Net income (loss)

 

$

424

 

 

$

123

 

 

$

57

 

 

$

(32

)

 

$

(5

)

$

567

 

 

Net credit-related charge-offs

 

$

67

 

 

$

20

 

 

$

2

 

 

$

 

 

$

 

$

89

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Selected average balances:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Assets

 

$

40,570

 

 

$

6,841

 

 

$

4,021

 

 

$

5,294

 

 

$

1,197

 

$

57,923

 

 

Loans

 

39,531

 

 

6,102

 

 

3,867

 

 

7

 

 

18

 

49,525

 

 

Deposits

 

16,361

 

 

17,123

 

 

2,330

 

 

6,023

 

 

(50

)

41,787

 

 

Liabilities

 

17,202

 

 

17,136

 

 

2,335

 

 

15,876

 

 

309

 

52,858

 

 

Attributed equity

 

2,889

 

 

843

 

 

325

 

 

595

 

 

413

 

5,065

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Statistical data:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Return on average assets (1)

 

1.39

%

 

0.91

%

 

1.89

%

 

N/M

 

 

N/M

 

1.30

%

 

Return on average attributed equity

 

19.54

 

 

19.43

 

 

23.42

 

 

N/M

 

 

N/M

 

14.92

 

 

Net interest margin (2)

 

3.44

 

 

3.98

 

 

3.74

 

 

N/M

 

 

N/M

 

3.75

 

 

Efficiency ratio

 

42.81

 

 

69.90

 

 

73.69

 

 

N/M

 

 

N/M

 

57.20

 

 

 

(1)

Return on average assets is calculated based on the greater of average assets or average liabilities and attributed equity.

(2)

Net interest margin is calculated based on the greater of average earning assets or average deposits and purchased funds.

FTE

— Fully Taxable Equivalent

N/M

— Not Meaningful

 

28



Table of Contents

 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)

Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries

 

Note 14 — Business Segment Information (continued)

 

The Corporation’s management accounting system also produces market segment results for the Corporation’s four primary geographic markets: Midwest, Western, Texas and Florida.  In addition to the four primary geographic markets, Other Markets and International are also reported as market segments.  Market segment results are provided as supplemental information to the business segment results and  may not meet all operating segment criteria as set forth in Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 131, “Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information,” (SFAS 131).

 

The Midwest market consists of operations located in the states of Michigan, Ohio and Illinois. Currently, Michigan operations represent the significant majority of the Midwest market.

 

The Western market consists of the states of California, Arizona, Nevada, Colorado and Washington. Currently, California operations represent the significant majority of the Western market.

 

The Texas and Florida markets consist of operations located in the states of Texas and Florida, respectively.

 

Other Markets include businesses with a national perspective, the Corporation’s investment management and trust alliance businesses as well as activities in all other markets in which the Corporation has operations, except for the International market, as described below.

 

The International market represents the activity of the Corporation’s international finance division, which provides banking services primarily to foreign-owned, North American-based companies and secondarily to international operations of North American-based companies.

 

The Finance & Other Businesses segment includes the Corporation’s securities portfolio, asset and liability management activities, discontinued operations, the income and expense impact of equity and cash not assigned to specific business/market segments, tax benefits not assigned to specific business/market segments and miscellaneous other expenses of a corporate nature. This segment includes responsibility for managing the Corporation’s funding, liquidity and capital needs, performing interest sensitivity analysis and executing various strategies to manage the Corporation’s exposure to liquidity, interest rate risk and foreign exchange risk.

 

29



Table of Contents

 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)

Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries

 

Note 14 — Business Segment Information (continued)

 

Market segment financial results for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 are shown in the table below.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Finance

 

 

(dollar amounts in millions)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Other

 

 

 

 

& Other

 

 

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2008

 

 

Midwest

 

 

Western

 

 

Texas

 

 

Florida

 

 

Markets

 

International

 

Businesses

 

Total

 

Earnings summary:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net interest income (expense) (FTE)

 

$

575

 

$

512

 

$

220

 

$

35

 

$

108

 

$

45

 

$

(108

)

$

1,387

 

Provision for loan losses

 

96

 

309

 

32

 

26

 

35

 

(2

)

(2

)

494

 

Noninterest income

 

414

 

105

 

74

 

12

 

39

 

24

 

51

 

719

 

Noninterest expenses

 

595

 

335

 

182

 

32

 

169

 

31

 

(4

)

1,340

 

Provision (benefit) for income
taxes (FTE)

 

107

 

(6

)

31

 

(4

)

(54

)

15

 

(10

)

79

 

Income from discontinued operations, net of tax

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income (loss)

 

$

191

 

$

(21

)

$

49

 

$

(7

)

$

(3

)

$

25

 

$

(41

)

$

193

 

Net credit-related charge-offs

 

$

114

 

$

176

 

$

17

 

$

21

 

$

10

 

$

1

 

$

 

$

339

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Selected average balances:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Assets

 

$

19,788

 

$

17,042

 

$

7,980

 

$

1,882

 

$

4,571

 

$

2,396

 

$

11,258

 

$

64,917

 

Loans

 

19,137

 

16,725

 

7,710

 

1,876

 

4,162

 

2,276

 

22

 

51,908

 

Deposits

 

16,035

 

12,305

 

4,007

 

310

 

1,379

 

785

 

7,748

 

42,569

 

Liabilities

 

16,702

 

12,288

 

4,023

 

305

 

1,479

 

790

 

24,177

 

59,764

 

Attributed equity

 

1,647

 

1,325

 

619

 

125

 

393

 

160

 

884

 

5,153

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Statistical data:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Return on average assets (1)

 

1.28

%

(0.17

)%

0.82

%

(0.46

)%

(0.08

)%

1.40

%

N/M

 

0.40

%

Return on average attributed equity

 

15.42

 

(2.13

)

10.58

 

(6.98

)

(0.93

)

20.92

 

N/M

 

5.00

 

Net interest margin (2)

 

3.98

 

4.07

 

3.79

 

2.53

 

3.44

 

2.58

 

N/M

 

3.08

 

Efficiency ratio

 

63.63

 

54.59

 

63.33

 

66.83

 

114.55

 

44.63

 

N/M

 

65.58

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Finance

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Other

 

 

 

 

& Other

 

 

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2007

 

 

Midwest

 

 

Western

 

 

Texas

 

 

Florida

 

 

Markets

 

International

 

 

Businesses

 

Total

 

Earnings summary:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net interest income (expense) (FTE)

 

$

675

 

$

562

 

$

213

 

$

35

 

$

101

 

$

52

 

$

(121

)

$

1,517

 

Provision for loan losses

 

68

 

16

 

 

6

 

23

 

(12

)

3

 

104

 

Noninterest income

 

351

 

96

 

63

 

11

 

38

 

28

 

71

 

658

 

Noninterest expenses

 

602

 

334

 

168

 

28

 

67

 

32

 

10

 

1,241

 

Provision (benefit) for income
taxes (FTE)

 

122

 

115

 

37

 

4

 

(10

)

21

 

(24

)

265

 

Income from discontinued operations, net of tax

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2

 

2

 

Net income (loss)

 

$

234

 

$

193

 

$

71

 

$

8

 

$

59

 

$

39

 

$

(37

)

$

567

 

Net credit-related charge-offs (recoveries)

 

$

73

 

$

6

 

$

6

 

$

2

 

$

8

 

$

(6

)

$

 

$

89

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Selected average balances:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Assets

 

$

19,174

 

$

17,046

 

$

6,913

 

$

1,673

 

$

4,383

 

$

2,243

 

$

6,491

 

$

57,923

 

Loans

 

18,599

 

16,501

 

6,640

 

1,656

 

3,990

 

2,114

 

25

 

49,525

 

Deposits

 

15,717

 

13,431

 

3,867

 

282

 

1,349

 

1,168

 

5,973

 

41,787

 

Liabilities

 

16,380

 

13,467

 

3,882

 

285

 

1,467

 

1,192

 

16,185

 

52,858

 

Attributed equity

 

1,708

 

1,195

 

583

 

91

 

323

 

157

 

1,008

 

5,065

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Statistical data:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Return on average assets (1)

 

1.62

%

1.51

%

1.36

%

0.61

%

1.80

%

2.34

%

N/M

 

1.30

%

Return on average attributed equity

 

18.22

 

21.56

 

16.19

 

11.08

 

24.39

 

33.43

 

N/M

 

14.92

 

Net interest margin (2)

 

4.83

 

4.55

 

4.26

 

2.80

 

3.37

 

3.21

 

N/M

 

3.75

 

Efficiency ratio

 

58.91

 

50.80

 

60.84

 

61.13

 

47.97

 

41.62

 

N/M

 

57.20

 

 

(1)

Return on average assets is calculated based on the greater of average assets or average liabilities and attributed equity.

(2)

Net interest margin is calculated based on the greater of average earning assets or average deposits and purchased funds.

FTE—Fully Taxable Equivalent

N/M—Not Meaningful

 

30



Table of Contents

 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)

Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries

 

Note 15 — Discontinued Operations

 

In December 2006, the Corporation sold its ownership interest in Munder Capital Management (Munder) to an investor group. As a result of the sale transaction, the Corporation accounted for Munder as a discontinued operation and all prior periods presented have been restated. As such, Munder was reported in “Other” and “Finance & Other” for business and market segment reporting purposes, respectively.

 

The impact of discontinued operations was not material to net income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007.

 

Note 16 — Repurchase of Auction-Rate Securities

 

On September 18, 2008, the Corporation announced offers to repurchase, at par, auction-rate securities (ARS) held by certain retail and institutional clients that were purchased  through Comerica Securities, a broker/dealer subsidiary of Comerica Bank. ARS that are the subject of functioning auctions or current calls or redemptions are not eligible for repurchase. The repurchase offers commenced on October 1, 2008, and will continue through December 19, 2008.  The offers cover approximately $1.5 billion par value of eligible ARS.  The Corporation recognized a pre-tax charge of $96 million ($61 million after-tax, or $0.40 per diluted share) that primarily reflected the difference between the aggregate offered purchase price and the aggregate estimated fair value of the securities to be purchased.  The charge was recorded in “litigation and operational losses” on the consolidated statements of income. The impact of the charge and the commitment to repurchase the ARS reduced the Corporation’s Tier I capital ratio by approximately 22 basis points at September 30, 2008.

 

31



Table of Contents

 

ITEM 2.  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

 

Summary

 

Net income for the three months ended September 30, 2008 was $28 million, a decrease of $153 million, or 84 percent, from $181 million reported for the three months ended September 30, 2007.  Quarterly diluted net income per share decreased 84 percent to $0.19 in the third quarter 2008, compared to $1.18 in the same period one year ago.    Return on average common shareholders’ equity was 2.25 percent and return on average assets was 0.18 percent for the third quarter 2008, compared to 14.41 percent and 1.23 percent, respectively, for the comparable quarter of the prior year. The decrease in net income in the three months ended September 30, 2008 from the comparable prior year quarter reflected a $129 million increase in the provision for credit losses ($120 million increase in the provision for loan losses and $9 million increase in the provision for credit losses on lending-related commitments), from $45 million for the three months ended September 30, 2007.  Net securities gains increased $23 million from $4 million in the third quarter 2007 to $27 million in the third quarter 2008.  In addition, third quarter 2008 results reflected a pre-tax charge of $96 million ($61 million after-tax, or $0.40 per diluted share) related to an offer to repurchase, at par, auction-rate securities (ARS) held by certain customers.  For further information regarding ARS, refer to Note 16 to these consolidated financial statements. Third quarter 2008 also reflected net after-tax charges of $7 million related to pending settlements with the Internal Revenue Service on disallowed foreign tax credits related to a series of loans to foreign borrowers and certain structured leasing transactions, and other adjustments to tax reserves.

 

Net income for the first nine months of 2008 was $193 million, a decrease of $374 million, or 66 percent, from $567 million reported for the nine months ended September 30, 2007.  Diluted net income per share for the first nine months of 2008 decreased 65 percent to $1.28 per diluted share, compared to $3.63 per diluted share, for the comparable prior year period.  Return on average common shareholders’ equity was 5.00 percent and return on average assets was 0.40 percent for the first nine months of 2008, compared to 14.92 percent and 1.30 percent, respectively, for the first nine months of 2007.  The decrease in net income in the nine months ended September 30, 2008 from the comparable period last year reflected a $414 million increase in the provision for credit losses ($390 million increase in the provision for loan losses and $24 million increase in the provision for credit losses on lending-related commitments), from $100 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007.  Net securities gains increased $59 million, to $63 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2008, from $4 million in the comparable prior year period.  In addition to the third quarter 2008 items cited above, net income for the first nine months of 2008 also reflected second quarter 2008 pre-tax charges of $50 million ($32 million after-tax, or $0.21 per diluted share) related to an updated assessment of the timing of tax deductions on certain structured leasing transactions.

 

Full-year 2008 Outlook.

 

For full-year 2008, management expects the following compared to full-year 2007 from continuing operations:

 

·                  Low to mid single-digit full-year average loan growth, with loans declining in the fourth quarter 2008.

·                  Mortgage-backed FNMA and FHLMC securities (AAA-rated) averaging about $8 billion for the fourth quarter 2008. In addition, about $1.4 billion of ARS (net of $96 million pre-tax charge) will be repurchased in the fourth quarter 2008.

·                  Average full-year net interest margin about 3.05 percent (3.10 percent excluding the second and third quarter lease income charges), with a net interest margin in the low 2.90 percent range in the fourth quarter 2008.  The fourth quarter net interest margin reflects the three basis point negative impact of ARS repurchases and the two 50 basis point reductions in the federal funds rate announced on October 8, 2008 and October 29, 2008.

·                  Full-year net credit-related charge-offs of about $450 million.  The provision for credit losses is expected to exceed net charge-offs.

·                  Mid single-digit growth in noninterest income.

·                  Low single-digit increase in noninterest expenses (low single-digit decrease excluding the charge related to the offer to repurchase ARS).

·                  Effective tax rate of about 27 percent for the full year, with a rate of about 20 percent for the fourth quarter 2008.

 

On October 27, 2008, the Corporation announced it had received preliminary approval from the U.S. Treasury to participate in the Capital Purchase Program for the maximum amount of $2.25 billion of senior preferred shares. These shares would qualify as Tier 1 capital and are expected to increase the Corporation’s Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio from an estimated 7.35 percent at September 30, 2008, to an estimated 10.35 percent. For additional information regarding the Capital Purchase Program see page 47.

 

 

32



Table of Contents

 

Results of Operations

 

Net Interest Income

 

The rate-volume analysis in Table I details the components of the change in net interest income on a fully taxable equivalent (FTE) basis for the three months ended September 30, 2008 compared to the same period in the prior year. On a FTE basis, net interest income decreased $37 million to $467 million for the three months ended September 30, 2008, from $504 million for the comparable period in 2007. The decrease in net interest income in the third quarter 2008, compared to the same period in 2007, resulted primarily from a competitive loan and deposit pricing environment, a decrease in noninterest-bearing deposits in the Financial Services Division, a continued shift in funding sources toward higher-cost funds and the impact of a higher level of nonaccrual loans, partially offset by growth in investment securities and loans.  In addition, the third quarter 2008 net interest income reflected an $8 million tax-related non-cash charge to lease income.  The lease income charge reflected the reversal of previously recognized income, resulting from a projected change in the timing of income tax cash flows on certain structured leasing transactions.  The charge will fully reverse over the remaining lease terms (up to 19 years).  Further information about the charge can be found in the “Provision for Income Taxes and Tax-related Interest” in this financial review and Note 6 to these consolidated financial statements.  Average earning assets increased $5.3 billion, or 10 percent, to $59.9 billion in the third quarter 2008, compared to $54.6 billion in the third quarter 2007, due to a $3.7 billion increase in average investment securities available-for-sale to $8.1 billion and a $1.6 billion, or three percent, increase in average loans to $51.5 billion in the third quarter 2008. The net interest margin (FTE) for the three months ended September 30, 2008 was 3.11 percent, compared to 3.66 percent for the comparable period in 2007.  The decrease in the net interest margin (FTE) resulted primarily from the reduced contribution of noninterest-bearing funds in a lower rate environment, the change in earning assets noted above and changes in the mix of interest-bearing sources of funds.  The third quarter 2008 lease income charge discussed above reduced the net interest margin by six basis points.

 

Table II provides an analysis of net interest income for the first nine months of 2008 compared to the same period in the prior year. On a FTE basis, net interest income for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 was $1.4 billion, compared to $1.5 billion for the same period in 2007, a decrease of $130 million. The decline in net interest income was primarily due to the reasons cited in the quarterly discussion above.  The nine months ended September 30, 2008 included $38 million of tax-related non-cash charges to lease income as described in the quarterly discussion above.  Average earning assets increased $6.2 billion, or 11 percent, to $60.2 billion, in the nine months ended September 30, 2008, compared to $54.0 billion in the same period in the prior year, due to a $3.8 billion increase in average investment securities available-for-sale to $7.9 billion and a $2.4 billion, or five percent, increase in average loans to $51.9 billion in the nine months ended September 30, 2008.  The net interest margin (FTE) for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 decreased to 3.08 percent from 3.75 percent for the same period in 2007, primarily for the reasons cited in the quarterly discussion above.  The lease income charge discussed above reduced the net interest margin by eight basis points for the nine months ended September 30, 2008.

 

The Financial Services Division serves title and escrow companies that facilitate residential mortgage transactions and benefits from customer deposits related to mortgage escrow balances. Financial Services Division customers deposit large balances (primarily noninterest-bearing) and the Corporation pays certain expenses on behalf of such customers (“customer services” expense included in “noninterest expenses” on the consolidated statements of income) and/or makes low-rate loans (included in “net interest income” on the consolidated statements of income) to such customers.  Footnote (1) to Tables I and II displays average Financial Services Division loans and deposits, with related interest income/expense and average rates.  As shown in footnote (2) to Tables I and II, the impact of Financial Services Division loans (primarily low-rate) on net interest margin (assuming the loans were funded by Financial Services Division noninterest-bearing deposits) was a decrease of one basis point and two basis points in the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2008, respectively, compared to a decrease of seven basis points and nine basis points for the comparable periods in the prior year. Deposits in the Financial Services Division declined due to cooling of the California housing market, combined with destabilization of the mortgage market.

 

For further discussion of the effects of market rates on net interest income, refer to “Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk.”

 

Management currently expects average full-year 2008 net interest margin about 3.05 percent (3.10 percent excluding the second and third quarter lease income charges), with a net interest margin in the low 2.90 percent range in the fourth quarter 2008.  The fourth quarter net interest margin reflects the three basis point negative impact of ARS repurchases and the two 50 basis point reductions in the federal funds rate announced on October 8, 2008 and October 29, 2008.

 

33



Table of Contents

 

Table I — Quarterly Analysis of Net Interest Income & Rate/Volume - Fully Taxable Equivalent (FTE)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Three Months Ended

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

September 30, 2008

 

September 30, 2007

 

 

 

 

Average

 

 

 

Average

 

Average

 

 

 

Average

(dollar amounts in millions)

 

 

Balance

 

Interest

 

Rate

 

Balance

 

Interest

 

Rate

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Commercial loans (1) (2)

 

$  28,521

 

$    347

 

4.85

%

$  28,052

 

$    520

 

7.37

%

Real estate construction loans

 

4,675

 

55

 

4.65

 

4,607

 

97

 

8.33

 

Commercial mortgage loans

 

10,511

 

142

 

5.38

 

9,829

 

181

 

7.30

 

Residential mortgage loans

 

1,870

 

28

 

5.92

 

1,865

 

29

 

6.12

 

Consumer loans

 

2,599

 

31

 

4.83

 

2,320

 

41

 

7.06

 

Lease financing (3)

 

1,365

 

4

 

1.07

 

1,319

 

11

 

3.25

 

International loans

 

1,967

 

24

 

4.85

 

1,882

 

33

 

6.98

 

Business loan swap income (expense)

 

 

4

 

 

 

(16

)

 

Total loans (2)

 

51,508

 

635

 

4.91

 

49,874

 

896

 

7.13

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Investment securities available-for-sale

 

8,146

 

99

 

4.85

 

4,405

 

52

 

4.60

 

Federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreements to resell

 

70

 

 

1.87

 

99

 

1

 

5.25

 

Other short-term investments

 

222

 

2

 

3.49

 

263

 

4

 

5.27

 

Total earning assets

 

59,946

 

736

 

4.89

 

54,641

 

953

 

6.91

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash and due from banks

 

1,228

 

 

 

 

 

1,351

 

 

 

 

 

Allowance for loan losses

 

(723

)

 

 

 

 

(521

)

 

 

 

 

Accrued income and other assets

 

4,412

 

 

 

 

 

3,075

 

 

 

 

 

Total assets

 

$  64,863

 

 

 

 

 

$  58,546

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Money market and NOW deposits (1)

 

$  14,204

 

45

 

1.26

 

$  14,996

 

119

 

3.14

 

Savings deposits

 

1,350

 

1

 

0.42

 

1,380

 

3

 

0.97

 

Customer certificates of deposit

 

7,690

 

53

 

2.73

 

7,702

 

87

 

4.48

 

Institutional certificates of deposit

 

5,209

 

37

 

2.81

 

5,170

 

72

 

5.49

 

Foreign office time deposits

 

814

 

5

 

2.51

 

1,028

 

13

 

4.96

 

Total interest-bearing deposits

 

29,267

 

141

 

1.92

 

30,276

 

294

 

3.85

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Short-term borrowings

 

5,413

 

30

 

2.20

 

2,278

 

29

 

5.15

 

Medium- and long-term debt

 

12,880

 

98

 

3.02

 

8,852

 

126

 

5.61

 

Total interest-bearing sources

 

47,560

 

269

 

2.25

 

41,406

 

449

 

4.29

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Noninterest-bearing deposits (1)

 

10,646

 

 

 

 

 

10,840

 

 

 

 

 

Accrued expenses and other liabilities

 

1,582

 

 

 

 

 

1,285

 

 

 

 

 

Shareholders’ equity

 

5,075

 

 

 

 

 

5,015

 

 

 

 

 

Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity

 

$  64,863

 

 

 

 

 

$  58,546

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net interest income/rate spread (FTE)

 

 

 

$    467

 

2.64

 

 

 

$    504

 

2.62

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

FTE adjustment

 

 

 

$        1

 

 

 

 

 

$        1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Impact of net noninterest-bearing sources of funds

 

 

 

 

 

0.47

 

 

 

 

 

1.04

 

Net interest margin (as a percentage of average earning assets) (FTE) (2) (3)

 

 

 

 

 

3.11

%

 

 

 

 

3.66

%

N/M — Not meaningful

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(1) FSD balances included above:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Loans (primarily low-rate)

 

$       401

 

$        2

 

1.74

%

$   1,191

 

$        2

 

0.71

%

Interest-bearing deposits

 

907

 

4

 

1.65

 

1,214

 

12

 

4.06

 

Noninterest-bearing deposits

 

1,542

 

2,575

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(2) Impact of FSD loans (primarily low-rate) on the following:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Commercial loans

 

 

 

 

 

(0.05

)%

 

 

 

 

(0.30

)%

Total loans

 

 

 

 

 

(0.02

)

 

 

 

 

(0.16

)

Net interest margin (FTE) (assuming loans were funded by noninterest-bearing deposits)

 

 

 

 

 

(0.01

)

 

 

 

 

(0.07

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(3) Third quarter 2008 net interest income declined $8 million and the net interest margin declined six basis points, due to a tax-related non-cash lease income charge.  Excluding this charge, the net interest margin would have been 3.17% in the third quarter 2008.

 

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Table of Contents

 

Table I — Quarterly Analysis of Net Interest Income & Rate/Volume – Fully Taxable Equivalent (FTE) (continued)

 

 

 

Three Months Ended
September 30, 2008/September 30, 2007

 

 

 

Increase

 

Increase

 

Net

 

 

 

(Decrease)

 

(Decrease)

 

Increase

 

(in millions)

 

Due to Rate

 

Due to Volume*

 

(Decrease)

 

Loans

 

$

(281

)

 

$

20

 

 

$

(261

)

 

Investment securities available-for-sale

 

2

 

 

45

 

 

47

 

 

Federal funds sold and securites purchased under agreements to repurchase

 

(1

)

 

 

 

(1

)

 

Other short-term investments

 

(1

)

 

(1

)

 

(2

)

 

Total earning assets

 

(281

)

 

64

 

 

(217

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest-bearing deposits

 

(149

)

 

(4

)

 

(153

)

 

Short-term borrowings

 

(17

)

 

18

 

 

1

 

 

Medium- and long-term debt

 

(58

)

 

30

 

 

(28

)

 

Total interest-bearing sources

 

(224

)

 

44

 

 

(180

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net interest income/rate spread (FTE)

 

$

(57

)

 

$

20

 

 

$

(37

)

 

 

*                 Rate/Volume variances are allocated to variances due to volume.

 

35



Table of Contents

 

Table II — Year-to-date Analysis of Net Interest Income & Rate/Volume - Fully Taxable Equivalent (FTE)

 

 

 

Nine Months Ended

 

 

 

September 30, 2008

 

September 30, 2007

 

 

 

 

Average

 

 

 

 

 

 

Average

 

 

 

 

 

 

(dollar amounts in millions)

 

 

Balance

 

 

Interest

 

Average Rate

 

Balance

 

 

Interest

 

Average Rate

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Commercial loans (1) (2)

 

$

28,992

 

$

1,135

 

5.23

%

$

28,046

 

$

1,538

 

7.33

%

Real estate construction loans

 

4,776

 

184

 

5.16

 

4,454

 

282

 

8.47

 

Commercial mortgage loans

 

10,343

 

442

 

5.71

 

9,713

 

534

 

7.35

 

Residential mortgage loans

 

1,898

 

85

 

5.99

 

1,788

 

82

 

6.12

 

Consumer loans

 

2,532

 

100

 

5.29

 

2,351

 

125

 

7.12

 

Lease financing (3)

 

1,354

 

(4

)

N/M

 

1,293

 

32

 

3.26

 

International loans

 

2,013

 

79

 

5.24

 

1,880

 

99

 

7.07

 

Business loan swap income (expense)

 

 

19

 

 

 

(61

)

 

Total loans (2)

 

51,908

 

2,040

 

5.25

 

49,525

 

2,631

 

7.10

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Investment securities available-for-sale

 

7,889

 

288

 

4.88

 

4,080

 

140

 

4.47

 

Federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreements to resell

 

100

 

2

 

2.40

 

189

 

8

 

5.36

 

Other short-term investments

 

286

 

8

 

3.93

 

242

 

10

 

5.73

 

Total earning assets

 

60,183

 

2,338

 

5.19

 

54,036

 

2,789

 

6.89

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash and due from banks

 

1,228

 

 

 

 

 

1,390

 

 

 

 

 

Allowance for loan losses

 

(661

)

 

 

 

 

(513

)

 

 

 

 

Accrued income and other assets

 

4,167

 

 

 

 

 

3,010

 

 

 

 

 

Total assets

 

$

64,917

 

 

 

 

 

$

57,923

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Money market and NOW deposits (1)

 

$

14,774

 

170

 

1.54

 

$

14,858

 

344

 

3.09

 

Savings deposits

 

1,371

 

5

 

0.50

 

1,393

 

9

 

0.91

 

Customer certificates of deposit

 

8,003

 

200

 

3.35

 

7,505

 

250

 

4.46

 

Institutional certificates of deposit

 

6,719

 

176

 

3.49

 

5,490

 

224

 

5.45

 

Foreign office time deposits

 

1,064

 

25

 

3.09

 

1,001

 

37

 

4.92

 

Total interest-bearing deposits

 

31,931

 

576

 

2.41

 

30,247

 

864

 

3.82

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Short-term borrowings

 

4,084

 

78

 

2.54

 

1,919

 

75

 

5.24

 

Medium- and long-term debt

 

11,597

 

297

 

3.42

 

7,865

 

333

 

5.65

 

Total interest-bearing sources

 

47,612

 

951

 

2.67

 

40,031

 

1,272

 

4.25

 

Noninterest-bearing deposits (1)

 

10,638

 

 

 

 

 

11,540

 

 

 

 

 

Accrued expenses and other liabilities

 

1,514

 

 

 

 

 

1,287

 

 

 

 

 

Shareholders’ equity

 

5,153

 

 

 

 

 

5,065

 

 

 

 

 

Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity

 

$

64,917

 

 

 

 

 

$

57,923

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net interest income/rate spread (FTE)

 

 

 

$

1,387

 

2.52

 

 

 

$

1,517

 

2.64

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

FTE adjustment

 

 

 

$

3

 

 

 

 

 

$

3

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Impact of net noninterest-bearing sources of funds

 

 

 

 

 

0.56

 

 

 

 

 

1.11

 

Net interest margin (as a percentage of average earning assets) (FTE) (2) (3)

 

 

 

 

 

3.08

%

 

 

 

 

3.75

%

N/M — Not meaningful

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(1) FSD balances included above:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Loans (primarily low-rate)

 

$

557

 

$

6

 

1.36

%

$

1,445

 

$

7

 

0.63

%

Interest-bearing deposits

 

998

 

16

 

2.11

 

1,230

 

36

 

3.95

 

Noninterest-bearing deposits

 

1,752

 

 

 

 

 

3,097

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(2) Impact of FSD loans (primarily low-rate) on the following:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Commerical loans

 

 

 

 

 

(0.07

)%

 

 

 

 

(0.36

)%

Total loans

 

 

 

 

 

(0.04

)

 

 

 

 

(0.20

)

Net interest margin (FTE) (assuming loans were funded by noninterest-bearing deposits)

 

 

 

 

 

(0.02

)

 

 

 

 

(0.09

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(3) Year-to-date 2008 net interest income declined $38 million and the net interest margin declined eight basis points due to tax-related non-cash lease income charges. Excluding these charges, the net interest margin would have been 3.16%.

 

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Table of Contents

 

Table II — Year-to-date Analysis of Net Interest Income & Rate/Volume -Fully Taxable Equivalent (FTE) (continued)

 

 

 

Nine Months Ended

 

 

 

September 30, 2008/September 30, 2007

 

 

 

Increase

 

Increase

 

Net

 

 

 

(Decrease)

 

(Decrease)

 

Increase

 

(in millions)

 

Due to Rate

 

Due to Volume*

 

(Decrease)

 

Loans

 

$ (684

)

 

$  93

 

 

$ (591

)

 

Investment securities available-for-sale

 

9

 

 

139

 

 

148

 

 

Federal funds sold and securites purchased under agreements to repurchase

 

(4

)

 

(2

)

 

(6

)

 

Other short-term investments

 

(4

)

 

2

 

 

(2

)

 

Total earning assets

 

(683

)

 

232

 

 

(451

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest-bearing deposits

 

(333

)

 

45

 

 

(288

)

 

Short term borrowings

 

(39

)

 

42

 

 

3

 

 

Medium- and long-term debt

 

(131

)

 

95

 

 

(36

)

 

Total interest-bearing sources

 

(503

)

 

182

 

 

(321

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net interest income/rate spread (FTE)

 

$ (180

)

 

$  50

 

 

$ (130

)

 

 

* Rate/Volume variances are allocated to variances due to volume.

 

Provision for Credit Losses

 

The provision for loan losses was $165 million for the third quarter 2008, compared to $45 million for the same period in 2007.  The provision for loan losses for the first nine months of 2008 was $494 million, compared to $104 million for the same period in 2007.  The Corporation establishes this provision to maintain an adequate allowance for loan losses, which is discussed under the “Credit Risk” subheading in the section entitled “Risk Management” of this financial review.  The increases in the provision for loan losses in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008, when compared to the same periods in 2007, resulted primarily from challenges in the residential real estate development industry located in the Western market (primarily California) and in the Middle Market and Small Business loan portfolios.  National growth has been hampered by turmoil in the financial markets, declining home values and rising unemployment rates.  California lagged national growth primarily due to continued problems in the state’s real estate sector and job growth that was trailing national performance.  Evidence of real estate weakness in California included the continued downtrend of median sales prices of existing single-family homes and residential building permits (January through August), which declined 45 percent from one year ago.  Michigan is continuing to contract for a fifth consecutive year.  The average Michigan Business Activity index for the first eight months of 2008 was running three percent below the average for all of 2007.  The Michigan Business Activity index represents nine different measures of Michigan economic activity compiled by the Corporation.  The sharp decline in car sales nationally along with the restructuring in the auto sector due to the shift by consumers toward fuel efficient vehicles were major factors holding back the Michigan economy.  A wide variety of economic reports consistently show that Texas was continuing to outperform the nation in 2008, though growth has clearly slowed from the rapid pace seen in 2007.  Growth in Texas continued to benefit from its strong energy sector and a much more modest retrenchment in homebuilding than in most other states, though growth was slowing due to a softening of demand for goods and services in national and global markets.  Forward-looking indicators suggest that economic conditions in the Corporation’s primary markets are likely to deteriorate relative to recent trends for the remainder of 2008 as a national recession takes hold.

 

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Table of Contents

 

The provision for credit losses on lending-related commitments was $9 million and $20 million for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2008, respectively, compared to a provision of zero and a negative provision of $4 million for the comparable periods in 2007.  The Corporation establishes this provision to maintain an adequate allowance to cover probable credit losses inherent in lending-related commitments.  The increase in the three month period ended September 30, 2008, when compared to the same period in 2007, was primarily the result of an increase in specific reserves related to standby letters of credit extended to customers in the Michigan commercial real estate industry. The increase in the nine month period ended September 30, 2008 from the comparable period in 2007 was primarily the result of specific reserves related to unused commitments extended to customers in the Michigan commercial real estate and California residential real estate development industries and standby letters of credit extended to customers in the Michigan commercial real estate industry.

 

Management currently expects full-year net credit-related charge-offs of about $450 million.  The provision for credit losses is expected to exceed net charge-offs.

 

Noninterest Income

 

Noninterest income was $240 million for the three months ended September 30, 2008, an increase of $10 million, or four percent, compared to $230 million for the same period in 2007.  The increase in noninterest income in the third quarter 2008, compared to the third quarter 2007, was primarily due to increases in net securities gains ($23 million), including a $27 million gain on the sale of the Corporation’s remaining ownership of Visa shares, partially offset by decreases in net income from principal investing and warrants ($10 million) and deferred compensation asset returns ($4 million).  Changes in deferred compensation asset returns are offset by changes in deferred compensation plan costs in noninterest expenses.

 

Noninterest income was $719 million for the first nine months of 2008, an increase of $61 million, or nine percent, compared to the same period in 2007, due primarily to a $59 million increase in net securities gains, resulting from first and third quarter 2008 gains on the sale of Visa shares ($48 million), and a $14 million gain on the sale of MasterCard shares in the second quarter 2008.  In addition, results from the first nine months of 2008, when compared to the same period in 2007, reflected increases in service charges on deposit accounts ($10 million), fiduciary income ($5 million), letter of credit fees ($5 million), card fees ($5 million) and investment banking fees ($5 million), offset by decreases in net income from principal investing and warrants ($19 million) and deferred compensation asset returns ($13 million).  Changes in deferred compensation asset returns are offset by changes in deferred compensation plan costs in noninterest expenses.

 

Management currently expects mid single-digit growth in noninterest income in full-year 2008.

 

Noninterest Expenses

 

Noninterest expenses were $514 million for the three months ended September 30, 2008, an increase of $91 million, or 21 percent, from $423 million for the comparable period in 2007.  The increase in noninterest expenses in the third quarter 2008, compared to the third quarter 2007, reflected increases in litigation and operational losses ($99 million), the provision for credit losses on lending-related commitments ($9 million) and net occupancy expense ($6 million), partially offset by decreases in salaries and employee benefits ($18 million) and customer services expense ($9 million).  The increase in litigation and operational losses reflected the $96 million charge related to the offer to repurchase, at par, auction-rate securities (ARS) held by certain customers.  For further information regarding ARS, refer to Note 16 of these consolidated financial statements.  The provision for credit losses on lending-related commitments increased for the reasons cited in the “Provision for Credit Losses” section above.  As detailed in the table below, total salaries expense decreased $15 million, or seven percent, for the three months ended September 30, 2008, compared to the same period in 2007, primarily due to a $13 million decrease resulting from the refinement in the application of Financial Accounting Standards No. 91, “Accounting for Loan Origination Fees and Costs,” (SFAS 91) as described in Note 1 to these consolidated financial statements.  Customer services expense represents certain expenses paid on behalf of particular customers, and is one method used to attract and retain title and escrow depositions in the Corporation’s Financial Services Division.  The amount of customer services expense varies from period to period as a result of changes in this Division’s level of noninterest-bearing deposits and low-rate loans, the earnings credit allowances provided on these deposits and a competitive environment.

 

38



Table of Contents

 

The following table summarizes the various components of salaries and employee benefits expense.

 

 

 

Three Months Ended

 

Nine Months Ended

 

 

 

September 30,

 

September 30,

 

(in millions)

 

2008

 

2007

 

2008

 

2007

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Salaries

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Salaries - regular

 

$155

 

 

$162

 

 

$457

 

 

$472

 

 

Severance

 

2

 

 

 

 

5

 

 

1

 

 

Incentives

 

31

 

 

35

 

 

98

 

 

102

 

 

Deferred compensation plan costs

 

(6

)

 

(2

)

 

(7

)

 

6

 

 

Share-based compensation

 

10

 

 

12

 

 

41

 

 

47

 

 

Total salaries

 

192

 

 

207

 

 

594

 

 

628

 

 

Employee benefits

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Pension expense

 

 

 

9

 

 

15

 

 

27

 

 

Other employee benefits

 

41

 

 

40

 

 

126

 

 

118

 

 

Total employee benefits

 

46

 

 

49

 

 

141

 

 

145

 

 

Total salaries and employee benefits

 

$238

 

 

$256

 

 

$735

 

 

$773

 

 

 

Noninterest expenses were $1.3 billion for the first nine months of 2008, an increase of $99 million, or eight percent, from $1.2 billion for the comparable period in 2007.  Noninterest expenses in the first nine months of 2008, compared to the first nine months of 2007, reflected increases in litigation and operational losses ($100 million), the provision for credit losses on lending-related commitments ($24 million), net occupancy expense ($12 million), software expense ($11 million), and outside processing fees ($10 million), partially offset by decreases in salaries ($34 million) and customer services expense ($25 million).  The increase in litigation and operational losses in the first nine months of 2008, compared to the same period in 2007, reflected the $96 million charge in the third quarter 2008 related to the offer to repurchase ARS, as discussed above, the first quarter 2008 reversal of a $13 million Visa loss sharing expense and the second quarter 2007 recognition of $8 million of insurance settlement proceeds. The refinement in the application of SFAS 91, as described in Note 1 to these consolidated financial statements, resulted in a $36 million reduction in salaries expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2008.  The increase in the provision for credit losses on lending related commitments and the decline in customer service expense were for the same reasons cited in the quarterly discussion above.

 

Management currently expects a low single-digit increase in noninterest expenses (low single-digit decrease excluding the charge related to the offer to repurchase ARS).

 

Provision for Income Taxes and Tax-related Interest

 

The provision for income taxes for the third quarter 2008 was less than $0.5 million. The provision for the third quarter 2007 was $85 million, which reflected an effective tax rate of 32 percent. The provision for the three months ended September 30, 2008 reflected the impact of a consistent level of permanent differences on lower pre-tax income and net after-tax charges of $1 million which included the acceptance of a global settlement offered by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) on certain structured leasing transactions, settlement with the IRS on disallowed foreign tax credits related to a series of loans to foreign borrowers and other adjustments to tax reserves.  For the nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, the provision for income taxes was $76 million and $262 million, respectively.  The effective tax rate was 28 percent and 32 percent for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively.  The provision for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 also reflected the impact of lower pre-tax income and included an additional after-tax charge of $13 million related to the structured leasing transactions, which was recorded in the second quarter 2008.  Further information on the provision for income taxes and tax-related interest can be found in Note 6 to these consolidated financial statements.

 

Management currently expects an effective tax rate for the full-year 2008 of about 27 percent, with a rate of about 20 percent for the fourth quarter 2008.

 

39



Table of Contents

 

Business Segments

 

The Corporation’s operations are strategically aligned into three major business segments: the Business Bank, the Retail Bank, and Wealth & Institutional Management. These business segments are differentiated based on the products and services provided.  In addition to the three major business segments, the Finance Division is also reported as a segment. The Other category includes discontinued operations and items not directly associated with these business segments or the Finance Division.  Note 14 to these consolidated financial statements presents financial results of these business segments for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007. For a description of the business activities of each business segment and the methodologies which form the basis for these results, refer to Note 14 to these consolidated financial statements and Note 24 to these consolidated financial statements in the Corporation’s 2007 Annual Report.

 

The following table presents net income (loss) by business segment.

 

 

 

                Nine Months Ended September 30,

 

(dollar amounts in millions)

 

                   2008

 

            2007

 

Business Bank

 

$184

 

78

%

$424

 

71

%

 

Retail Bank

 

67

 

29

 

123

 

20

 

 

Wealth & Institutional Management

 

(17

)

(7

)

57

 

9

 

 

 

 

234

 

100

%

604

 

100

%

 

Finance

 

(10

)

 

 

(32

)

 

 

 

Other*

 

(31

)

 

 

(5

)

 

 

 

Total

 

$193

 

 

 

$567

 

 

 

 

 

* Includes discontinued operations and items not directly associated with the three major business segments or the Finance Division

 

The Business Bank’s net income of $184 million decreased $240 million, or 56 percent, for the nine months ended September 30, 2008, compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2007.  Net interest income (FTE) was $948 million, a decrease of $71 million from the comparable prior year period.  The decrease in net interest income (FTE) was primarily due to a decline in deposit spreads caused by a competitive rate environment and a $38 million tax-related non-cash charge to income related to certain structured leasing transactions, partially offset by the reduced negative impact of the Financial Services Division (see footnote (2) to Table II on page 36) and a $2.4 billion increase in average loans, excluding the Financial Services Division.  The provision for loan losses of $404 million increased $315 million, from a provision of $89 million in the comparable period in the prior year, primarily due to increases in reserves for the residential real estate development industry, mostly in California, and the Middle Market, Energy and Global Corporate loan portfolios. Noninterest income of $240 million increased $29 million from the comparable prior year period, primarily due to a $14 million gain on the sale of MasterCard shares in the second quarter 2008 and increases in foreign exchange income ($6 million), investment banking fees ($4 million), service charges on deposits ($4 million) and income from customer derivatives ($4 million), partially offset by a decline in warrant income ($4 million).  Noninterest expenses of $536 million increased $13 million from the same period in the prior year, primarily due to increases in the provision for credit losses on lending-related commitments ($18 million), allocated net overhead expenses ($21 million) and nominal increases in several other expense categories, partially offset by decreases in customer services expense ($24 million) and salaries ($13 million), resulting from the refinement in the application of SFAS 91, as described in Note 1 to these consolidated financial statements.

 

The Retail Bank’s net income decreased $56 million, or 45 percent, to $67 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2008, compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2007.  Net interest income (FTE) of $437 million decreased $73 million from the comparable prior year period, primarily due to a decline in deposit spreads caused by a competitive deposit pricing environment, partially offset by a $227 million increase in average loans.  The provision for loan losses increased $63 million from the comparable period in the prior year to $79 million, primarily due to increases in Small Business and home equity lending credit reserves.  Noninterest income of $208 million increased $43 million from the comparable prior year period, primarily due to a $48 million gain on the sale of Visa shares.  Noninterest expenses of $466 million decreased $6 million from the same period in the prior year, primarily due to the first quarter 2008 reversal of a $13 million Visa loss sharing expense and a $17 million decrease in salaries resulting from the refinement in the application of SFAS 91, as described in Note 1 to these consolidated financial statements, partially offset by increases in net occupancy expense ($8 million), resulting primarily from new banking centers, allocated net corporate overhead expenses ($5 million), advertising expenses ($5 million) and salaries and employee benefits expense ($5 million).

 

40



Table of Contents

 

Wealth & Institutional Management’s net income decreased $74 million to a net loss of $17 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2008, from net income of $57 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2007.  Net interest income (FTE) of $110 million was relatively unchanged from the comparable period in the prior year as decreases in loan and deposit spreads were offset by increases in average loan and deposit balances.  The provision for loan losses increased $17 million from the comparable period in the prior year, primarily due to an increase in reserves for the Private Banking loan portfolio.  Noninterest income of $220 million increased $9 million from the comparable period in the prior year, primarily due to increases in fiduciary income ($4 million) and insurance commission income ($3 million).  Noninterest expenses of $342 million increased $106 million from the same period in the prior year, primarily due to a $96 million charge related to the offer to repurchase, at par, auction-rate securities (ARS), as described in Note 16 to these consolidated financial statements, and an increase in allocated net corporate overhead expenses ($4 million), partially offset by a $5 million decrease in salaries resulting from the refinement in the application of SFAS 91, as described in Note 1 to these consolidated financial statements.

 

The net loss for the Finance Division was $10 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2008, compared to a net loss of $32 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007.  Contributing to the decrease in net loss was a $24 million increase in net interest income (FTE), primarily due to an increase in investment securities available-for-sale, partially offset by the declining rate environment in which income received from the lending-related business decreased faster than the longer-term value attributed to deposits generated by the business units.

 

The net loss in the Other category was $31 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2008, compared to a net loss of $5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007, largely due to a $15 million decline in net income from principal investing and warrants.  The remaining decline in net income was due to timing differences between when corporate overhead expenses are reflected as a consolidated expense and when the expenses are allocated to the business segments.

 

Market Segments

 

The Corporation’s management accounting system also produces market segment results for the Corporation’s four primary geographic markets: Midwest, Western, Texas and Florida.  In addition to the four primary geographic markets, Other Markets and International are also reported as market segments.  Note 14 to these consolidated financial statements contains a description and presents financial results of these market segments for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007.

 

The following table presents net income (loss) by market segment.

 

 

 

                Nine Months Ended June 30,

(dollar amounts in millions)

 

                2008

 

                 2007

Midwest

 

$191

 

81

%

 

$234

 

38

%

 

Western

 

(21

)

(9

)

 

193

 

32

 

 

Texas

 

49

 

21

 

 

71

 

12

 

 

Florida

 

(7

)

(3

)

 

8

 

1

 

 

Other Markets

 

(3

)

(1

)

 

59

 

10

 

 

International

 

25

 

11

 

 

39

 

7

 

 

 

 

234

 

100

%

 

604

 

100

%

 

Finance & Other Businesses*

 

(41

)

 

 

 

(37

)

 

 

 

Total

 

$193

 

 

 

 

$567

 

 

 

 

 

* Includes discontinued operations and items not directly associated with the market segments

 

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The Midwest market’s net income decreased $43 million, or 18 percent, to $191 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2008, compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2007.  Net interest income (FTE) of $575 million decreased $100 million from the comparable period in the prior year, primarily due to a $38 million tax-related non-cash charge to income related to certain structured leasing transactions, a decline in deposit spreads caused by a competitive deposit pricing environment and a decline in loan spreads, partially offset by increases in average loan and deposit balances.  The provision for loan losses of $96 million increased $28 million the first nine months of 2008, compared to the first nine months of 2007, primarily due to increases in reserves for the Small Business, Middle Market and home equity lending loan portfolios.  Noninterest income of $414 million increased $63 million from the comparable period in the prior year due to a $39 million gain resulting from the first and third quarter 2008 sales of Visa shares, a $14 million gain on the sale of MasterCard shares in the second quarter 2008 and increases in bankcard fees ($5 million) and letter of credit fees ($4 million).  Noninterest expenses of $595 million decreased $7 million from the same period in the prior year, due to the first quarter 2008 reversal of a $10 million Visa loss sharing expense and a $23 million decrease in salaries resulting from the refinement in the application of SFAS 91, as described in Note 1 to these consolidated financial statements, partially offset by a $10 million increase in allocated net overhead expenses and a $10 million increase in provision for credit losses on lending-related commitments.

 

The Western market’s net income decreased $214 million to a net loss of $21 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2008, compared to net income of $193 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007.  Net interest income (FTE) of $512 million decreased $50 million from the comparable prior year period, primarily due to a decline in deposit spreads caused by a competitive deposit pricing environment and a decline in loan spreads (excluding Financial Services Division), partially offset by the reduced negative impact of the Financial Services Division (see Footnote (2) to Table II on page 36) and a $1.1 billion increase in average loans, excluding the Financial Services Division.  The provision for loan losses of $309 million increased $293 million, primarily due to increases in reserves for the residential real estate development industry and the Middle Market and Small Business loan portfolios.  Noninterest income of $105 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2008, increased $9 million from the same period in 2007, primarily due to a $6 million increase in service charges on deposits and a $4 million increase in foreign exchange income.  Noninterest expenses of $335 million were relatively unchanged from the comparable period in the prior year as increases in allocated net overhead expenses ($10 million), net occupancy expense ($5 million), resulting primarily from new banking centers, the provision for credit losses on lending-related commitments ($3 million), advertising ($3 million) and nominal increases in several other expense categories were partially offset by a $25 million decrease in customer services expense and a $7 million decrease in salaries resulting from the refinement in the application of SFAS 91, as described in Note 1 to these consolidated financials statements.

 

The Texas market’s net income decreased $22 million, or 31 percent, to $49 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2008, compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2007.  Net interest income (FTE) of $220 million increased $7 million from the comparable period in the prior year, primarily due to an increase in average loan and deposit balances, partially offset by declines in loan and deposit spreads.  The provision for loan losses increased $32 million, primarily due to increases in reserves for the Middle Market, Small Business and Energy loan portfolios.  Noninterest income of $74 million increased $11 million from the same period in the prior year, primarily due to a $7 million gain on the sale of Visa shares.  Noninterest expenses of $182 million increased $14 million from the comparable period in the prior year, primarily due to increases in allocated net corporate overhead expenses ($5 million), net occupancy expense ($3 million), resulting primarily from new banking centers, advertising ($3 million) and nominal increases in several other expense categories, partially offset by a $4 million decrease in salaries resulting from the refinement in the application of SFAS 91, as described in Note 1 to these consolidated financial statements.

 

The Florida market’s net income decreased $15 million to a net loss of $7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2008, compared to net income of $8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007.  Net interest income (FTE) of $35 million was relatively unchanged from the comparable period in the prior year.  The provision for loan losses increased $20 million, primarily due to increased credit reserves in the Commercial Real Estate and Private Banking loan portfolios and a large reserve related to a single customer in the Middle Market loan portfolio.  Noninterest income of $12 million was relatively unchanged and noninterest expenses of $32 million increased $4 million from the comparable period in the prior year.

 

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Table of Contents

 

The Other Markets’ net income decreased $62 million to a net loss of $3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2008, compared to net income of $59 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2007.  Net interest income (FTE) of $108 million increased $7 million from the comparable period in the prior year, primarily due to increases in average loan and deposit balances and loan spreads, partially offset by a decline in deposit spreads.  The provision for loan losses increased $12 million, primarily due to increases in reserves for the residential real estate development industry and Global Corporate loan portfolio.  Noninterest income of $39 million was relatively unchanged from the comparable period in the prior year.  Noninterest expenses of $169 million increased $102 million from the comparable period in the prior year, primarily due to a $96 million charge related to the offer to repurchase, at par, auction-rate securities (ARS) from certain customers in the third quarter 2008 and increases in the provision for credit losses on lending-related commitments ($3 million) and allocated net corporate overhead expenses ($3 million).

 

The International market’s net income decreased $14 million, to $25 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2008, compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2007.  Net interest income (FTE) of $45 million decreased $7 million from the comparable period in the prior year, primarily due to a decrease in average deposit balances, partially offset by an increase in average loan balances.  The provision for loan losses increased $10 million from a negative provision of $12 million for the first nine months of 2007, to a negative provision of $2 million for the comparable 2008 period, due to higher loan loss recoveries in 2007.  Noninterest income of $24 million decreased $4 million from the comparable period in the prior year, primarily due to a $3 million gain on the sale of investment securities in the third quarter 2007.  Noninterest expenses of $31 million remained relatively unchanged from the comparable period in the prior year.

 

The net loss for the Finance & Other Business segment was $41 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2008, compared to a net loss of $37 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007.  The $4 million increase in net loss was due to the same reasons noted in the Finance Division and the Other category discussions under the “Business Segments” heading.

 

The following table lists the number of the Corporation’s banking centers by market segment at September 30:

 

 

 

2008

 

2007

 

Midwest (Michigan)

 

233

 

 

240

 

 

Western:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

California

 

90

 

 

75

 

 

Arizona

 

10

 

 

5

 

 

Total Western

 

100

 

 

80

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Texas

 

80

 

 

73

 

 

Florida

 

10

 

 

9

 

 

International

 

1

 

 

1

 

 

Total

 

424

 

 

403

 

 

 

Financial Condition

 

Total assets were $65.2 billion at September 30, 2008, compared to $62.3 billion at year-end 2007 and $60.0 billion at September 30, 2007.  Investment securities available-for-sale increased $1.9 billion, from $6.3 billion at December 31, 2007, to $8.2 billion at September 30, 2008, primarily due to the purchase of approximately $2.9 billion of AAA-rated mortgage-backed securities issued by government sponsored entities (FNMA, FHLMC) in the first nine months of 2008, to assist in managing interest rate risk.  Total period-end loans increased $812 million, or two percent, to $51.6 billion from December 31, 2007 to September 30, 2008. On an average basis, total loans increased $809 million, or two percent, to $51.5 billion in the third quarter 2008, compared to $50.7 billion in the fourth quarter 2007. Excluding Financial Services Division loans, average loans showed growth in most business lines: Global Corporate Banking (13 percent), Private Banking (12 percent), Specialty Businesses (five percent), Commercial Real Estate (two percent) and Small Business (three percent), from the fourth quarter 2007 to the third quarter 2008.  Excluding Financial Services Division loans, average loans grew $1.3 billion, or three percent, with growth in all markets from the fourth quarter 2007 to the third quarter 2008:  Texas (four percent), Midwest (three percent), Western (two percent), Florida (11 percent) and International (five percent).

 

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Table of Contents

 

The Corporation implemented a loan optimization plan with the goal of increasing loan spreads and customer relationship returns and remaining selective in terms of new business in an increasingly challenging economic environment.  As a result of the loan optimization plan, total period-end loans decreased $196 million from June 30, 2008 to September 30, 2008.  Total outstanding commercial commitments to extend credit decreased $2.6 billion, or four percent, from June 30, 2008 to September 30, 2008.  The utilization of outstanding commercial commitments to extend credit increased two percent to 51 percent from June 30, 2008 to September 30, 2008.  Increased line utilization was focused in business lines maintaining large corporate relationships.  The Corporation believes the increased utilization can be partly attributed to recent credit market disruptions. On an average basis, total loans decreased $859 million, or two percent, in the third quarter 2008 when compared to the second quarter 2008.  Customer draws on existing lines of credit may impact the results of the loan optimization plan.

 

Management currently expects low to mid single-digit average loan growth for full-year 2008, compared to full-year 2007, with loans declining in the fourth quarter 2008.

 

Commercial real estate loans, consisting of real estate construction and commercial mortgage loans, totaled $15.2 billion at September 30, 2008, of which $5.6 billion, or 37 percent, were to borrowers in the Commercial Real Estate line of business, which includes loans to residential real estate developers.  The $9.6 billion of commercial real estate loans in other business lines consist primarily of owner-occupied commercial mortgages.  The following table reflects real estate construction and commercial mortgage loans to borrowers in the Commercial Real Estate line of business by project type and location of property:

 

(dollar amounts in millions)

 

Location of Property

 

 

 

 

 

September 30, 2008

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Other

 

 

 

 

 

Project Type:

 

Western

 

Michigan

 

Texas

 

Florida

 

Markets

 

Total

 

% of Total

 

Real estate construction loans:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Commercial Real Estate business line:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Residential:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Single Family

 

$

706

 

 

$

77

 

 

$

116

 

 

$

184

 

 

$

93

 

 

$

1,176

 

 

29

%

 

Land Development

 

243

 

 

80

 

 

124

 

 

36

 

 

27

 

 

510

 

 

13

 

 

Total Residential

 

949

 

 

157

 

 

240

 

 

220

 

 

120

 

 

1,686

 

 

42

 

 

Other construction:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Retail

 

241

 

 

135

 

 

301

 

 

68

 

 

64

 

 

809

 

 

21

 

 

Land Development

 

2

 

 

7

 

 

37

 

 

 

 

23

 

 

69

 

 

2

 

 

Multi-family

 

148

 

 

15

 

 

170

 

 

103

 

 

119

 

 

555

 

 

14

 

 

Multi-use

 

202

 

 

33

 

 

46

 

 

62

 

 

16

 

 

359

 

 

9

 

 

Office

 

134

 

 

21

 

 

88

 

 

7

 

 

29

 

 

279

 

 

7

 

 

Commercial

 

80

 

 

28

 

 

26

 

 

5

 

 

13

 

 

152

 

 

4

 

 

Other

 

2

 

 

 

 

8

 

 

 

 

18

 

 

28

 

 

1

 

 

Total

 

$

1,758

 

 

$

396

 

 

$

916

 

 

$

465

 

 

$

402

 

 

$

3,937

 

 

100

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Commercial mortgage loans:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Commercial Real Estate business line:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Residential:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Single Family

 

$

18

 

 

$

3

 

 

$

   4

 

 

$

9

 

 

$

7

 

 

$

41

 

 

2

%

 

Land Carry

 

208

 

 

89

 

 

46

 

 

58

 

 

19

 

 

420

 

 

26

 

 

Total Residential

 

226

 

 

92

 

 

50

 

 

67

 

 

26

 

 

461

 

 

28

 

 

Other commercial mortgage:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Land Carry

 

172

 

 

79

 

 

17

 

 

27

 

 

12

 

 

307

 

 

18

 

 

Multi-family

 

18

 

 

66

 

 

60

 

 

81

 

 

67

 

 

292

 

 

18

 

 

Office

 

97

 

 

55

 

 

38

 

 

18

 

 

6

 

 

214

 

 

13

 

 

Retail

 

82

 

 

60

 

 

4

 

 

3

 

 

52

 

 

201

 

 

12

 

 

Commercial

 

57

 

 

31

 

 

6

 

 

 

 

10

 

 

104

 

 

6

 

 

Multi-use

 

7

 

 

11

 

 

 

 

 

 

56

 

 

74

 

 

4

 

 

Other

 

 

 

2

 

 

 

 

 

 

13

 

 

15

 

 

1

 

 

Total

 

$

659

 

 

$

396

 

 

$

175

 

 

$

196

 

 

$

242

 

 

$

1,668

 

 

100

%

 

 

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Table of Contents

 

Total liabilities increased $2.9 billion, or five percent, from $57.2 billion at December 31, 2007, to $60.1 billion at September 30, 2008.  Total deposits decreased $4.8 billion, or 11 percent, to $39.5 billion at September 30, 2008, from $44.3 billion at December 31, 2007. Core deposits, which exclude institutional certificates of deposit and foreign office time deposits, decreased $1.8 billion, or five percent, from December 31, 2007 to September 30, 2008, including a $576 million decrease in deposits in the Financial Services Division. Institutional certificates of deposit decreased $2.5 billion and foreign office time deposits decreased $466 million. Deposits in the Financial Services Division, which include title and escrow deposits and fluctuate with the level of home mortgage financing and refinancing activity, were $2.7 billion at September 30, 2008, compared to $3.3 billion at December 31, 2007.  Financial Services Division noninterest-bearing deposits decreased $388 million, to $1.8 billion at September 30, 2008, compared to $2.2 billion at December 31, 2007. Medium and long-term debt increased $6.6 billion to $15.4 billion at September 30, 2008, from $8.8 billion at December 31, 2007, as a result of $7.5 billion of new medium-term Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB) advances in the first nine months of 2008.  For further information on the FHLB advances, see Note 5 to these consolidated financial statements.  Short-term borrowings increased $818 million to $3.6 billion at September 30, 2008, from $2.8 billion at December 31, 2007, primarily due to borrowings under the Federal Reserve Term Auction Facility (TAF).  The TAF provides access to short-term funds at generally favorable rates.

 

Capital

 

Shareholders’ equity was $5.1 billion at both September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007.  The following table presents a summary of changes in shareholders’ equity for the nine month period ended September 30, 2008:

 

(in millions)

 

 

 

 

 

Balance at January 1, 2008

 

 

 

 

$ 5,117

 

Retention of earnings (net income less cash dividends declared)

 

 

 

 

(105

)

Change in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss):

 

 

 

 

 

 

Investment securities available-for-sale

 

 

$     37

 

 

 

Cash flow hedges

 

 

1

 

 

 

Defined benefit and other postretirement plans adjustment

 

 

10

 

 

 

Total change in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)

 

 

 

 

48

 

Net purchase of common stock under employee stock plans

 

 

 

 

(1

)

Recognition of share-based compensation expense

 

 

 

 

41

 

Balance at September 30, 2008

 

 

 

 

$ 5,100

 

 

As shown in the table above, cash dividends declared exceeded net income for the first nine months of 2008. It is not uncommon for this to occur in an economic downturn.  To allow for greater internal capital retention, the Corporation announced in September, 2008, the Board of Directors’ intention to reduce the fourth quarter 2008 dividend to $0.33 per share.

 

In November, 2007, the Board of Directors of the Corporation authorized the purchase up to 10 million shares of Comerica Incorporated outstanding common stock in addition to the remaining unfilled portion of the November, 2006 authorization.  There is no expiration date for the Corporation’s share repurchase program.  No shares were purchased as part of the Corporations’ publicly announced repurchase program in the first nine months of 2008.

 

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Table of Contents

 

The following table summarizes the Corporation’s share repurchase activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2008.

 

 

 

Total Number of Shares

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Purchased as Part of Publicly

 

Remaining Share

 

Total Number

 

 

 

 

 

Announced Repurchase Plans

 

Repurchase

 

of Shares

 

Average Price

 

(shares in thousands)

 

or Programs

 

Authorization (1)

 

Purchased (2)

 

Paid Per Share

 

Total first quarter 2008

 

 

12,576

 

18

 

 

$40.06

 

 

Total second quarter 2008

 

 

12,576

 

24

 

 

34.52

 

 

July 2008

 

 

12,576

 

9

 

 

26.83

 

 

August 2008

 

 

12,576

 

7

 

 

29.57

 

 

September 2008

 

 

12,576

 

 

 

 

 

Total third quarter 2008

 

 

12,576

 

16

 

 

28.22

 

 

Total year-to-date 2008

 

 

12,576

 

58

 

 

$34.53

 

 

 

(1) Maximum number of shares that may yet be purchased under the publicly announced plans or programs.

 

(2) Includes shares purchased as part of publicly announced repurchase plans or programs, shares purchased pursuant to deferred compensation plans and shares purchased from employees to pay for grant prices and/or taxes related to stock option exercises and restricted stock vesting under the terms of an employee share-based compensation plan.

 


 

The Corporation’s capital ratios exceed minimum regulatory requirements as follows:

 

 

 

September 30, 2008

 

December 31, 2007

 

(dollar amounts in millions)

 

Capital    

 

Ratio

 

Capital

 

Ratio

 

Tier 1 common*

 

$5,081

 

 

6.69

%

 

$5,145

 

 

6.85

%

 

Tier 1 risk-based (4.00% - minimum)*

 

5,576

 

 

7.35

 

 

5,640

 

 

7.51

 

 

Total risk-based (8.00% - minimum)*

 

8,520

 

 

11.22

 

 

8,410

 

 

11.20

 

 

Leverage (3.00% - minimum)*

 

5,576

 

 

8.59

 

 

5,640

 

 

9.26

 

 

Tangible common equity

 

4,937

 

 

7.60

 

 

4,954

 

 

7.97

 

 

 

* September 30, 2008 capital and ratios are estimated.

 


 

At September 30, 2008, the Corporation and its U.S. banking subsidiaries exceeded the ratios required for an institution to be considered “well capitalized” (Tier 1 risk-based capital, total risk-based capital and leverage ratios greater than six percent, 10 percent and five percent, respectively).  The $96 million auction-rate securities charge and related commitment to repurchase reduced the estimated Tier 1 common, Tier 1 and total capital ratios by 21 basis points, 22 basis points and 29 basis points, respectively, at September 30, 2008.  Based on an interim decision issued by the banking regulators in 2006, the after-tax charge to shareholders’ equity associated with the adoption of SFAS No. 158 “Employers’ Accounting for Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Plans, an Amendment of FASB Statements No. 87, 88, 106, and 132(R),” was excluded from the calculation of regulatory capital ratios.  Therefore, for purposes of calculating regulatory capital ratios, shareholders’ equity was increased by $160 million and $170 million on September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively.

 

 

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Table of Contents

 

Federal Temporary Liquidity Guarantee and Capital Purchase Program

 

In October 2008, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) announced the voluntary Temporary Liquidity Guarantee Program, designed to strengthen confidence and encourage liquidity in the banking system. The Program would guarantee all newly issued senior unsecured debt of banks, thrifts and certain financial holding companies issued on or before June 30, 2009, not to exceed 125 percent of debt outstanding as of September 30, 2008 that was scheduled to mature before June 30, 2009.  All newly issued senior unsecured debt issued under this Program would be charged an annualized fee equal to 75 basis points of the amount of debt. The Program also would provide unlimited protection to all noninterest-bearing deposit transaction accounts through December 31, 2009, regardless of the dollar amount. Following are additional facts regarding the Program’s unlimited deposit insurance initiative:

 

·                  Any participating depository institution (such as a bank) would be able to provide full deposit insurance coverage for noninterest-bearing deposit transaction accounts—most often used by small businesses to cover day-to-day operations—regardless of the dollar amount. Business customers that maintain payroll and other accounts that often exceed the current maximum limit of $250,000 will now be covered.

 

·                  This new, temporary increased coverage would expire at the end of 2009.

 

·                  This unlimited coverage is in addition to the increased FDIC limits approved on October 3, 2008, which increased insurance coverage limits on all deposits from $100,000 to $250,000 per account and also expires at the end of 2009.

 

·                  A 10 basis point annualized surcharge would be applied to those accounts not otherwise covered by the existing deposit insurance limit of $250,000, in addition to the existing risk-based deposit insurance premium paid on those deposits.

 

All FDIC-insured institutions will be covered under the Program for the first 30 days without incurring any costs. After the initial 30-day period, banks will be assessed the fees noted above for continued participation.

 

The Corporation expects to participate in both the senior unsecured debt guarantee and the noninterest-bearing deposit insurance coverage provided by the Temporary Liquidity Guarantee Program.

 

Also in October 2008, the U.S. Department of the Treasury (“U.S. Treasury”) announced the voluntary Capital Purchase Program.  According to the U.S. Treasury, the Program is designed to encourage U.S. financial institutions to build capital and increase the flow of financing to U.S. businesses and consumers to support the U.S. economy. Under the Program, the U.S. Treasury will purchase up to $250 billion of senior preferred shares issued by financial institutions that elect to participate in the Program.

 

The amount available to participating institutions under the Program ranges from a minimum subscription of one percent of risk-weighted assets to a maximum of the lesser of three percent of risk-weighted assets or $25 billion.  On October 27, 2008, the Corporation announced it had received preliminary approval from the U.S. Treasury to participate in the program for the maximum amount of $2.25 billion of senior preferred shares.  The senior preferred shares would qualify as Tier 1 capital and are expected to increase the Corporation’s Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio from an estimated 7.35 percent at September 30, 2008, to an estimated 10.35 percent.  The U.S. Treasury is expected to fund the senior preferred shares by December 31, 2008.

 

The senior preferred shares would qualify as Tier 1 capital and would pay a cumulative dividend rate of five percent per annum for the first five years and a rate of nine percent per annum after year five. The senior preferred shares would be non-voting, other than class voting rights on matters that could adversely affect the shares. The senior preferred shares would be callable at par after three years. Prior to the end of three years, the senior preferred shares may be redeemed at par with the proceeds from a qualifying equity offering of any Tier 1 perpetual preferred or common stock resulting in proceeds of not less than 25 percent of the issue price of the senior preferred shares. The U.S. Treasury may also transfer the senior preferred shares to a third party at any time. In conjunction with the purchase of senior preferred shares, the U.S. Treasury would receive warrants to purchase common stock with an aggregate market price equal to 15 percent of the senior preferred investment. The exercise price on the warrants would be the market price of the participating institution’s common stock at the time of issuance, calculated on a 20-trading day trailing average.

 

Companies participating in the Program must adopt the Treasury Department’s standards for executive compensation and corporate governance for the period during which the U.S. Treasury holds equity issued under this Program.  These standards generally apply to the chief executive officer, chief financial officer, plus the three most highly compensated executive officers. In addition, companies would agree not to deduct for tax purposes executive compensation in excess of $500,000 for each senior executive.

 

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Table of Contents

 

Risk Management

 

The following updated information should be read in conjunction with the “Risk Management” section on pages 44-61 of the Corporation’s 2007 Annual Report.

 

Credit Risk

 

Allowance for Credit Losses and Nonperforming Assets

 

The allowance for credit losses includes both the allowance for loan losses and the allowance for credit losses on lending-related commitments. The allowance for loan losses represents management’s assessment of probable losses inherent in the Corporation’s loan portfolio. The allowance for loan losses provides for probable losses that have been identified with specific customer relationships and for probable losses believed to be inherent in the loan portfolio, but that have not been specifically identified. Internal risk ratings are assigned to each business loan at the time of approval and are subject to subsequent periodic reviews by the Corporation’s senior management.  The Corporation performs a detailed credit quality review quarterly on both large business and certain large consumer and residential mortgage loans that have deteriorated below certain levels of credit risk and may allocate a specific portion of the allowance to such loans based upon this review. The Corporation defines business loans as those belonging to the commercial, real estate construction, commercial mortgage, lease financing and international loan portfolios. A portion of the allowance is allocated to the remaining business loans by applying estimated loss ratios, based on numerous factors identified below, to the loans within each risk rating.  In addition, a portion of the allowance is allocated to these remaining loans based on industry specific risks inherent in certain portfolios that have experienced above average losses, including portfolio exposures to retail trade (gasoline delivery), California residential real estate development and Small Business Administration loans.  Furthermore, a portion of the allowance is allocated to these remaining loans based on specific risks inherent in certain portfolios that have not yet manifested themselves in the risk ratings, including exposure to the automotive industry. The portion of the allowance allocated to all other consumer and residential mortgage loans is determined by applying estimated loss ratios to various segments of the loan portfolios. Estimated loss ratios for all portfolios incorporate factors such as recent charge-off experience, current economic conditions and trends, and trends with respect to past due and nonaccrual amounts, and are supported by underlying analysis, including information on migration and loss given default studies from each of the three largest domestic geographic markets (Midwest, Western and Texas), as well as mapping to bond tables.  The allowance for credit losses on lending-related commitments, included in “accrued expenses and other liabilities” on the consolidated balance sheets, provides for probable credit losses inherent in lending-related commitments, including unused commitments to extend credit, letters of credit and financial guarantees.  Lending-related commitments for which it is probable that the commitment will be drawn (or sold) are reserved with the same estimated loss rates as loans, or with specific reserves.  In general, the probability of draw for letters of credit is considered certain once the credit becomes a watch list credit.  Non-watch list letters of credit and all unfunded commitments have a lower probability of draw, to which standard loan loss rates are applied.

 

Actual loss ratios experienced in the future may vary from those estimated. The uncertainty occurs because factors may exist which affect the determination of probable losses inherent in the loan portfolio and are not necessarily captured by the application of estimated loss ratios or identified industry specific risks. A portion of the allowance is maintained to capture these probable losses and reflects management’s view that the allowance should recognize the margin for error inherent in the process of estimating expected loan losses. Factors that were considered in the evaluation of the adequacy of the Corporation’s allowance include the inherent imprecision in the risk rating system and the risk associated with new customer relationships. The allowance associated with the margin for inherent imprecision covers probable loan losses as a result of an inaccuracy in assigning risk ratings or stale ratings which may not have been updated for recent negative trends in particular credits. The allowance due to new business migration risk is based on an evaluation of the risk of rating downgrades associated with loans that do not have a full year of payment history.

 

The total allowance for loan losses is available to absorb losses from any segment within the portfolio. Unanticipated economic events, including political, economic and regulatory instability in countries where the Corporation has loans, could cause changes in the credit characteristics of the portfolio and result in an unanticipated increase in the allowance. Inclusion of other industry specific portfolio exposures in the allowance, as well as significant increases in the current portfolio exposures, could also increase the amount of the allowance. Any of these events, or some combination thereof, may result in the need for additional provision for loan losses in order to maintain an allowance that complies with credit risk and accounting policies.  At September 30, 2008, the total allowance for loan losses was $712 million, an increase of $155 million from $557 million at December 31, 2007.  The increase resulted primarily from an increase in individual and industry reserves for customers in the residential real estate development industry located in the Western market (primarily California) and the retail trade (gasoline

 

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delivery) industry, mostly in the Midwest.  These increases were partially offset by reductions in individual and industry reserves for customers in the Michigan residential real estate development industry.  The allowance for loan losses as a percentage of total period-end loans was 1.38 and 1.10 percent at September 30, 2008, and December 31, 2007, respectively.

 

The allowance for credit losses on lending-related commitments was $40 million at September 30, 2008, an increase of $19 million from $21 million at December 31, 2007, resulting primarily from increases in specific reserves related to unused commitments extended to customers in the Michigan commercial real estate and California residential real estate development industries and standby letters of credit extended to customers in the Michigan commercial real estate industry.

 

Nonperforming assets at September 30, 2008 were $881 million, compared to $423 million at December 31, 2007, an increase of $458 million, or 108 percent. The allowance for loan losses as a percentage of nonperforming loans decreased to 82 percent at September 30, 2008, from 138 percent at December 31, 2007.  Recent significant inflows of residential real estate development nonperforming loans, for which appropriate reserves have been established and charge-offs have been taken, contributed to the decrease in the allowance coverage ratio. Real estate-related loans may remain as nonperforming loans for longer periods than other types of nonperforming loans. While the allowance coverage ratio declined, the decline did not reflect a change in the methodology of developing the allowance based on the underlying loan portfolios.  The carrying value of nonaccrual loans as a percentage of contractual value was 68 percent at September 30, 2008, compared to 71 percent at December 31, 2007 and 70 percent at September 30, 2007.

 

Nonperforming assets at September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007 were categorized as follows:

 

 

 

September 30,

 

December 31,

 

(in millions)

 

2008

 

2007

 

Nonaccrual loans:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Commercial

 

$

206

 

 

$

75

 

 

Real estate construction:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Commercial Real Estate business line

 

386

 

 

161

 

 

Other business lines

 

5

 

 

6

 

 

Total real estate construction

 

391

 

 

167

 

 

Commercial mortgage:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Commercial Real Estate business line

 

137

 

 

66

 

 

Other business lines

 

114

 

 

75

 

 

Total commercial mortgage

 

251

 

 

141

 

 

Residential mortgage

 

8

 

 

1

 

 

Consumer

 

4

 

 

3

 

 

Lease financing

 

 

 

 

 

International

 

3

 

 

4

 

 

Total nonaccrual loans

 

863

 

 

391

 

 

Reduced-rate loans

 

 

 

13

 

 

Total nonperforming loans

 

863

 

 

404

 

 

Foreclosed property

 

18

 

 

19

 

 

Total nonperforming assets

 

$

881

 

 

$

423

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing

 

$

97

 

 

$

54

 

 

 

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The following table presents a summary of changes in nonaccrual loans.

 

 

 

Three Months Ended

 

(in millions)

 

September 30, 2008

 

June 30, 2008

 

March 31, 2008

 

Nonaccrual loans at beginning of period

 

$ 731

 

 

$ 538

 

 

$  391

 

 

Loans transferred to nonaccrual (1)

 

280

 

 

304

 

 

281

 

 

Nonaccrual business loan gross charge-offs (2)

 

(116

)

 

(113

)

 

(108

)

 

Loans transferred to accrual status (1)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Nonaccrual business loans sold (3)

 

(19

)

 

 

 

(15

)

 

Payments/Other (4)

 

(13

)

 

2

 

 

(11

)

 

Nonaccrual loans at end of period

 

$ 863

 

 

$ 731

 

 

$  538

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(1) Based on an analysis of nonaccrual loans with book balances greater than $2 million.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(2) Analysis of gross loan charge-offs:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Nonaccrual business loans

 

$ 116

 

 

$ 113

 

 

$  108

 

 

Performing watch list loans

 

 

 

1

 

 

1

 

 

Consumer and residential mortgage loans

 

6

 

 

4

 

 

7

 

 

Total gross loan charge-offs

 

$ 122

 

 

$ 118

 

 

$  116

 

 

(3) Analysis of loans sold:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Nonaccrual business loans

 

$   19

 

 

$   —

 

 

$    15

 

 

Performing watch list loans

 

3

 

 

7

 

 

6

 

 

Total loans sold

 

$   22

 

 

$     7

 

 

$    21

 

 

 

(4) Includes net changes related to nonaccrual loans with balances less than $2 million, other than  business loan gross charge-offs and nonaccrual business loans sold, and payments on nonaccrual loans with book balances greater than $2 million.

 


 

The following table presents the number of nonaccrual loan relationships with book balances greater than $2 million and balance by size of relationship at September 30, 2008.

 

(dollar amounts in millions)

 

Number of

 

 

 

Nonaccrual Relationship Size

 

Relationships

 

Balance

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$2 million - $5 million

 

50

 

 

$163

 

 

$5 million - $10 million

 

29

 

 

213

 

 

$10 million - $25 million

 

22

 

 

295

 

 

Greater than $25 million

 

2

 

 

56

 

 

Total loan relationships greater than $2 million at September 30, 2008

 

103

 

 

$728

 

 

 

Loan relationships with balances greater than $2 million transferred to nonaccrual status totaled $280 million in the third quarter 2008, a decrease of $24 million from $304 million in the second quarter 2008.  Of the transfers to nonaccrual in the third quarter 2008, $145 million were from the Commercial Real Estate business line, a decrease of $43 million from $188 million in the second quarter 2008, including $81 million located in the Western market, and $81 million were from the Middle Market business line.  There were 11 loan relationships greater than $10 million transferred to nonaccrual in the third quarter 2008.  These loans totaled $160 million, of which $90 million were to companies in the real estate industry.

 

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The following table presents a summary of total internally classified watch list loans (generally consistent with regulatory defined special mention, substandard and doubtful loans).  Total watch list loans increased both in dollars and as a percentage of the total loan portfolio from December 31, 2007 to September 30, 2008.  However, the rate of increase was significantly slower in the second and third quarters of 2008 than that experienced in the first quarter 2008.

 

(dollar amounts in millions)

 

September 30, 2008

 

June 30, 2008

 

March 31, 2008

 

December 31, 2007

 

Total watch list loans

 

$5,270

 

 

$4,807

 

 

$4,621

 

 

$3,464

 

 

As a percentage of total loans

 

10.2

%

 

9.3

%

 

8.8

%

 

6.8

%

 

 

The following table presents a summary of nonaccrual loans at September 30, 2008, and loan relationships transferred to nonaccrual and net loan charge-offs during the three months ended September 30, 2008, based primarily on the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) industry categories.

 

 

 

 

 

Three Months Ended

 

(dollar amounts in millions)

 

September 30, 2008

 

September 30, 2008

 

Industry Category

 

Nonaccrual Loans

 

Loans Transferred to
Nonaccrual *

 

Net Loan Charge-Offs
(Recoveries)

 

Real Estate

 

$506

 

59

%

$110

 

39

%

$  55

 

47

%

 

Services

 

65

 

7

 

15

 

5

 

6

 

5

 

 

Manufacturing

 

60

 

7

 

46

 

17

 

14

 

12

 

 

Retail Trade

 

57

 

7

 

3

 

1

 

9

 

8

 

 

Contractors

 

52

 

6

 

51

 

18

 

10

 

9

 

 

Wholesale Trade

 

37

 

4

 

38

 

14

 

10

 

9

 

 

Utilities

 

26

 

3

 

 

 

 

 

 

Technology-related

 

11

 

1

 

3

 

1

 

3

 

2

 

 

Transportation

 

11

 

1

 

 

 

1

 

1

 

 

Automotive

 

9

 

1

 

 

 

 

 

 

Consumer Non-Durables

 

8

 

1

 

11

 

4

 

6

 

5

 

 

Churches

 

5

 

1

 

 

 

 

 

 

Other**

 

16

 

2

 

3

 

1

 

2

 

2

 

 

Total

 

$863

 

100

%

$280

 

100

%

$116

 

100

%

 

 

*

 

Based on an analysis of nonaccrual loan relationships with book balances greater than $2 million.

**

 

Consumer nonaccrual loans and net charge-offs are included in the “Other” category.

 


 

Net credit-related charge-offs for the third quarter 2008 were $116 million, or 0.90 percent of average total loans, compared to $40 million, or 0.32 percent, for the third quarter 2007.

 

For further discussion of credit risk, see pages 44-60 in the Corporation’s 2007 Annual Report.

 

Other Matters

 

On October 27, 2008, Visa Inc. (Visa) announced that it had agreed to settle litigation with Discover Financial Services.  The Corporation sold its remaining ownership of Visa Shares in the third quarter 2008.  The impact of the settlement is not significant to the indemnification agreement related to the sale.

 

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ITEM 3.  Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

 

Interest Rate

 

Net interest income is the predominant source of revenue for the Corporation.  Interest rate risk arises primarily through the Corporation’s core business activities of extending loans and accepting deposits. The Corporation’s balance sheet is predominantly characterized by floating rate commercial loans funded by a combination of core deposits and wholesale borrowings.  This creates a natural imbalance between the floating rate loan portfolio and the more slowly repricing deposit products.  The result is that growth in our core businesses will lead to a greater sensitivity to interest rate movements, without mitigating actions.  Examples of such actions are purchasing investment securities, primarily fixed rate, which provide liquidity to the balance sheet and act to mitigate the inherent interest sensitivity or hedging the sensitivity with interest rate swaps.  In the third quarter 2008, the Corporation entered into $900 million of risk management interest rate swaps as part of its cash flow hedging strategy.  The Corporation actively manages its exposure to interest rate risk with the principal objective of optimizing net interest income while operating within acceptable limits established for interest rate risk and maintaining adequate levels of funding and liquidity.

 

The Corporation frequently evaluates net interest income under various balance sheet and interest rate scenarios, using simulation modeling analysis as its principal risk management evaluation technique. The results of these analyses provide the information needed to assess the balance sheet structure. Changes in economic activity, different from those management included in its simulation analyses, whether domestically or internationally, could translate into a materially different interest rate environment than currently expected. Management evaluates “base” net interest income under an unchanged interest rate environment and what is believed to be the most likely balance sheet structure.  This “base” net interest income is then evaluated against non-parallel interest rate scenarios that increase and decrease approximately 200 basis points from the unchanged interest rate environment (but not lower than zero percent).  For this analysis, the rise or decline in interest rates occurs in a linear fashion over twelve months.  In addition, adjustments to asset prepayment levels, yield curves and overall balance sheet mix and growth assumptions are made to be consistent with each interest rate environment. These assumptions are inherently uncertain and, as a result, the model cannot precisely predict the impact of higher or lower interest rates on net interest income.  Actual results may differ from simulated results due to timing, magnitude and frequency of interest rate changes and changes in market conditions and management strategies, among other factors. However, the model can indicate the likely direction of change. Derivative instruments entered into for risk management purposes are included in these analyses.

 

The table below as of September 30, 2008, and December 31, 2007, displays the estimated impact on net interest income during the next 12 months by relating the unchanged interest rate scenario results to those from the 200 basis point non-parallel shock described above.  The change in interest rate sensitivity from December 31, 2007, to September 30, 2008, was primarily the result of loan and deposit growth, activities in the Financial Services Division, growth in the investment securities portfolio and the maturity of interest rate swaps.

 

 

 

September 30, 2008

 

December 31, 2007

 

(in millions)

 

Amount

 

%

 

Amount

 

%

 

Change in Interest Rates:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

+200 basis points

 

$ 41

 

 

2

%

 

$ 38

 

 

2

%

 

-200 basis points

 

(58

)

 

(3

)

 

(36

)

 

(2

)

 

 

The Corporation also performs an economic value of equity analysis for a longer term view of the interest rate risk position. The economic value of equity analysis begins with an estimate of the mark-to-market valuation of the Corporation’s balance sheet and then applies the estimated impact of rate movements upon the market value of assets, liabilities and off-balance sheet instruments. The economic value of equity is then calculated as the difference between the market value of assets and liabilities net of the impact of off-balance sheet instruments.  As with net interest income shocks, a variety of alternative scenarios are performed to measure the impact on economic value of equity, including changes in the level, slope and shape of the yield curve.

 

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The table below as of September 30, 2008, and December 31, 2007, displays the estimated impact on the economic value of equity from a 200 basis point immediate parallel increase or decrease in interest rates. The change in economic value of equity from December 31, 2007, to September 30, 2008, was primarily the result of a change in the funding mix, growth in the investment securities portfolio and the maturity of interest rate swaps.

 

 

 

September 30, 2008

 

December 31, 2007

 

(in millions)

 

Amount

 

%

 

Amount

 

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Change in Interest Rates:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

+200 basis points

 

$  (13

)

 

%

 

$  241

 

 

3

%

 

-200 basis points

 

(880

)

 

(9

)

 

(789

)

 

(9

)

 

 

Wholesale Funding

 

Since market disruptions began in the latter half of 2008, it has been increasingly difficult for market participants to borrow funds with maturities beyond one year.  The Corporation satisfies liquidity requirements with various funding sources. The Corporation may access the purchased funds market.  Purchased funds, comprised of institutional certificates of deposit, foreign office time deposits and short-term borrowings were $8.1 billion at September 30, 2008, compared to $10.2 billion at December 31, 2007.  Capacity for incremental purchased funds at September 30, 2008, consisted mostly of federal funds purchases, brokered certificates of deposits, securities sold under agreements to repurchase and borrowings under the Federal Reserve Term Auction Facility. In February 2008, Comerica Bank (the Bank), a subsidiary of the Corporation, became a member of the Federal Home Loan Bank of Dallas, Texas (FHLB), which provides short- and long-term funding to its members through advances collateralized by real estate-related assets. The actual borrowing capacity is contingent on the amount of collateral available to be pledged to the FHLB.  As of September 30, 2008, the Corporation had $7.5 billion of outstanding borrowings from the FHLB with original maturities ranging from 1-6 years, and substantial collateral to support additional borrowings.  Another source, if needed, would be liquid assets, including cash and due from banks, federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreements to resell, other short-term investments and investment securities available-for-sale, which totaled $9.8 billion at September 30, 2008, compared to $8.1 billion at December 31, 2007. Additionally, the Corporation also had available approximately $10 billion from a collateralized borrowing account with the Federal Reserve Bank and, if market conditions were to permit, could issue up to $10.3 billion of debt under an existing senior note program at September 30, 2008.  Also, see page 46 for details related to the Federal Temporary Liquidity Guarantee and Capital Purchase Programs.

 

Other

 

At September 30, 2008, the Corporation had a $67 million portfolio of indirect (through funds) private equity and venture capital investments, with commitments of $33 million to fund additional investments in future periods. The value of these investments is at risk to changes in equity markets, general economic conditions and a variety of other factors. The majority of these investments are not readily marketable, and are reported in other assets. The investments are individually reviewed for impairment on a quarterly basis, by comparing the carrying value to the estimated fair value.  Approximately $13 million of the underlying equity and debt (primarily equity) in these funds are to companies in the automotive industry.  The automotive-related positions do not represent a majority of any one fund’s investments, and therefore, the exposure related to these positions is mitigated by the performance of other investment interests within the fund’s portfolio of companies.

 

The Corporation holds approximately 430 warrants for generally non-marketable equity securities.  These warrants are primarily from high technology, non-public companies obtained as part of the loan origination process.  As discussed in Note 1 to these consolidated financial statements in the Corporation’s 2007 Annual Report, a net exercise provision embedded in these warrant agreement classifies these warrants as derivatives which must be recorded at fair value.  The value of all warrants that are carried at fair value ($10 million at September 30, 2008) is at risk to changes in equity markets, general economic conditions and other factors.  The majority of new warrants obtained as part of the loan origination process no longer contain an embedded net exercise provision.  During the first quarter 2008, the Corporation adopted SFAS 157, “Fair Value Measurements”, as discussed in Note 1 to these consolidated financial statements.  Upon adoption, the estimated fair value of warrants carried at fair value was adjusted to reflect a discount for lack of liquidity, resulting in a $2 million pre-tax charge to earnings.

 

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Certain components of the Corporation’s noninterest income, primarily fiduciary income, are at risk to fluctuations in the market values of underlying assets, particularly equity securities. Other components of noninterest income, primarily brokerage fees, are at risk to changes in the level of market activity.  For further discussion of market risk, see Note 10 to these consolidated financial statements and pages 54-60 in the Corporation’s 2007 Annual Report.

 

Critical Accounting Policies

 

The Corporation’s consolidated financial statements are prepared based on the application of accounting policies, the most significant of which are described in Note 1 to these consolidated financial statements included in the Corporation’s 2007 Annual Report, as updated in Note 1 to the unaudited consolidated financial statements in this report. These policies require numerous estimates and strategic or economic assumptions, which may prove inaccurate or subject to variations. Changes in underlying factors, assumptions or estimates could have a material impact on the Corporation’s future financial condition and results of operations. The most critical of these significant accounting policies are the policies for allowance for credit losses, pension plan accounting, income taxes and valuation methodologies. These policies are reviewed with the Audit Committee of the Corporation’s Board of Directors and are discussed more fully on pages 62-66 of the Corporation’s 2007 Annual Report.  As of the date of this report, the Corporation does not believe that there has been a material change in the nature or categories of its critical accounting policies or its estimates and assumptions from those discussed in its 2007 Annual Report, aside from certain refinements to estimates and assumptions related to the January 1, 2008 adoption of SFAS 157, “Fair Value Measurements,” (SFAS 157) as discussed below and described in greater detail in Note 13 to these consolidated financial statements.

 

Fair Valuation of Financial Instruments

 

On January 1, 2008, the Corporation adopted SFAS 157 which defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell a financial asset or paid to transfer a financial liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.

 

The Corporation utilizes fair value measurements to record fair value adjustments to certain financial instruments and to determine fair value disclosures. SFAS 157 differentiates between those assets and liabilities required to be carried at fair value at every reporting period (“recurring”) and those assets and liabilities that are only required to be adjusted to fair value under certain circumstances (“nonrecurring”). Securities available-for-sale, trading securities, derivatives and certain liabilities are financial instruments recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. Additionally, from time to time, the Corporation may be required to record at fair value other financial assets on a nonrecurring basis, such as loans held for sale, loans held for investment and certain other assets. These nonrecurring fair value adjustments typically involve application of lower of cost or market accounting or write-downs of individual assets. Further, the notes to these consolidated financial statements include information about the extent to which fair value is used to measure assets and liabilities and the valuation methodologies used.

 

SFAS 157 establishes a three-level hierarchy for disclosure of assets and liabilities recorded at fair value.  The classification of assets and liabilities within the hierarchy is based on whether the inputs to the valuation methodology used for measurement are observable or unobservable. Observable inputs reflect market-derived or market-based information obtained from independent sources, while unobservable inputs reflect management’s estimates about market data.

 

Level 1

 

Valuation is based upon quoted prices for identical instruments traded in active markets. Level 1 instruments include securities traded on active exchange markets, such as the New York Stock Exchange, as well as U.S. Treasury securities that are traded by dealers or brokers in active over-the-counter markets.

 

 

 

Level 2

 

Valuation is based upon quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active, and model-based valuation techniques for which all significant assumptions are observable in the market. Level 2 instruments include securities traded in less active dealer or broker markets.

 

 

 

Level 3

 

Valuation is generated from model-based techniques that use at least one significant assumption not observable in the market. These unobservable assumptions reflect estimates of assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. Valuation techniques include use of option pricing models, discounted cash flow models and similar techniques.

 

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For assets and liabilities recorded at fair value, it is the Corporation’s policy to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when developing fair value measurements for those items where there is an active market.  When available, the Corporation utilizes quoted market prices to measure fair value.  If market prices are not available, fair value measurement is based upon models that use primarily market-based or independently sourced market parameters, including interest rate yield curves, prepayment speeds, option volatilities and currency rates. Substantially all of the Corporation’s financial instruments use either of the foregoing methodologies, collectively Level 1 and Level 2 measurements, to determine fair value adjustments recorded in the Corporation’s financial statements.  However, in certain cases, when market observable inputs for model-based valuation techniques may not be readily available, the Corporation is required to make judgments about assumptions market participants would use in estimating the fair value of the financial instrument.  The models used by the Corporation to determine fair value adjustments are periodically evaluated by management for relevance under current facts and circumstances.

 

The degree of management judgment involved in determining the fair value of a financial instrument is dependent upon the availability of quoted market prices or observable market parameters. For financial instruments that trade actively and have quoted market prices or observable market parameters, there is minimal subjectivity involved in measuring fair value.  When observable market prices and parameters are not fully available, management judgment is necessary to estimate fair value.  In addition, changes in market conditions may reduce the availability of quoted prices or observable data.  For example, reduced liquidity in the capital markets or changes in secondary market activities could result in observable market inputs becoming unavailable. Therefore, when market data is not available, the Corporation would use valuation techniques requiring more management judgment to estimate the appropriate fair value measurement.

 

At September 30, 2008, $8.8 billion, or 14 percent of total assets, consisted of financial instruments recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. Substantially all of these financial instruments were measured using valuation methodologies involving market-based or market-derived information, collectively Level 1 and 2 measurements. Less than one percent of these financial assets were measured using model-based techniques, or Level 3 measurements. The financial assets valued using Level 3 measurements included warrants and securities in less liquid markets.  At September 30, 2008, one percent of total liabilities, or $516 million, consisted of financial instruments recorded at fair value on a recurring basis.

 

At September 30, 2008, $970 million, or two percent of total assets, consisted of financial instruments recorded at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. Approximately 95 percent of these financial instruments were measured using model-based techniques, or Level 3 measurements, and the remainder of these financial instruments were measured using Level 2 measurement valuation methodologies involving market-based or market-derived information.  The financial assets valued using Level 3 measurements included private equity investments, loan servicing rights and certain foreclosed assets.  At September 30, 2008, no liabilities were measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis.

 

See Note 13 to these consolidated financial statements for a complete discussion on the Corporation’s use of fair valuation of financial instruments and the related measurement techniques.

 

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ITEM 4.  Controls and Procedures

 

(a)     Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures. The Corporation maintains a set of disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)) that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Corporation in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to the Corporation’s management, including the Corporation’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, to evaluate the effectiveness of the Corporation’s disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this quarterly report (the “Evaluation Date”).  Based on the evaluation, the Corporation’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that, as of the Evaluation Date, the Corporation’s disclosure controls and procedures are effective.

 

(b)    Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. During the period to which this report relates, there have not been any changes in the Corporation’s internal controls over financial reporting procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that have materially affected, or that are reasonably likely to materially affect, such controls.

 

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PART II.  OTHER INFORMATION

 

ITEM 1.  Legal Proceedings

 

Comerica Securities, Inc. (“Comerica Securities”), an indirect subsidiary of the Registrant, entered into an agreement in principle, attached hereto as Exhibit 10.1 (the “Term Sheet”), with the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”), effective September 18, 2008, to resolve FINRA’s auction-rate securities (“ARS”) investigation of Comerica Securities.

 

Among other things, the Term Sheet indicated that Comerica Securities, or an affiliate, will offer to repurchase at par ARS that are subject to auctions that have not been successful as of the date of the Term Sheet and that are not subject to current calls or redemptions (“Eligible ARS”) from the following types of investors who purchased ARS through Comerica Securities at any time between May 31, 2006 and February 28, 2008 into accounts maintained at Comerica Securities: (i) natural persons, (ii) non-profit charitable organizations and (iii) religious corporations or entities, as well as other beneficial holders, including corporations, trusts, pension plans and other entities with total ARS account values held at Comerica Securities of up to $10 million (collectively, the “Retail Investors”) (the “Buyback”). The Buyback of Eligible ARS from Retail Investors will commence no later than thirty (30) days following the date a Letter of Acceptance Waiver and Consent (“AWC”) is accepted by FINRA and be completed no later than sixty (60) days thereafter such AWC acceptance date.

 

The Term Sheet also provided that Comerica Securities will: (1) within six (6) months following the date an AWC is accepted by FINRA, use its “best efforts” to offer to provide liquidity to all other investors who are not Retail Investors and who purchased Eligible ARS from Comerica Securities at any time between May 31, 2006 and February 28, 2008, (2) pay the difference between par and the price at which a Retail Investor sold ARS below par between February 28, 2008 and the date of the Term Sheet, (3) notify Retail Investors that an independent arbitrator selected under the auspices of FINRA will be available to arbitrate any Retail Investor consequential damages claims, and (4) submit an AWC under which it neither admits nor denies any allegations of wrongdoing, and pursuant to which Comerica Securities will agree to the imposition of a censure and the payment to FINRA of a $750,000 fine. Comerica Securities further agreed to provide notice to Retail Investors of the terms set forth in the Term Sheet no later than ten (10) days after FINRA’s acceptance of the AWC. Upon acceptance of the fully executed AWC, FINRA shall conclude its investigation relating to the liability of Comerica Securities.

 

In addition, Comerica Securities, in conjunction with Comerica Bank, separately offered to repurchase at par ARS held for sale by its institutional clients - businesses and other entities with ARS account values of in excess of $10 million - who purchased ARS through Comerica Securities prior to February 28, 2008. These repurchases will occur between October 1, 2008 and December 19, 2008.

 

Comerica Securities and Comerica Bank also reached an agreement with the State of Michigan Attorney General and the Michigan Office of Financial and Insurance Regulation to resolve ARS investigations of Comerica Securities. Pursuant to the terms of such agreement, dated September 18, 2008, Comerica Securities agreed to pay the State of Michigan a civil penalty of $10,000 and contribute $100,000 to the Michigan Investor Protection Fund.

 

Comerica Securities, in conjunction with Comerica Bank, as noted on page 31, began offering to repurchase eligible ARS on October 1, 2008 and expects to conclude the offers to repurchase within the agreed upon time frame.  Comerica Securities is responsible for the payment of the noted fine, penalty and contribution.

 

For additional information regarding the Corporation’s legal proceedings, see “Part 1. Item I. Note 12 – Contingent Liabilities,” which is incorporated herein by reference.

 

ITEM 1A.  Risk Factors

 

There has been no material change in the Corporation’s risk factors as previously disclosed in our Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 in response to Part I, Item 1A. of such Form 10-K.  Such risk factors are incorporated herein by reference.

 

ITEM 2.  Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

 

For information regarding the Corporation’s share repurchase activity, see “Part 1. Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Capital,” which is incorporated herein by reference.

 

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ITEM 6.  Exhibits

 

(10.1)                   FINRA Settlement Term Sheet

 

(31.1)                   Chairman, President and CEO Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Periodic Report (pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002)

 

(31.2)                   Executive Vice President and CFO Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Periodic Report (pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002)

 

(32)                           Section 1350 Certification of Periodic Report (pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002)

 

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SIGNATURE

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

 

 

 

COMERICA INCORPORATED

 

 

(Registrant)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Marvin J. Elenbaas .

 

 

Marvin J. Elenbaas

 

 

Senior Vice President and

 

 

Controller

 

 

(Chief Accounting Officer and
Duly Authorized Officer of the
Registrant)

 

 

 

Date: October 31, 2008

 

 

 

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EXHIBIT INDEX

 

Exhibit
No.

 

Description

 

 

 

10.1

 

FINRA Settlement Term Sheet

 

 

 

31.1

 

Chairman, President and CEO Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Periodic Report (pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002)

 

 

 

31.2

 

Executive Vice President and CFO Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Periodic Report (pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002)

 

 

 

32

 

Section 1350 Certification of Periodic Report (pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002)

 

60