FORM 6-K

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

Report of Foreign Issuer

Pursuant to Rule 13a-16 or 15d-16 of

the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

 

For the month of ….		May		…………………………………………………… ,		2016

 

		CANON INC.
		(Translation of registrant’s name into English)
		30-2, Shimomaruko 3-Chome, Ohta-ku, Tokyo 146-8501, Japan
		(Address of principal executive offices)

[Indicate by check mark whether the registrant files or will file annual reports under cover Form 20-F or Form 40-F.

 

Form 20-F		X		Form 40-F

[Indicate by check mark whether the registrant by furnishing the information contained in this Form is also thereby furnishing the information to the Commission pursuant to Rule 12g3-2(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

 

Yes				No		X

[If “Yes” is marked, indicate below the file number assigned to the registrant in connection with Rule 12g3-2(b):82-.…………………

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

 

 

Date….		May 12, 2016				By……/s/…… Eiji Shimizu ………
						(Signature)*

 

*Print the name and title of the signing officer under his signature.

The following materials are included.

1. Quarterly Report filed with the Japanese government pursuant to the Financial Instruments and Exchange Law of Japan For the first quarter ended March 31, 2016

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[English summary with full translation of consolidated financial information]

 

 

 

Quarterly Report filed with the Japanese government

pursuant to

the Financial Instruments and Exchange Law of Japan

For the first quarter ended

March 31, 2016

 

 

CANON  INC.

Tokyo, Japan

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CONTENTS

 

						Page
I		Corporate Information
		(1)		Consolidated Financial Summary			2
		(2)		Description of Business			2
II		The Business
		(1)		Risk Factors			3
		(2)		Significant Business Contracts Entered into in the First Quarter of Fiscal 2016			3
		(3)		Operating Results			3
III		Company Information
		(1)		Shares			6
		(2)		Directors and Executive Officers			8
IV		Financial Statements
		(1)		Consolidated Financial Statements			9
		(2)		Other Information			36

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Disclaimer Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This quarterly report includes forward-looking statements (within the meaning of Section 27A of the U.S. Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934) concerning Canon Inc. (the “Company”) and its subsidiaries (collectively “Canon”). To the extent that statements in this quarterly report do not relate to historical or current facts, they constitute forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are based on the current assumptions and beliefs of Canon in light of the information currently available to them, and involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors. Such risks, uncertainties and other factors may cause Canon’s actual results, performance, achievements or financial position to be materially different from any future results, performance, achievements or financial position expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. Canon undertakes no obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statements after the date of this quarterly report. Investors are advised to consult any further disclosures by Canon in its subsequent filings with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and its other filings.

The risks, uncertainties and other factors referred to above include, but are not limited to, foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations; the uncertainty of Canon’s ability to implement its plans to localize production and other measures to reduce the impact of foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations; uncertainty as to economic conditions in Canon’s major markets; uncertainty of continued demand for Canon’s high-value-added products; Canon’s ability to continue to develop products and to market products that incorporate new technology on a timely basis, are competitively priced, and achieve market acceptance; the possibility of losses resulting from foreign currency transactions designed to reduce financial risks from changes in foreign currency exchange rates; disasters, outages or similar events; and inventory risk due to disruptions in supply chains and shifts in market demand.

 

1

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I . Corporate Information

 

(1)	Consolidated Financial Summary

 

		Millions of yen (except per share amounts)
		Three months ended   March 31, 2016				Three months ended   March 31, 2015				Year ended   December 31, 2015
Net sales			797,230				857,445				3,800,271
Income before income taxes			45,761				61,281				347,438
Net income attributable to Canon Inc.			27,991				33,930				220,209
Comprehensive income (loss)			(62,765)				(15,896)				174,081
Canon Inc. shareholders’ equity			2,822,828				2,869,104				2,966,415
Total equity			3,032,674				3,030,369				3,184,463
Total assets			4,839,157				4,284,215				4,427,773
Net income attributable to Canon Inc. shareholders per share:
Basic (yen)			25.63				31.07				201.65
Diluted (yen)			25.63				31.07				201.65
Canon Inc. shareholders’ equity to total assets (%)			58.3				67.0				67.0
Cash flows from operating activities			114,622				99,452				474,724
Cash flows from investing activities			(720,229)				(33,721)				(453,619)
Cash flows from financing activities			570,718				(94,603)				(210,202)
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period			580,954				793,701				633,613

 

Notes:

1.	Canon’s consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

 

2.	Consumption tax is excluded from the stated amount of net sales.

 

(2)	Description of Business

Canon prepares quarterly consolidated financial statements in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”). Financial information presented in section “II. The Business” is also in conformity with U.S. GAAP.

Canon (consisting of the Company, 325 consolidated subsidiaries and 5 affiliates accounted for using the equity method, collectively, the “Group”) is engaged in the development, manufacture, sale and service primarily in the fields of office, imaging system, industry and others. No material change in Canon’s business has occurred during the three months ended March 31, 2016.

No additions or removals of significant group entities have occurred during the three months ended March 31, 2016.

 

2

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II.    The Business

 

(1)	Risk Factors

No material changes are recognized pursuant to the risk factors of Canon’s business indicated in the Annual Securities Report (Yukashoken Houkokusho) of the previous fiscal year.

 

(2)	Significant Business Contracts Entered into in the First Quarter of Fiscal 2016

No material contracts were entered into during the three months ended March 31, 2016 except for the contracts related to the right to acquire all the ordinary shares of Toshiba Medical Systems Corporation which are disclosed in Note 2.

 

(3)	Operating Results

Looking back at the global economy in the first quarter of 2016, the U.S. economy continued recovering smoothly as consumer spending and employment conditions improved. In Europe, the economy recovered moderately amid decreases in unemployment rates in Germany and the U.K. In contrast, the Chinese economy continued its deceleration and the economies of emerging countries, including those of Southeast Asia and Russia, remained stagnant owing to further declines in oil prices. In Japan, although weaknesses were seen in consumer spending, corporate earnings and employment conditions continued to improve. As a result, the global economy overall continued to realize moderate growth.

As for the markets in which Canon operates amid these conditions, demand for office multifunction devices (MFDs) remained at around the same level as for the previous year, while the market for laser printers shrunk due to the sluggish market in emerging countries. As for cameras, although demand for interchangeable-lens digital cameras continued to recover in developed countries, demand across Asia continued to decline compared with last year. Likewise, sales volumes of digital compact cameras declined in all regions. Additionally, demand for inkjet printers continued to decline, mainly in emerging countries in Asia. Within the Industry and Others sector, however, demand for lithography equipment used in the production of semiconductor devices and flat panel displays (FPDs) enjoyed strong growth thanks to active capital investment by memory device and panel manufacturers.

The average value of the yen during the quarter was ¥114.91 against the U.S. dollar, a year-on-year appreciation of approximately ¥4, and ¥127.01 against the euro, a year-on-year appreciation of approximately ¥7, which had a negative impact on net sales of ¥31.0 billion and operating profit of ¥13.3 billion.

During the first quarter, although office MFDs enjoyed solid demand, mainly for color models, total sales volume of laser printers declined due to the contraction of the market. Although harsh conditions for interchangeable-lens digital cameras in Asia remained the same as during the previous year, demand remained firm in developed countries with unit sales remaining essentially unchanged from the same period of the previous year. As for digital compact cameras, unit sales declined in all regions compared with the previous year. Looking at inkjet printers, despite the shrinking market, sales volume remained at approximately the same level as for the previous year thanks to such factors as expanded sales of new products in developed countries. Also, sales of semiconductor lithography equipment and FPD lithography equipment exceeded those for the previous year thanks to favorable market conditions. Consequently, along with the negative effect of currency exchange rates, first-quarter net sales decreased 7.0% year on year to ¥797.2 billion. Despite the appreciation of the yen, the gross profit ratio decreased by only 0.3 points year on year to 50.8% owing to ongoing cost-cutting activities and efforts aimed at controlling price reductions. Operating expenses decreased 2.1% year on year to ¥364.7 billion thanks to Group-wide efforts to thoroughly reduce spending. As a result, first-quarter operating profit decreased by 39.4% to ¥40.1 billion. Other income (deductions) increased by ¥10.6 billion due to foreign currency exchange gains while income before income taxes decreased by 25.3% year on year to ¥45.8 billion and net income attributable to Canon Inc. decreased by 17.5% to ¥28.0 billion.

 

3

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(3)	Operating Results (continued)

 

Basic net income attributable to Canon Inc. shareholders per share for the quarter was ¥25.63, a year-on-year decrease of ¥5.44.

Looking at Canon’s first-quarter performance by business unit, beginning with the Office Business Unit, unit sales for office MFDs overall increased from the same period of the previous year, including monochrome models, which had been facing decreasing demand. This was thanks to strong sales of color models, led by small-office/home-office color A3 (12”x18”) imageRUNNER ADVANCE C3300-series models launched in the previous year, and the imagePRESS C10000VP-series, which targets the production market. Among high-speed continuous-feed printers and wide-format printers, the Océ-produced VarioPrint i300 has been steadily receiving orders. As for laser printers, amid continued sluggishness in the market, unit sales volume declined from the corresponding period of the previous year as a result of a shift in sales strategy away from selling low-end models with low profitability in favor of efforts aimed at ensuring profitability through the proactive sales promotion of high-added-value models, which will lead to consumables sales. These factors, coupled with the negative effect of unfavorable currency exchange rates, resulted in total sales for the business unit of ¥454.4 billion, a year-on-year decrease of 14.1%, while operating profit totaled ¥44.7 billion, a year-on-year decrease of 37.7%.

Within the Imaging System Business Unit, sales volume of interchangeable-lens digital cameras remained at around the same level as the previous year owing to healthy demand for the advanced-amateur-model EOS 80D, launched this year, and the EOS M3 and M10, which were released the previous year, in Japan and other Asian markets. As for digital compact cameras, while sales volume declined amid the ongoing contraction of the market, PowerShot G-series cameras, the lineup of which grew to five models in the previous year, enjoyed solid demand. As for inkjet printers, sales promotions for new products contributed to growth in unit sales in developed markets, such as those in Europe, the U.S. and Japan, while models launched in the previous year equipped with large-capacity ink tanks enjoyed strong demand in Asia, a region in which market conditions have remained sluggish. Consequently, unit sales for the segment remained at approximately the same level as for the corresponding period of the previous year. As a result, along with the negative effect of unfavorable currency exchange rates, sales for the business unit decreased by 10.6% to ¥234.8 billion year on year while operating profit totaled ¥19.6 billion, a year-on-year decline of 32.6%.

In the Industry and Others Business Unit, within the semiconductor lithography equipment segment, unit sales increased from the same period of the previous year, boosted by active capital investment in response to the growing variety of semiconductor-equipped products associated with the prevalence of the IoT (Internet of Things). Unit sales of FPD lithography equipment also increased, supported by favorable market conditions. As for network cameras, sales by Axis, which was consolidated in the second quarter last year, contributed significantly to robust sales growth, along with increased sales of Canon-brand products. In addition, Canon Tokki, which sells manufacturing equipment for organic LED (OLED) panel devices, posted an increase in sales amid brisk capital investment by panel manufacturers. Consequently, sales for the business unit totaled ¥130.2 billion, an increase of 45.8% year on year. As for operating profit, despite an improvement of ¥7.2 billion compared with the previous year, the business unit was in the red by ¥0.6 billion owing to upfront investment in next-generation technologies and new businesses.

 

4

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(3)	Operating Results (continued)

 

Cash Flows

During the first quarter of 2016, cash flow from operating activities totaled ¥114.6 billion, an increase of ¥15.2 billion compared with the previous year owing to improvements in working capital, such as trade receivables. Cash flow from investing activities increased ¥686.5 billion year on year to ¥720.2 billion due to the payment for the right to acquire all of the ordinary shares of Toshiba Medical Systems Corporation (TMSC). Accordingly, free cash flow totaled negative ¥605.6 billion, a decrease of ¥671.3 billion compared with the corresponding year-ago period.

Cash flow from financing activities recorded proceeds of ¥570.7 billion, mainly owing to a provisional bank borrowing related to TMSC.

Owing to these factors, as well as the negative impact from foreign currency translation adjustments, cash and cash equivalents decreased by ¥52.7 billion to ¥581.0 billion from the end of the previous year.

Management Issues to be Addressed

No material changes or issues with respect to business operations and finances have occurred during the three months ended March 31, 2016.

Research and Development Expenditures

Canon’s research and development expenditures for the three months ended March 31, 2016 totaled ¥78.9 billion.

Property, Plant and Equipment

(1)    Major Property, Plant and Equipment

There were no significant changes to the status of existing major property, plant and equipment during the first three months ended March 31, 2016.

(2)    Prospect of Capital Investment in the First Quarter of Fiscal 2016

The new construction of property, plant and equipment, which had been in progress as of December 31, 2015 and was completed during the three months ended March 31, 2016, is as follows:

 

Name and location				Principal activities and products manufactured				Date of completion
Canon Inc.     Toride Plant     Ibaraki, Japan				Manufacturing Training Center				February 2016

There were no significant changes in the plans relative to the retirement of property, plant and equipment during the three months ended March 31, 2016. Moreover, there were no significant additional plans for new construction or retirement of property, plant and equipment during the three months ended March 31, 2016.

 

5

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III . Company Information

 

(1)

Shares

Total number of authorized shares is 3,000,000,000 shares. The common stock of Canon is listed on the Tokyo, Nagoya, Fukuoka, Sapporo and New York Stock Exchanges. Total issued shares are as follows:

 

Stock Acquisition Rights

Not applicable.

Exercise status of bonds with share subscription rights containing an adjustable exercise price clause

Not applicable.

Rights Plan

Not applicable.

Change in Issued Shares, Common Stock and Additional Paid in Capital

 

Major Shareholders

Not applicable.

 

6

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(1)	Shares (continued)

 

Voting Rights

The information provided below is based on the latest register of shareholders as of December 31, 2015.

 

				As of December 31, 2015
Classification				Number of shares   (shares)						Number of voting   rights (units)
Shares without voting rights					-						-
Shares with restricted voting rights (Treasury stock, etc.)					-						-
Shares with restricted voting rights (Others)					-						-
Shares with full voting rights (Treasury stock, etc.)					(treasury stock) 241,690,800						-
Shares with full voting rights (Others)					1,090,538,400						10,905,384
Fractional unit shares (Note)					1,534,264						-
Total number of issued shares					1,333,763,464						-
Total voting rights held by all shareholders					-						10,905,384

Note:

In “Fractional unit shares” under “Number of shares,” 40 shares of treasury stock are included.

Treasury Stock, etc.

		Number of shares owned (Number of shares)				Number of shares owned /     Number of shares issued
Canon Inc.		241,690,800				18.12%
Total		241,690,800				18.12%

 

7

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(2)	Directors and Executive Officers

There were no changes in members of directors and auditors, and their functions between the filing date of the Annual Securities Report (Yukashoken Houkokusho) for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2015 and the end of this quarter.

There were no changes in members of executive officers and their functions between the filing date of the Annual Securities Report (Yukashoken Houkokusho) for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2015 and the end of this quarter.

 

8

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IV . Financial Statements (Unaudited)

 

(1)	Consolidated Financial Statements

Index of Consolidated Financial Statements of Canon Inc. and Subsidiaries:

 

		Page
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015			10
Consolidated Statements of Income and Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income   for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015			12
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015			13
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements			14

 

9

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CANON INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Consolidated Balance Sheets

 

 

		Millions of yen
		March 31, 2016				December 31, 2015
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents (Note 15)			580,954				633,613
Short-term investments (Note 2)			21,271				20,651
Trade receivables, net (Note 3)			498,186				588,001
Inventories (Note 4)			521,404				501,895
Prepaid expenses and other current assets (Notes 11 and 15)			243,598				313,019
Total current assets			1,865,413				2,057,179
Noncurrent receivables (Note 12)			28,551				29,476
Investments (Note 2)			724,006				67,862
Property, plant and equipment, net (Note 5)			1,201,530				1,219,652
Intangible assets, net			229,653				241,208
Goodwill			465,069				478,943
Other assets (Note 15)			324,935				333,453
Total assets			4,839,157				4,427,773

 

10

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CANON INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Consolidated Balance Sheets (continued)

 

 

 

		Millions of yen
		March 31, 2016				December 31, 2015
Liabilities and equity
Current liabilities:
Short-term loans and current portion of long-term debt (Note 6)			660,625				688
Trade payables (Note 7)			283,698				278,255
Accrued income taxes			22,367				47,431
Accrued expenses (Note 12)			302,658				317,653
Other current liabilities (Note 11)			169,812				171,302
Total current liabilities			1,439,160				815,329
Long-term debt, excluding current installments			794				881
Accrued pension and severance cost			278,303				296,262
Other noncurrent liabilities			88,226				130,838
Total liabilities			1,806,483				1,243,310
Commitments and contingent liabilities (Note 12)
Equity:
Canon Inc. shareholders’ equity (Note 8):
Common stock			174,762				174,762
(Number of authorized shares)			(3,000,000,000)				(3,000,000,000)
(Number of issued shares)			(1,333,763,464)				(1,333,763,464)
Additional paid-in capital			401,374				401,358
Legal reserve			65,603				65,289
Retained earnings			3,310,930				3,365,158
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (Note 9)			(119,428)				(29,742)
Treasury stock, at cost			(1,010,413)				(1,010,410)
(Number of shares)			(241,691,831)				(241,690,840)
Total Canon Inc. shareholders’ equity			2,822,828				2,966,415
Noncontrolling interests (Note 8)			209,846				218,048
Total equity (Note 8)			3,032,674				3,184,463
Total liabilities and equity			4,839,157				4,427,773

 

11

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CANON INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Consolidated Statements of Income and Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

Consolidated Statements of Income

		Millions of yen
		Three months ended   March 31, 2016				Three months ended   March 31, 2015
Net sales			797,230				857,445
Cost of sales			392,484				418,881
Gross profit			404,746				438,564
Operating expenses:
Selling, general and administrative expenses (Note 15)			285,789				293,128
Research and development expenses			78,870				79,239
			364,659				372,367
Operating profit			40,087				66,197
Other income (deductions):
Interest and dividend income			1,107				1,587
Interest expense			(180)				(101)
Other, net (Notes 11 and 15)			4,747				(6,402)
			5,674				(4,916)
Income before income taxes			45,761				61,281
Income taxes (Note 15)			16,545				26,429
Consolidated net income			29,216				34,852
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests			1,225				922
Net income attributable to Canon Inc.			27,991				33,930
		Yen				Yen
Net income attributable to Canon Inc. shareholders per share (Note 10):
Basic			25.63				31.07
Diluted			25.63				31.07

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

		Millions of yen
		Three months ended   March 31, 2016				Three months ended   March 31, 2015
Consolidated net income			29,216				34,852
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax (Note 9):
Foreign currency translation adjustments			(91,463)				(54,128)
Net unrealized gains and losses on securities			(4,842)				472
Net gains and losses on derivative instruments			1,512				3,213
Pension liability adjustments			2,812				(305)
			(91,981)				(50,748)
Comprehensive income (loss) (Note 8)			(62,765)				(15,896)
Less: Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests			(812)				740
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Canon Inc.			(61,953)				(16,636)

 

12

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CANON INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

 

		Millions of yen
		Three months ended   March 31, 2016				Three months ended   March 31, 2015
Cash flows from operating activities:
Consolidated net income			29,216				34,852
Adjustments to reconcile consolidated net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization			60,210				64,416
Loss on disposal of fixed assets			2,522				916
Deferred income taxes			(1,340)				(713)
Decrease in trade receivables			71,427				67,368
Increase in inventories			(38,385)				(52,604)
Increase in trade payables			11,461				27,012
Decrease in accrued income taxes			(24,484)				(23,650)
Decrease in accrued expenses			(5,375)				(8,053)
Increase in accrued (prepaid) pension and severance cost			2,045				1,202
Other, net			7,325				(11,294)
Net cash provided by operating activities			114,622				99,452
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of fixed assets (Note 5)			(52,214)				(56,344)
Proceeds from sale of fixed assets (Note 5)			138				495
Purchases of available-for-sale securities			-				(73)
Proceeds from sale and maturity of available-for-sale securities			407				-
(Increase) decrease in time deposits, net			(1,061)				27,808
Acquisitions of businesses, net of cash acquired			(2,870)				(4,351)
Purchases of other investments (Note 2)			(665,561)				(963)
Other, net			932				(293)
Net cash used in investing activities			(720,229)				(33,721)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt			120				248
Repayments of long-term debt			(273)				(358)
Increase in short-term loans, net (Note 6)			660,000				-
Purchases of noncontrolling interests			(4,750)				-
Dividends paid			(81,905)				(92,806)
Repurchases and reissuance of treasury stock			(3)				364
Other, net			(2,471)				(2,051)
Net cash used in financing activities			570,718				(94,603)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents			(17,770)				(22,007)
Net change in cash and cash equivalents			(52,659)				(50,879)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period			633,613				844,580
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period			580,954				793,701
Supplemental disclosure for cash flow information:
Cash paid during the period for:
Interest			52				97
Income taxes			31,718				43,109

 

13

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CANON INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

(1)	Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies

 

(a)

Basis of Presentation

The Company issued convertible debentures in the United States in May 1969 and established a program in which its American Depositary Receipts (ADRs) were traded in the U.S. over-the-counter market. Since then, under the U.S. Securities Act of 1933 and the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Company has prepared its annual consolidated financial statements in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) and filed them with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on Form 20-F. The Company’s ADRs were listed on the NYSE in September 2000 after being quoted on NASDAQ from February 1972 to September 2000.

Canon’s quarterly consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with the recognition and measurement criteria of accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. Certain disclosures have been omitted.

The number of consolidated subsidiaries and affiliated companies that were accounted for by the equity method as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 are summarized as follows:

 

 

(b)

Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company, its majority owned subsidiaries and those variable interest entities where the Company or its consolidated subsidiaries are the primary beneficiaries. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated.

 

(c)

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In November 2015, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued an amendment which requires deferred tax assets and liabilities be classified as noncurrent in the consolidated balance sheets. Canon early adopted this amended guidance from the quarter beginning January 1, 2016, on a prospective basis, and prior periods were not retrospectively adjusted. Canon’s current deferred tax assets were ¥55,108 million and current deferred tax liabilities were ¥2,682 million as of December 31, 2015.

In May 2014, the FASB issued a new accounting standard related to revenue from contracts with customers. This standard requires an entity to recognize revenue when promised goods or services are transferred to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. This standard was originally planned to be effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016, however, in August 2015, the FASB issued an accounting standard update for a one-year deferral of the effective date. Early adoption as of the original effective date is permitted. This standard may be applied retrospectively to each prior reporting period presented or retrospectively with the cumulative effect of initially applying this standard recognized at the date of initial application, although Canon has not selected a transition method. In March 2016, the FASB issued an accounting standard update which clarifies the implementation guidance for principal versus agent considerations. In April 2016, the FASB issued an accounting standard update which clarifies guidance related to identifying performance obligations and licensing implementation guidance. These standard updates have the same effective date as the original standard. Canon is currently evaluating the adoption date and the effect that the adoption of this standard and these standard updates will have on its consolidated results of operations and financial condition.

 

14

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CANON INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

 

In July 2015, the FASB issued an amendment which requires an entity to measure inventory at the lower of cost and net realizable value. Net realizable value is the estimated selling prices in the ordinary course of business, less reasonably predictable costs of completion, disposal, and transportation. This guidance is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016, and early adoption is permitted. Canon is currently evaluating the adoption date and does not expect the adoption of this guidance to have a material impact on its consolidated results of operations and financial condition.

In January 2016, the FASB issued an amendment which addresses certain aspects of recognition, measurement, presentation, and disclosure of financial instruments. This guidance includes the requirement that equity investments be measured at fair value with changes in the fair value recognized in net income. This guidance is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, and early adoption is permitted for certain provisions. Canon is currently evaluating the adoption date and the effect that the adoption of this guidance will have on its consolidated results of operations and financial condition.

In February 2016, the FASB issued an amendment which requires lessees to recognize most leases on their balance sheets but recognize expenses on their income statements in a manner similar to current guidance. For lessors, the guidance modifies the classification criteria and the accounting for sales-type and direct financing leases. This guidance is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018, and early adoption is permitted. Canon is currently evaluating the adoption date and the effect that the adoption of this guidance will have on its consolidated results of operations and financial condition.

 

15

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CANON INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

 

 

(2)	Investments

On March 17, 2016, Canon acquired a right to acquire all the ordinary shares of Toshiba Medical Systems Corporation (“TMSC”), which is exercisable upon the clearance of necessary competition regulatory authorities, for ¥665,498 million. TMSC, in connection with our rights acquisition, is considered a variable interest entity under ASC 810. Canon does have certain protective rights including a right to refuse significant changes in capital structure of TMSC. However, under the terms of the right and related agreements, Canon does not have any ability to exercise any power to direct the activities of or to execute significant influence over TMSC pending clearance of competition regulatory authorities. Accordingly, we have accounted for this investment on a cost basis as of March 31, 2016, and it is included in investments in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet. The maximum exposure to loss associated with the right acquired at March 31, 2016 is limited to the acquisition cost. The fair value of this investment approximates its cost at March 31, 2016.

The cost, gross unrealized holding gains, gross unrealized holding losses and fair value for available-for-sale securities included in investments by major security type at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 were as follows:

 

 

16

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CANON INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

 

(2)	Investments (continued)

Maturities of available-for-sale debt securities included in investments in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets were as follows at March 31, 2016:

 

		Millions of yen
		Cost				Fair value
Due after five years			294				466
			294				466

Realized gains and losses are determined using the average cost method and are reflected in earnings. The gross realized gains were nil for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015. The gross realized losses, including write-downs for impairments that were other than temporary, were ¥448 million and nil for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015.

At March 31, 2016, substantially all of the available-for-sale securities with unrealized losses had been in a continuous unrealized loss position for less than twelve months.

Time deposits with original maturities of more than three months are ¥21,271 million and ¥20,651 million at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively, and are included in short-term investments in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.

Aggregate cost of non-marketable equity securities accounted for under the cost method totaled ¥667,992 million and ¥2,570 million at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively. The increase in 2016 is primarily related to a right to acquire the ordinary shares of TMSC as described above. These investments were not evaluated for impairment at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively, because (a) Canon did not estimate the fair value of those investments as it was not practicable to estimate the fair value of the investments and (b) Canon did not identify any events or changes in circumstances that might have had significant adverse effects on the fair value of those investments.

 

17

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CANON INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

 

 

(3)	Trade Receivables

Trade receivables are summarized as follows:

 

(4)	Inventories

Inventories are summarized as follows:

 

(5)	Property, Plant and Equipment

Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and are summarized as follows:

Fixed assets presented in the consolidated statements of cash flows includes property, plant and equipment and intangible assets.

 

(6)	Short-Term Loans

Short-term loans consisting of bank borrowings were ¥660,025 million and ¥26 million at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively.

The increase in 2016 was due to the provisional borrowing of ¥660,000 million without collateral, related to a right to acquire the ordinary shares of TMSC. The interest rate on this borrowing was 0.17% as of March 31, 2016.

 

18

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CANON INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

 

 

(7)	Trade Payables

Trade payables are summarized as follows:

 

(8)

Equity

The change in the carrying amount of total equity, equity attributable to Canon Inc. shareholders and equity attributable to noncontrolling interests in the consolidated balance sheets for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015 are as follows:

 

		Millions of yen
		Canon Inc. shareholders’ equity				Noncontrolling interests				Total equity
Balance at December 31, 2015			2,966,415				218,048				3,184,463
Dividends to Canon Inc. shareholders			(81,905)				-				(81,905)
Dividends to noncontrolling interests			-				(2,368)				(2,368)
Equity transactions with noncontrolling interests and other			274				(5,022)				(4,748)
Comprehensive income:
Net income			27,991				1,225				29,216
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
Foreign currency translation adjustments			(88,744)				(2,719)				(91,463)
Net unrealized gains and losses on securities			(4,631)				(211)				(4,842)
Net gains and losses on derivative instruments			1,519				(7)				1,512
Pension liability adjustments			1,912				900				2,812
Total comprehensive income (loss)			(61,953)				(812)				(62,765)
Repurchases and reissuance of treasury stock			(3)				-				(3)
Balance at March 31, 2016			2,822,828				209,846				3,032,674

 

19

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CANON INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

 

Balance at December 31, 2014			2,978,184				162,574				3,140,758
Dividends to Canon Inc. shareholders			(92,806)				-				(92,806)
Dividends to noncontrolling interests			-				(2,048)				(2,048)
Equity transactions with noncontrolling interests and other			(2)				(1)				(3)
Comprehensive income:
Net income			33,930				922				34,852
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
Foreign currency translation adjustments			(53,730)				(398)				(54,128)
Net unrealized gains and losses on securities			253				219				472
Net gains and losses on derivative instruments			3,211				2				3,213
Pension liability adjustments			(300)				(5)				(305)
Total comprehensive income (loss)			(16,636)				740				(15,896)
Repurchases and reissuance of treasury stock			364				-				364
Balance at March 31, 2015			2,869,104				161,265				3,030,369

 

20

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CANON INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

 

 

(9)	Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

Changes in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015 are as follows:

 

		Millions of yen
		Foreign currency translation adjustments				Unrealized gains and losses on securities				Gains and losses on derivative instruments				Pension liability adjustments				Total
Balance at December 31, 2015			87,038				14,055				182				(131,017)				(29,742)
Equity transactions with noncontrolling interests and other			259				-				-				(1)				258
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications			(88,744)				(4,930)				1,521				1,847				(90,306)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)			-				299				(2)				65				362
Net change during the period			(88,485)				(4,631)				1,519				1,911				(89,686)
Balance at March 31, 2016			(1,447)				9,424				1,701				(129,106)				(119,428)

 

		Millions of yen
		Foreign currency translation adjustments				Unrealized gains and losses on securities				Gains and losses on derivative instruments				Pension liability adjustments				Total
Balance at December 31, 2014			144,557				12,546				(2,603)				(126,214)				28,286
Equity transactions with noncontrolling interests and other			-				-				-				-				-
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications			(53,730)				253				1,214				(330)				(52,593)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)			-				-				1,997				30				2,027
Net change during the period			(53,730)				253				3,211				(300)				(50,566)
Balance at March 31, 2015			90,827				12,799				608				(126,514)				(22,280)

 

21

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CANON INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

 

 

(9)	Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) (continued)

Reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015 are as follows:

 

		Millions of yen
		Amount reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)*1
		Three months       ended March 31, 2016				Three months   ended March 31, 2015				Affected line items in consolidated statements of income
Unrealized gains and losses on securities			448				-			Other, net
			(148)				-			Income taxes
			300				-			Consolidated net income
			(1)				-			Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests
			299				-			Net income attributable to Canon Inc.
Gains and losses on derivative instruments			(75)				2,984			Other, net
			73				(987)			Income taxes
			(2)				1,997			Consolidated net income
			-				-			Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests
			(2)				1,997			Net income attributable to Canon Inc.
Pension liability adjustments			29				(53)			*2
			44				77			Income taxes
			73				24			Consolidated net income
			(8)				6			Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests
			65				30			Net income attributable to Canon Inc.
Total amount reclassified, net of tax and noncontrolling interests			362				2,027

 

*1

Amounts in parentheses indicate gains in consolidated statements of income.

 

*2

This accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) component is included in the computation of net periodic pension cost.

 

22

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CANON INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

 

 

(10)	Net Income Attributable to Canon Inc. Shareholders per Share

A reconciliation of the numerators and denominators of basic and diluted net income attributable to Canon Inc. shareholders per share computations for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015 is as follows:

 

		Millions of yen
		Three months ended March 31, 2016				Three months ended March 31, 2015
Net income attributable to Canon Inc.			27,991				33,930
		Number of shares
		Three months ended March 31, 2016				Three months ended March 31, 2015
Average common shares outstanding			1,092,071,996				1,091,890,560
Effect of dilutive securities:
Stock options			-				60,862
Diluted common shares outstanding			1,092,071,996				1,091,951,422
		Yen
		Three months ended March 31, 2016				Three months ended March 31, 2015
Net income attributable to Canon Inc. shareholders per share:
Basic			25.63				31.07
Diluted			25.63				31.07

The computation of diluted net income attributable to Canon Inc. shareholders per share for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015 excludes certain outstanding stock options because the effect would be anti-dilutive.

 

23

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CANON INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

 

(11)	Derivatives and Hedging Activities

Risk management policy

Canon operates internationally, exposing it to the risk of changes in foreign currency exchange rates. Derivative financial instruments are comprised principally of foreign exchange contracts utilized by the Company and certain of its subsidiaries to reduce the risk. Canon assesses foreign currency exchange rate risk by continually monitoring changes in the exposures and by evaluating hedging opportunities. Canon does not hold or issue derivative financial instruments for trading purposes. Canon is also exposed to credit-related losses in the event of non-performance by counterparties to derivative financial instruments, but it is not expected that any counterparties will fail to meet their obligations. Most of the counterparties are internationally recognized financial institutions and selected by Canon taking into account their financial condition, and contracts are diversified across a number of major financial institutions.

Foreign currency exchange rate risk management

Canon’s international operations expose Canon to the risk of changes in foreign currency exchange rates. Canon uses foreign exchange contracts to manage certain foreign currency exchange exposures principally from the exchange of U.S. dollars and euros into Japanese yen. These contracts are primarily used to hedge the foreign currency exposure of forecasted intercompany sales and intercompany trade receivables that are denominated in foreign currencies. In accordance with Canon’s policy, a specific portion of foreign currency exposure resulting from forecasted intercompany sales are hedged using foreign exchange contracts which principally mature within three months.

Cash flow hedge

Changes in the fair value of derivative financial instruments designated as cash flow hedges, including foreign exchange contracts associated with forecasted intercompany sales, are reported in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). These amounts are subsequently reclassified into earnings through other income (deductions) in the same period as the hedged items affect earnings. Substantially all amounts recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as of March 31, 2016 are expected to be recognized in earnings over the next twelve months. Canon excludes the time value component from the assessment of hedge effectiveness. Changes in the fair value of a foreign exchange contract for the period between the date that the forecasted intercompany sales occur and its maturity date are recognized in earnings and not considered hedge ineffectiveness.

Derivatives not designated as hedges

Canon has entered into certain foreign exchange contracts to primarily offset the earnings impact related to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates associated with certain assets denominated in foreign currencies. Although these foreign exchange contracts have not been designated as hedges as required in order to apply hedge accounting, the contracts are effective from an economic perspective. The changes in the fair value of these contracts are recorded in earnings immediately.

 

24

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CANON INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

 

(11)	Derivatives and Hedging Activities (continued)

Contract amounts of foreign exchange contracts at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 are set forth below:

 

		Millions of yen
		March 31, 2016				December 31, 2015
To sell foreign currencies			244,749				228,053
To buy foreign currencies			33,793				37,540

Fair value of derivative instruments in the consolidated balance sheets

The following tables present Canon’s derivative instruments measured at gross fair value as reflected in the consolidated balance sheets at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015.

Derivatives designated as hedging instruments

 

		Millions of yen
		Balance sheet location		Fair value
				March 31, 2016				December 31, 2015
Assets:
Foreign exchange contracts		Prepaid expenses and other current assets			415				373
Liabilities:
Foreign exchange contracts		Other current liabilities			150				534

Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments

 

		Millions of yen
		Balance sheet location		Fair value
				March 31, 2016				December 31, 2015
Assets:
Foreign exchange contracts		Prepaid expenses and other current assets			1,058				1,112
Liabilities:
Foreign exchange contracts		Other current liabilities			1,103				90

 

25

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CANON INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

 

(11)	Derivatives and Hedging Activities (continued)

 

Effect of derivative instruments in the consolidated statements of income

The following tables present the effect of Canon’s derivative instruments in the consolidated statements of income for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015.

Derivatives in cash flow hedging relationships

 

Millions of yen

Three months ended March 31, 2016

Gain (loss) recognized in   OCI (effective   portion)

Gain (loss) reclassified from accumulated OCI into income (effective portion)

Gain (loss) recognized in income (ineffective portion and amount excluded from effectiveness testing)

Amount

Location

Amount

Location

Amount

Foreign exchange contracts

2,275

Other, net

75

Other, net

(63)

Millions of yen

Three months ended March 31, 2015

Gain (loss) recognized in   OCI (effective   portion)

Gain (loss) reclassified from accumulated OCI into income (effective portion)

Gain (loss) recognized in income (ineffective portion and amount excluded from effectiveness testing)

Amount

Location

Amount

Location

Amount

Foreign exchange contracts

2,053

Other, net

(2,984)

Other, net

(29)

Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments

 

		Millions of yen
Three months ended March 31, 2016		Gain (loss) recognized in income on derivative
		Location				Amount
Foreign exchange contracts			Other, net				5,434
		Millions of yen
Three months ended March 31, 2015		Gain (loss) recognized in income on derivative
		Location				Amount
Foreign exchange contracts			Other, net				8,504

 

26

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CANON INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

 

 

(12)	Commitments and Contingent Liabilities

Commitments

As of March 31, 2016, commitments outstanding for the purchase of property, plant and equipment approximated ¥33,276 million, and commitments outstanding for the purchase of parts and raw materials approximated ¥78,834 million.

Canon occupies sales offices and other facilities under lease arrangements accounted for as operating leases. Deposits made under such arrangements aggregated ¥12,975 million and ¥13,561 million at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively, and are included in noncurrent receivables in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.

Future minimum lease payments required under noncancelable operating leases are ¥24,774 million (within one year) and ¥54,349 million (after one year), at March 31, 2016.

Guarantees

Canon provides guarantees for bank loans of its employees, affiliates and other companies. The guarantees for the employees are principally made for their housing loans. The guarantees of loans of its affiliates and other companies are made to ensure that those companies operate with less financial risk.

For each guarantee provided, Canon would have to perform under a guarantee if the borrower defaults on a payment within the contract periods of 1 year to 30 years, in the case of employees with housing loans, and of 1 year to 5 years, in the case of affiliates and other companies. The maximum amount of undiscounted payments Canon would have had to make in the event of default is ¥7,229 million at March 31, 2016. The carrying amounts of the liabilities recognized for Canon’s obligations as a guarantor under those guarantees at March 31, 2016 were not significant.

Canon also issues contractual product warranties under which it generally guarantees the performance of products delivered and services rendered for a certain period or term. Estimated product warranty costs are recorded at the time revenue is recognized and are included in selling, general and administrative expenses. Estimates for accrued product warranty costs are based on historical experience. Changes in accrued product warranty cost for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015 is summarized as follows:

Three months ended March 31, 2016

Three months ended March 31, 2015

 

27

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CANON INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

 

(12)	Commitments and Contingent Liabilities (continued)

 

Legal proceedings

Canon is involved in various claims and legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business. Canon has recorded provisions for liabilities when it is probable that liabilities have been incurred and the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated. Canon reviews these provisions at least quarterly and adjusts these provisions to reflect the impact of the negotiations, settlements, rulings, advice of legal counsel and other information and events pertaining to a particular case. Based on its experience, although litigation is inherently unpredictable, Canon believes that any damage amounts claimed in outstanding matters are not a meaningful indicator of Canon’s potential liability. In the opinion of management, any reasonably possible range of losses from outstanding matters would not have a material adverse effect on Canon’s consolidated financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.

 

28

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CANON INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

 

 

(13)	Disclosures about the Fair Value of Financial Instruments and Concentrations of Credit Risk

Fair value of financial instruments

The estimated fair values of Canon’s financial instruments at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 are set forth below. The following summary excludes cash and cash equivalents, trade receivables, finance receivables, noncurrent receivables, short-term loans, trade payables and accrued expenses for which fair values approximate their carrying amounts. The summary also excludes investments and derivative instruments which are disclosed in Note 2 and Note 11, respectively.

 

Millions of yen

March 31, 2016

December 31, 2015

Carrying amount

Estimated fair value

Carrying amount

Estimated fair value

Long-term debt, including current installments

(1,386)

(1,354)

(1,543)

(1,507)

The following methods and assumptions are used to estimate the fair value in the above table.

Long-term debt

Canon’s long-term debt instruments are classified as Level 2 instruments and valued based on the present value of future cash flows associated with each instrument discounted using current market borrowing rates for similar debt instruments of comparable maturity. The levels are more fully described in Note 14.

Limitations of fair value estimates

Fair value estimates are made at a specific point in time, based on relevant market information and information about the financial instruments. These estimates are subjective in nature and involve uncertainties and matters of significant judgment and therefore cannot be determined with precision. Changes in assumptions could significantly affect the estimates.

Concentrations of credit risk

At March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, one customer accounted for approximately 15% of consolidated trade receivables. Although Canon does not expect that the customer will fail to meet its obligations, Canon is potentially exposed to concentrations of credit risk if the customer failed to perform according to the terms of the contracts.

 

29

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CANON INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

 

(14)	Fair Value Measurements

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. A three-level fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value is as follows:

 

Level 1 -		Inputs are quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2 -		Inputs are quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, inputs other than quoted prices that are observable, and inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means.
Level 3 -		Inputs are derived from valuation techniques in which one or more significant inputs or value drivers are unobservable, which reflect the reporting entity’s own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in establishing a price.

Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis

The following tables present Canon’s assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis consistent with the fair value hierarchy at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015.

 

 

30

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CANON INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

 

(14)	Fair Value Measurements (continued)

 

 

Level 1 investments are comprised principally of Japanese equity securities, which are valued using an unadjusted quoted market price in active markets with sufficient volume and frequency of transactions. Level 2 cash and cash equivalents are valued based on market approach, using quoted prices for identical assets in markets that are not active. Level 3 investments are mainly comprised of corporate bonds, which are valued based on cost approach, using unobservable inputs as the market for the assets was not active at the measurement date.

Derivative financial instruments are comprised of foreign exchange contracts. Level 2 derivatives are valued using quotes obtained from counterparties or third parties, which are periodically validated by pricing models using observable market inputs, such as foreign currency exchange rates and interest rates, based on market approach.

The following table presents the changes in Level 3 assets measured on a recurring basis, consisting primarily of corporate bonds, for the three months ended March 31, 2015. There are no changes in Level 3 assets measured on a recurring basis for the three months ended March 31, 2016.

Three months ended March 31, 2015

 

Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis

During the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, there were no circumstances that required any significant assets or liabilities to be measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis.

 

31

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CANON INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

 

 

(15)	Supplemental Information

Gains and losses resulting from foreign currency transactions, including foreign exchange contracts, and translation of assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are included in other income (deductions) in the consolidated statements of income. Foreign currency exchange gains and losses were a net gain of ¥3,058 million and a net loss of ¥7,926 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

Advertising costs are expensed as incurred. Advertising expenses were ¥11,765 million and ¥11,950 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

Shipping and handling costs totaled ¥11,217 million and ¥12,975 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively, and are included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of income.

Certain debt securities with original maturities of less than three months classified as available-for-sale securities of ¥45,200 million and ¥80,870 million at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively, are included in cash and cash equivalents in the consolidated balance sheets. Fair value for these securities approximates their cost.

 

32

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CANON INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

 

(15)	Supplemental Information (continued)

Finance receivables represent financing leases which consist of sales-type leases and direct-financing leases resulting from the sales of Canon’s and complementary third-party products primarily in foreign countries. These receivables typically have terms ranging from 1 year to 6 years. Finance receivables are ¥279,687 million and ¥283,471 million at March 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. Finance receivables which are individually evaluated for impairment at March 31, 2016 and 2015 are not significant.

The activity in the allowance for credit losses is as follows:

Three months ended March 31, 2016

 

Three months ended March 31, 2015

 

Canon has policies in place to ensure that its products are sold to customers with an appropriate credit history, and continuously monitors its customers’ credit quality based on information including length of period in arrears, macroeconomic conditions, initiation of legal proceedings against customers and bankruptcy filings. The allowance for credit losses of finance receivables are evaluated collectively based on historical experience of credit losses. An additional reserve for individual accounts is recorded when Canon becomes aware of a customer’s inability to meet its financial obligations, such as in the case of bankruptcy filings. Finance receivables which are past due at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 are not significant.

Amendments to the Japanese tax regulations were enacted into law on March 29, 2016. As a result of these amendments, the statutory income tax rates utilized for deferred tax assets and liabilities expected to be settled or realized in the period from January 1, 2017 thereafter were changed to approximately 31%. The adjustments of deferred tax assets and liabilities for this amendment to tax law amounted to ¥3,762 million and have been reflected in income taxes in the consolidated statement of income for the three months ended March 31, 2016.

 

33

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CANON INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

 

 

(16)	Segment Information

Canon operates its business in three segments: the Office Business Unit, the Imaging System Business Unit, and the Industry and Others Business Unit, which are based on the organizational structure and information reviewed by Canon’s management to evaluate results and allocate resources.

The primary products included in each segment are as follows:

 

Office Business Unit:		Office multifunction devices (MFDs) / Laser multifunction printers / Laser printers / Digital production printing systems / High speed continuous feed printers / Wide-format printers / Document solutions

Imaging System Business Unit:		Interchangeable lens digital cameras / Digital compact cameras / Digital camcorders / Digital cinema cameras / Interchangeable lenses / Compact photo printers / Inkjet printers / Large-format inkjet printers / Commercial photo printers / Image scanners / Multimedia projectors / Broadcast equipment / Calculators

Industry and Others Business Unit:		Semiconductor lithography equipment / FPD (Flat panel display) lithography equipment / Digital radiography systems / Ophthalmic equipment / Vacuum thin-film deposition equipment / Organic LED (OLED) panel manufacturing equipment / Die bonders / Micromotors / Network cameras / Handy terminals / Document scanners

The accounting policies of the segments are substantially the same as the accounting policies used in Canon’s quarterly consolidated financial statements. Canon evaluates performance of, and allocates resources to, each segment based on operating profit.

 

34

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CANON INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

 

 

(16)	Segment Information (continued)

Information about operating results for each segment for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015 is as follows:

 

		Office				Imaging     System				Industry and     Others				Corporate     and eliminations				Consolidated
										(Millions of yen)
2016:
Net sales:
External customers			453,640				234,567				109,023				–				797,230
Intersegment			712				249				21,148				(22,109)				–
Total			454,352				234,816				130,171				(22,109)				797,230
Operating cost and expenses			409,648				215,198				130,793				1,504				757,143
Operating profit			44,704				19,618				(622)				(23,613)				40,087
2015:
Net sales:
External customers			528,499				262,349				66,597				–				857,445
Intersegment			632				309				22,706				(23,647)				–
Total			529,131				262,658				89,303				(23,647)				857,445
Operating cost and expenses			457,415				233,540				97,142				3,151				791,248
Operating profit			71,716				29,118				(7,839)				(26,798)				66,197
Intersegment sales are recorded at the same prices used in transactions with third parties. Expenses not directly associated with specific segments are allocated based on the most reasonable measures applicable. Corporate expenses include certain corporate research and development expenses.   Information by major geographic area for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015 is as follows:
		Japan				Americas				Europe				Asia and     Oceania				Total
										(Millions of yen)
2016:
Net sales:			168,541				224,248				219,885				184,556				797,230
2015:
Net sales:			165,143				248,975				245,959				197,368				857,445

Net sales are attributed to areas based on the location where the product is shipped to the customers.

 

35

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CANON INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

 

 

(16)	Segment Information (continued)

In addition to the disclosure requirements under Topic 280, Canon has disclosed the segment information based on the location of Canon Inc. and its subsidiaries. Results from a survey of a representative sample of financial statement users, however, indicated that they consider the latter to be less useful than sales information based on the location where the product is shipped to customers, which is disclosed separately. For this reason, Canon decided to discontinue the disclosure of geographical segment information based on the location of Canon Inc. and its subsidiaries from this year, in order to avoid the risk of confusing users due to disclosing two similar types of geographical information and make disclosure more concise and transparent.

 

(2)	Other Information

None.

 

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